14.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Bunge is party to a large number of claims and lawsuits, primarily tax and labor claims in Brazil and tax claims in Argentina, arising in the normal course of business. The ability to predict the ultimate outcome of such matters involves judgments, estimates and inherent uncertainties. Bunge records liabilities related to its general claims and lawsuits when the exposure item becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. Bunge management does not expect these matters to have a material adverse effect on Bunge’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. However, these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and there exists the remote possibility of an adverse impact on Bunge’s position in the period the uncertainties are resolved whereby the settlement of the identified contingencies could exceed the amount of provisions included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Included in other non-current liabilities at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 are the following amounts related to these matters:

	September 30,		December 31,
(US$ in millions)	2015		2014
Tax claims	$	159	$	225
Labor claims	69		86
Civil and other claims	92		107

Total	$	320	$	418

Tax claims - These tax claims relate principally to claims against Bunge’s Brazilian subsidiaries, primarily value added tax claims (ICMS, IPI, PIS and COFINS). The determination of the manner in which various Brazilian federal, state and municipal taxes apply to the operations of Bunge is subject to varying interpretations arising from the complex nature of Brazilian tax law. In addition to the matter discussed below, Bunge monitors other potential claims in Brazil regarding these value-added taxes. In particular, Bunge monitors the Brazilian federal and state governments’ responses to recent Brazilian Supreme Court decisions invalidating on constitutional grounds certain ICMS incentives and benefits granted by various states. While Bunge was not a recipient of any of the incentives and benefits that were the subject of these Supreme Court decisions, it has received other similar tax incentives and benefits. Bunge has not received any tax assessment from the states that granted these incentives or benefits related to their validity and, based on the Company’s evaluation of this matter as required by U.S. GAAP, no liability has been recorded in the consolidated financial statements.

On February 13, 2015, Brazil’s Supreme Federal Court ruled in a leading case that certain state ICMS tax credits for staple foods (including soy oil, margarine, mayonnaise and wheat flours) are unconstitutional. Bunge, like other companies in the Brazilian food industry, is involved in several administrative and judicial disputes with Brazilian states regarding these tax credits. While the leading case does not involve Bunge and each case is unique in facts and circumstances and applicable state law, the ruling has general precedent authority on lower court cases. Based on management’s review of the ruling (without considering the future success of any potential clarification or modulation of the ruling) and its general application to Bunge’s pending cases, management recorded a liability of 468 million Brazilian reais (approximately $118 million and $177 million as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively), plus applicable interest. Management intends to continue to vigorously defend against its pending state cases.

In December 2012, July 2013 and November 2014, the Brazilian tax authorities concluded examinations of the PIS COFINS tax returns of one of Bunge’s Brazilian subsidiaries for the years 2004-2009, and proposed adjustments totaling approximately 430 million Brazilian reais (approximately $108 million and $162 million as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively), plus applicable interest and penalties. Management, in consultation with external legal advisors, has established appropriate reserves for potential exposures.

The Argentine tax authorities have been conducting a review of income and other taxes paid by exporters and processors of cereals and other agricultural commodities in the country. In that regard, in October 2010, the Argentine tax authorities carried out inspections at several of Bunge’s locations in Argentina relating to allegations of income tax evasion covering the periods from 2007 to 2009. In December 2012, Bunge’s Argentine subsidiary received an income tax assessment relating to fiscal years 2006 and 2007 with a claim of approximately 436 million Argentine pesos (approximately $46 million as of September 30, 2015), plus previously accrued interest on the outstanding amount due of approximately 1,024 million Argentine pesos (approximately $109 million as of September 30, 2015). Bunge’s Argentine subsidiary has appealed this assessment before the National Tax Court. Fiscal years 2008 and 2009 are currently being audited by the tax authorities. In April 2012, the Argentine government suspended Bunge’s Argentine subsidiary from a registry of grain traders and, in October 2012, the government excluded Bunge’s subsidiary from this registry in connection with the income tax allegations discussed above. While the suspension and exclusion have not had a material adverse effect on Bunge’s business in Argentina, these actions have resulted in additional administrative requirements and increased logistical costs on grain shipments within Argentina. Additionally, in April 2011, the Argentine tax authorities conducted inspections of Bunge’s locations and those of several other grain exporters with respect to allegations of evasion of liability for value-added taxes and an inquest proceeding was initiated in the first quarter of 2012 to determine whether there is any potential criminal culpability relating to these matters. Also during 2011, Bunge paid $112 million of accrued export tax obligations in Argentina under protest while reserving all of its rights in respect of such payment. In the first quarter of 2012, the Argentine tax authorities assessed interest on these paid export taxes, which as of September 30, 2015, totaled approximately $198 million. Bunge previously recorded an accrual of $30 million for a portion of the assessed interest. Based on a July, 2015 determination by the Argentine Supreme Court and the opinions of external legal advisors, management has concluded that the risk of payment of such interest is remote and reversed the accrual. Bunge is challenging these actions in the Argentine courts and management believes that these tax-related allegations and claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them. However, management is, at this time, unable to predict their outcome.

Labor claims - The labor claims are principally claims against Bunge’s Brazilian subsidiaries. The labor claims primarily relate to dismissals, severance, health and safety, salary adjustments and supplementary retirement benefits.

Civil and other - The civil and other claims relate to various disputes with third parties, including suppliers and customers.

Guarantees - Bunge has issued or was a party to the following guarantees at September 30, 2015:

	Maximum
	Potential
	Future
(US$ in millions)	Payments
Unconsolidated affiliates financing (1)	$	70
Residual value guarantee (2)	149

Total	$	219

(1)

Bunge issued guarantees to certain financial institutions related to debt of certain of its unconsolidated joint ventures. The terms of the guarantees are equal to the terms of the related financings which have maturity dates in 2015 through 2018. There are no recourse provisions or collateral that would enable Bunge to recover any amounts paid under these guarantees. At September 30, 2015, Bunge had no outstanding recorded obligation related to these guarantees.

(2)

Bunge issued guarantees to certain financial institutions which are party to certain operating lease arrangements for railcars and barges. These guarantees provide for a minimum residual value to be received by the lessor at conclusion of the lease term. These leases expire at various dates from 2016 through 2019. At September 30, 2015, Bunge’s recorded obligation related to these guarantees was $5 million.

In addition, Bunge Limited has provided full and unconditional parent level guarantees of the outstanding indebtedness under certain credit facilities entered into, and senior notes issued, by its subsidiaries. At September 30, 2015, Bunge’s condensed consolidated balance sheet includes debt with a carrying amount of $3,502 million related to these guarantees. This debt includes the senior notes issued by two of Bunge’s 100% owned finance subsidiaries, Bunge Limited Finance Corp. and Bunge N.A. Finance L.P. There are no significant restrictions on the ability of Bunge Limited Finance Corp., Bunge N.A. Finance L.P. or any other Bunge subsidiary to transfer funds to Bunge Limited.