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Securities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Securities

Securities

4. Securities

The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of securities held-to-maturity at:


					Allowance			Net			Gross			Gross
		Amortized			for			Carrying			Unrecognized			Unrecognized
March 31, 2025		Cost			Credit Losses			Amount			Gains			Losses			Fair Value

		(In thousands)
Municipals		$	43,678		$	(359)		$	43,319		$	—		$	(5,736)		$	37,583

FNMA			7,831			—			7,831			—			(744)			7,087

Total		$	51,509		$	(359)		$	51,150		$	—		$	(6,480)		$	44,670


					Allowance			Net			Gross			Gross
		Amortized			for			Carrying			Unrecognized			Unrecognized
December 31, 2024		Cost			Credit Losses			Amount			Gains			Losses			Fair Value

		(In thousands)
Municipals		$	44,002		$	(353)		$	43,649		$	—		$	(5,834)		$	37,815

FNMA			7,836			—			7,836			—			(933)			6,903

Total		$	51,838		$	(353)		$	51,485		$	—		$	(6,767)		$	44,718

The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of securities available for sale on:


						Allowance		Gross			Gross
		Amortized				for		Unrealized			Unrealized
March 31. 2025		Cost			Credit Losses			Gains			Losses			Fair Value

		(In thousands)
U.S. government agencies		$	7,918		$	—		$	36		$	(43)		$	7,911
Municipals			20,627			(2,627)			—			—			18,000
Corporate			130,928			—			823			(5,677)			126,074
Mutual funds			12,160			—			—			—			12,160
Collateralized loan obligations			405,662			—			682			(1,385)			404,959
Other			1,474			—			—			—			1,474
Total other securities			578,769			(2,627)			1,541			(7,105)			570,578
REMIC and CMO			676,300			—			2,653			(764)			678,189
GNMA			29,418			—			121			(12)			29,527
FNMA			96,396			—			739			(53)			97,082
FHLMC			74,003			—			765			—			74,768
Total mortgage-backed securities			876,117			—			4,278			(829)			879,566

Total Securities available for sale		$	1,454,886		$	(2,627)		$	5,819		$	(7,934)		$	1,450,144


								Gross			Gross
		Amortized						Unrealized			Unrealized
December 31. 2024		Cost			Fair Value			Gains			Losses			Fair Value

		(In thousands)
U.S. government agencies		$	8,804		$	—		$	77		$	(33)		$	8,848
Municipals			20,627			(2,627)			—			—			18,000
Corporate			130,882			—			735			(6,368)			125,249
Mutual funds			11,890			—			—			—			11,890
Collateralized loan obligations			420,260			—			1,126			(569)			420,817
Other			1,465			—			—			—			1,465
Total other securities			593,928			(2,627)			1,938			(6,970)			586,269
REMIC and CMO			707,540			—			1,107			(1,067)			707,580
GNMA			30,099			—			—			(154)			29,945
FNMA			99,183			—			11			(1,048)			98,146
FHLMC			76,048			—			13			(96)			75,965
Total mortgage-backed securities			912,870			—			1,131			(2,365)			911,636

Total securities available for sale		$	1,506,798		$	(2,627)		$	3,069		$	(9,335)		$	1,497,905

The corporate securities held by the Company at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are issued by U.S. banking institutions. The CMOs held by the Company at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are either fully guaranteed or issued by a government sponsored enterprise.

The following tables detail the amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s securities classified as held-to-maturity and available for sale at March 31, 2025, by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


		Amortized
Securities held-to-maturity:		Cost			Fair Value

		(In thousands)
Due after ten years		$	43,678		$	37,583
Total other securities			43,678			37,583
Mortgage-backed securities			7,831			7,087
Total securities held-to-maturity		$	51,509		$	44,670


		Amortized
Securities available for sale:		Cost			Fair Value

		(In thousands)
Due after one year through five years		$	56,323		$	54,411
Due after five years through ten years			224,382			221,888
Due after ten years			285,904			282,119
Total other securities			566,609			558,418
Mutual funds			12,160			12,160
Mortgage-backed securities			876,117			879,566
Total securities available for sale		$	1,454,886		$	1,450,144

The following tables show the Company’s securities without an allowance for credit losses with gross unrealized losses and their fair value, aggregated by category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at the dates indicated:


		At March 31, 2025
				Total						Less than 12 months						12 months or more
							Unrealized						Unrealized						Unrealized
		Count		Fair Value			Losses			Fair Value			Losses			Fair Value			Losses

		(Dollars in thousands)
Held-to-maturity securities
FNMA		1			7,087			(744)			—			—			7,087			(744)
Total mortgage-backed securities		1			7,087			(744)			—			—			7,087			(744)

Total		1		$	7,087		$	(744)		$	—		$	—		$	7,087		$	(744)

