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PENSIONS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
PENSIONS [Abstract]  
PENSIONS
22.
PENSIONS

Defined contribution scheme
The Company operates a defined contribution scheme.  The pension cost for the period represents contributions payable by the Company to the scheme.  The charge to net income for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $0.8 million, $0.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

In respect of its Norwegian employees of which there were 13 as of December 31, 2011, the Company is required by Norwegian law to contribute into a multi-employer early retirement plan for the private sector.  Accordingly, the Company as a participant in a multi-employer plan recognizes as net pension cost the required contribution for the period and recognizes as a liability any unpaid contributions required for the period.

Defined benefit schemes
The Company has two defined benefit pension plans both of which are closed to new entrants but which still cover certain employees of the Company. Benefits are based on the employee's years of service and compensation.  Net periodic pension plan costs are determined using the Projected Unit Credit Cost method.  The Company's plans are funded by the Company in conformity with the funding requirements of the applicable government regulations.  Plan assets consist of both fixed income and equity funds managed by professional fund managers.

The Company uses a measurement date of December 31 for its pension plans.

The components of net periodic benefit costs are as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
 
2009
 
Service cost
 
 
459
 
 
 
485
 
 
 
480
 
Interest cost
 
 
2,729
 
 
 
2,891
 
 
 
2,742
 
Expected return on plan assets
 
 
(1,168
)
 
 
(1,197
)
 
 
(1,130
)
Recognized actuarial loss
 
 
985
 
 
 
954
 
 
 
718
 
Net periodic benefit cost
 
 
3,005
 
 
 
3,133
 
 
 
2,810
 

The estimated net loss for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic pension benefit cost during the year ending December 31, 2012 is $1.3 million.

The change in benefit obligation and plan assets and reconciliation of funded status as of December 31 are as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
Reconciliation of benefit obligation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligation at January 1
 
 
51,056
 
 
 
51,233
 
    Service cost
 
 
459
 
 
 
485
 
    Interest cost
 
 
2,729
 
 
 
2,891
 
    Actuarial loss
 
 
1,751
 
 
 
1,492
 
    Foreign currency exchange rate changes
   
(114
)
   
(358
)
    Benefit payments
 
 
(3,451
)
 
 
(4,687
)
Benefit obligation at December 31
 
 
52,430
 
 
 
51,056
 

The accumulated benefit obligation at December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $51.0 million and $49.5 million, respectively.
 (in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
Reconciliation of fair value of plan assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at January 1
 
 
17,605
 
 
 
18,644
 
     Actual return on plan assets
 
 
(1,656
)
 
 
1,508
 
     Employer contributions
 
 
2,440
 
 
 
2,419
 
     Foreign currency exchange rate changes
 
 
(92
)
 
 
(279
)
     Benefit payments
 
 
(3,451
)
 
 
(4,687
)
Fair value of plan assets at December 31
 
 
14,846
 
 
 
17,605
 

 (in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
 
(52,430
)
 
 
(51,056
)
Fair value of plan assets
 
 
14,846
 
 
 
17,605
 
Funded status (1)
 
 
(37,584
)
 
 
(33,451
)

Employer contributions and benefits paid under the pension plans include $2.4 million paid from employer assets for each of the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.

(1) The Company's plans are composed of two plans that are both underfunded as at December 31, 2011 and 2010.

The details of these plans are as follows:

 
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
December 31, 2010
 
 
(in thousands of $)
 
UK Scheme
 
 
Marine Scheme
 
 
Total
 
 
UK Scheme
 
 
Marine Scheme
 
 
Total
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
 
(9,839
)
 
 
(42,591
)
 
 
(52,430
)
 
 
(10,083
)
 
 
(40,973
)
 
 
(51,056
)
Fair value of plan assets
 
 
8,251
 
 
 
6,595
 
 
 
14,846
 
 
 
8,658
 
 
 
8,947
 
 
 
17,605
 
Funded status at end of year
 
 
(1,588
)
 
 
(35,996
)
 
 
(37,584
)
 
 
(1,425
)
 
 
(32,026
)
 
 
(33,451
)

The fair value of the Company's plan assets, by category, as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
Equity securities
 
 
10,051
 
 
 
12,758
 
Debt securities
 
 
2,267
 
 
 
2,420
 
Cash
 
 
2,528
 
 
 
2,427
 
 
 
 
14,846
 
 
 
17,605
 

The Company's plan assets are primarily invested in funds holding equity and debt securities, which are valued at quoted market price. These plan assets are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

The amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income consist of:

(in thousands of $)
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
Net actuarial loss
 
 
15,876
 
 
 
12,347
 
 
The actuarial loss recognized in the other comprehensive income is net of tax of $0.4 million for the year ending December 31, 2011 and $nil for the years ending December 31, 2010 and 2009.

The asset allocation for the Company's Marine scheme at December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the target allocation for 2012, by asset category are as follows:

Marine scheme
 
 
Target allocation
2012 (%)
  
2011 (%)
  
2010 (%)
 
Equity
  30-65   30-65   30-65 
Bonds
  10-50   10-50   10-50 
Other
  20-40   20-40   20-40 
Total
  100   100   100 

The asset allocation for the Company's UK scheme at December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the target allocation for 2012, by asset category are as follows:

UK scheme
 
 
Target allocation
2012 (%)
  
2011 (%)
  
2010 (%)
 
Equity
  72.5   72.5   80 
Bonds
  22.5   22.5   20 
Cash
  5.0   5.0   - 
Total
  100   100   100 

The Company's investment strategy is to balance risk and reward through the selection of professional investment managers and investing in pooled funds.

The Company is expected to make the following contributions to the schemes during the year ended December 31, 2012, as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
UK scheme
  
Marine scheme
 
Employer contributions
  617   1,800 

The Company is expected to make the following pension disbursements as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
UK scheme
  
Marine scheme
 
2012
  231   3,000 
2013
  231   3,000 
2014
  231   3,000 
2015
  231   3,000 
2016
  231   3,000 
2017 - 2021
  2,079   15,000 

The weighted average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation for the Company's plans at December 31 are as follows:

 
 
2011
  
2010
 
Discount rate
  4.70%  5.48%
Rate of compensation increase
  2.52%  3.48%

The weighted average assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit cost for the Company's plans for the year ended December 31 are as follows:

 
 
2011
  
2010
 
Discount rate
  4.70%  5.48%
Expected return on plan assets
  6.75%  6.75%
Rate of compensation increase
  2.49%  3.48%

The overall expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption used to determine the net periodic benefit cost for the Company's plans for the years ending December 31, 2011 and 2010 is based on the weighted average of various returns on assets using the asset allocation as at the beginning of 2011 and 2010.  For equities and other asset classes, the Company has applied an equity risk premium over ten year governmental bonds.