v3.25.4

Pension and other postretirement benefits (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2025
Retirement Benefits [Abstract] |
Changes in Projected Benefit Obligations, Fair Value of Plan Assets, and Funded Status of Plan | The following table summarizes, with respect to defined benefit pension plans, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, funded status, amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets and weighted- average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation, beginning of year | $79 |  | $215 |  | $82 |  | $747
Service cost | — |  | 4 |  | — |  | 2
Interest cost | 4 |  | 11 |  | 4 |  | 33
Actuarial (gains) and losses | — |  | (9) |  | — |  | 8
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (7) |  | (7) |  | (44)
Settlements | — |  | — |  | — |  | (496)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 11 |  | — |  | (35)
Plan transfer in | — |  | 53 |  | — |  | —
Benefit obligation, end of year | $77 |  | $278 |  | $79 |  | $215
Change in fair value of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | $— |  | $175 |  | $— |  | $669
Actual return on plan assets | — |  | 5 |  | — |  | 39
Employer contributions | 6 |  | 8 |  | 7 |  | 37
Plan transfer in | — |  | 55 |  | — |  | —
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (7) |  | (7) |  | (44)
Settlements | — |  | — |  | — |  | (496)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 10 |  | — |  | (30)
Fair value of plan assets, end of year | — |  | 246 |  | — |  | 175
Funded status | $(77) |  | $(32) |  | $(79) |  | $(40)
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noncurrent assets | $— |  | $28 |  | $— |  | $20
Current liabilities | (7) |  | (5) |  | (7) |  | (4)
Noncurrent liabilities | (70) |  | (55) |  | (72) |  | (56)
Funded status at end of year | $(77) |  | $(32) |  | $(79) |  | $(40)
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $(16) |  | $3 |  | $(17) |  | $8
Total | $(16) |  | $3 |  | $(17) |  | $8
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.3% |  | 4.1% |  | 5.5% |  | 4.7%
Rate of compensation increase | —% |  | 2.4% |  | —% |  | 2.5%
Interest crediting rate | 3.0% |  | 2.5% |  | 3.0% |  | —%
The following table summarizes, with respect to other postretirement benefit plans, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, funded status, amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets and weighted- average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation, beginning of year | $49 |  | $70 |  | $55 |  | $75
Service cost | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | 1
Interest cost | 2 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  | 3
Actuarial (gains) | (1) |  | (1) |  | (2) |  | —
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (5) |  | (6) |  | (5)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 3 |  | — |  | (4)
Benefit obligation, end of year | $44 |  | $71 |  | $49 |  | $70
Change in fair value of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $—
Employer contributions | 6 |  | 5 |  | 6 |  | 5
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (5) |  | (6) |  | (5)
Fair value of plan assets, end of year | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Funded status | $(44) |  | $(71) |  | $(49) |  | $(70)
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities | $(7) |  | $(4) |  | $(8) |  | $(4)
Noncurrent liabilities | (37) |  | (67) |  | (41) |  | (66)
Funded status at end of year | $(44) |  | $(71) |  | $(49) |  | $(70)
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gains) | $(21) |  | $(17) |  | $(22) |  | $(16)
Total | $(21) |  | $(17) |  | $(22) |  | $(16)
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.1% |  | 4.9% |  | 5.4% |  | 4.7%
Schedule of Defined Benefit Plan Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | The following table summarizes, with respect to defined benefit pension plans, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, funded status, amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets and weighted- average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation, beginning of year | $79 |  | $215 |  | $82 |  | $747
Service cost | — |  | 4 |  | — |  | 2
Interest cost | 4 |  | 11 |  | 4 |  | 33
Actuarial (gains) and losses | — |  | (9) |  | — |  | 8
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (7) |  | (7) |  | (44)
Settlements | — |  | — |  | — |  | (496)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 11 |  | — |  | (35)
Plan transfer in | — |  | 53 |  | — |  | —
Benefit obligation, end of year | $77 |  | $278 |  | $79 |  | $215
Change in fair value of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | $— |  | $175 |  | $— |  | $669
Actual return on plan assets | — |  | 5 |  | — |  | 39
Employer contributions | 6 |  | 8 |  | 7 |  | 37
Plan transfer in | — |  | 55 |  | — |  | —
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (7) |  | (7) |  | (44)
Settlements | — |  | — |  | — |  | (496)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 10 |  | — |  | (30)