Available for sale securities
U.S. government agencies		3		$	4,730		$	(43)		$	1,445		$	(11)		$	3,285		$	(32)
Corporate		11			88,522			(5,677)			—			—			88,522			(5,677)
Collateralized loan obligations		20			224,043			(1,385)			116,425			(449)			107,618			(936)
Total other securities		34			317,295			(7,105)			117,870			(460)			199,425			(6,645)

REMIC and CMO		15			168,597			(764)			136,779			(428)			31,818			(336)
GNMA		2			3,506			(12)			—			—			3,506			(12)
FNMA		1			19,575			(53)			19,575			(53)			—			—
Total mortgage-backed securities		18			191,678			(829)			156,354			(481)			35,324			(348)
Total securities available for sale		52		$	508,973		$	(7,934)		$	274,224		$	(941)		$	234,749		$	(6,993)


		At December 31, 2024
				Total						Less than 12 months						12 months or more
							Unrealized						Unrealized						Unrealized
		Count		Fair Value			Losses			Fair Value			Losses			Fair Value			Losses

		(Dollars in thousands)
Held-to-maturity securities
FNMA		1			6,903			(933)			—			—			6,903			(933)
Total mortgage-backed securities		1			6,903			(933)			—			—			6,903			(933)

Total		1		$	6,903		$	(933)		$	—		$	—		$	6,903		$	(933)

Available for sale securities
U.S. government agencies		2		$	3,339		$	(33)		$	—		$	—		$	3,339		$	(33)
Corporate		13			95,758			(6,368)			—			—			95,758			(6,368)
Collateralized loan obligations		18			201,470			(569)			201,470			(569)			—			—
Total other securities		33			300,567			(6,970)			201,470			(569)			99,097			(6,401)

REMIC and CMO		19			287,948			(1,067)			281,570			(936)			6,378			(131)
GNMA		4			29,945			(154)			28,443			(134)			1,502			(20)
FNMA		6			97,417			(1,048)			97,417			(1,048)			—			—
FHLMC		3			56,540			(96)			56,540			(96)			—			—
Total mortgage-backed securities		32			471,850			(2,365)			463,970			(2,214)			7,880			(151)
Total		65		$	772,417		$	(9,335)		$	665,440		$	(2,783)		$	106,977		$	(6,552)

The Company reviewed all available for sale securities that had an unrealized loss at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company does not have the intent to sell these securities, and it is more likely than not the Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of the securities’ amortized cost basis. This conclusion is based upon considering the Company’s cash and working capital requirements and contractual and regulatory obligations, none of which the Company believes would cause the sale of the securities. If the Company identifies any decline in the fair value due to credit loss factors and an evaluation indicates that a credit loss exists, then the present value of cash flows that is expected to be collected from the security is compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. All but one of these securities are rated investment grade or better, and all these securities have a long history of no credit losses. The Bank holds approximately $10 million of corporate debt from a New York based bank holding company that on February 6, 2024 was downgraded two levels to Ba2 (Moody’s non-investment grade). On March 1, 2024 the bond was downgraded four levels to B3 and then on March 15, 2024 the bond was upgraded one level to B2 and then upgraded again during the three months ended March 31, 2025 to B1. At this time, we do not consider the decline in fair value to be credit related given the underlying bond has not missed any payments and financial performance has not deteriorated to a level where the institution is not well capitalized. The Bank has placed the security on the watch list and will continue to monitor this risk position closely to determine if any action steps and valuation adjustments are required in the future. It is not anticipated that this security or any other available for sale security held at March 31, 2025 would be settled at a price that is less than the amortized cost of the Company’s investment.

In determining the risk of loss for available for sale securities, the Company considered that mortgage-backed securities are either fully guaranteed or issued by a government sponsored enterprise, which has a credit rating and perceived credit risk comparable to the U.S. government, and that issuers of the collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”) and the issuer of corporate securities are global systematically important banks. Each of these securities is performing according to its terms and, in the opinion of management, will continue to perform according to its terms. Based on this review, management believes that the unrealized losses have resulted from other factors not deemed credit-related and no allowance for credit loss was recorded.

The Company reviewed each held-to-maturity security as part of its quarterly Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”) process, resulting in an allowance for credit losses of $0.4 million at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

It is the Company’s policy to exclude accrued interest receivable from the calculation of the allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity and the valuation of available for sale securities. Accrued interest receivable on held-to-maturity securities totaled $0.1 million at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and accrued interest receivable on available for sale debt securities totaled $8.0 million and $8.8 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for debt securities available for sale.


	For the three months ended
	March 31,
	2025			2024

	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	2,627		$	—
Provision (benefit)		—			—
Allowance for credit losses	$	2,627		$	—

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for debt securities held-to-maturity.


	For the three months ended
	March 31,
	2025			2024

	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	353		$	1,087
Provision (benefit)		6			(3)
Allowance for credit losses	$	359		$	1,084

Realized gains and losses on the sales of securities are determined using the specific identification method. The Company did not sell any securities during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.