Fair value of plan assets, end of year | — |  | 246 |  | — |  | 175
Funded status | $(77) |  | $(32) |  | $(79) |  | $(40)
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noncurrent assets | $— |  | $28 |  | $— |  | $20
Current liabilities | (7) |  | (5) |  | (7) |  | (4)
Noncurrent liabilities | (70) |  | (55) |  | (72) |  | (56)
Funded status at end of year | $(77) |  | $(32) |  | $(79) |  | $(40)
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $(16) |  | $3 |  | $(17) |  | $8
Total | $(16) |  | $3 |  | $(17) |  | $8
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.3% |  | 4.1% |  | 5.5% |  | 4.7%
Rate of compensation increase | —% |  | 2.4% |  | —% |  | 2.5%
Interest crediting rate | 3.0% |  | 2.5% |  | 3.0% |  | —%
The following table summarizes, with respect to other postretirement benefit plans, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, funded status, amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets and weighted- average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation, beginning of year | $49 |  | $70 |  | $55 |  | $75
Service cost | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | 1
Interest cost | 2 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  | 3
Actuarial (gains) | (1) |  | (1) |  | (2) |  | —
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (5) |  | (6) |  | (5)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 3 |  | — |  | (4)
Benefit obligation, end of year | $44 |  | $71 |  | $49 |  | $70
Change in fair value of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $—
Employer contributions | 6 |  | 5 |  | 6 |  | 5
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (5) |  | (6) |  | (5)
Fair value of plan assets, end of year | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Funded status | $(44) |  | $(71) |  | $(49) |  | $(70)
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities | $(7) |  | $(4) |  | $(8) |  | $(4)
Noncurrent liabilities | (37) |  | (67) |  | (41) |  | (66)
Funded status at end of year | $(44) |  | $(71) |  | $(49) |  | $(70)
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gains) | $(21) |  | $(17) |  | $(22) |  | $(16)
Total | $(21) |  | $(17) |  | $(22) |  | $(16)
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.1% |  | 4.9% |  | 5.4% |  | 4.7%
Defined Benefit Plan, Assumptions | The following table summarizes, with respect to defined benefit pension plans, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, funded status, amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets and weighted- average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation, beginning of year | $79 |  | $215 |  | $82 |  | $747
Service cost | — |  | 4 |  | — |  | 2
Interest cost | 4 |  | 11 |  | 4 |  | 33
Actuarial (gains) and losses | — |  | (9) |  | — |  | 8
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (7) |  | (7) |  | (44)
Settlements | — |  | — |  | — |  | (496)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 11 |  | — |  | (35)
Plan transfer in | — |  | 53 |  | — |  | —
Benefit obligation, end of year | $77 |  | $278 |  | $79 |  | $215
Change in fair value of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | $— |  | $175 |  | $— |  | $669
Actual return on plan assets | — |  | 5 |  | — |  | 39
Employer contributions | 6 |  | 8 |  | 7 |  | 37
Plan transfer in | — |  | 55 |  | — |  | —
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (7) |  | (7) |  | (44)
Settlements | — |  | — |  | — |  | (496)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 10 |  | — |  | (30)
Fair value of plan assets, end of year | — |  | 246 |  | — |  | 175
Funded status | $(77) |  | $(32) |  | $(79) |  | $(40)
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noncurrent assets | $— |  | $28 |  | $— |  | $20
Current liabilities | (7) |  | (5) |  | (7) |  | (4)
Noncurrent liabilities | (70) |  | (55) |  | (72) |  | (56)
Funded status at end of year | $(77) |  | $(32) |  | $(79) |  | $(40)
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $(16) |  | $3 |  | $(17) |  | $8
Total | $(16) |  | $3 |  | $(17) |  | $8
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.3% |  | 4.1% |  | 5.5% |  | 4.7%
Rate of compensation increase | —% |  | 2.4% |  | —% |  | 2.5%
Interest crediting rate | 3.0% |  | 2.5% |  | 3.0% |  | —%
The following table summarizes, with respect to defined benefit pension plans, the components of Net periodic benefit cost, amounts recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) and weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost:
| For the years ended December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Components of Net periodic benefit cost (credit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $4 |  | $2 |  | $2
Interest cost | 4 |  | 4 |  | 38 |  | 11 |  | 33 |  | 33
Expected return on assets | — |  | — |  | (34) |  | (10) |  | (31) |  | (32)
Amortization of actuarial (gains) | (1) |  | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Settlement loss | — |  | — |  | 33 |  | — |  | 61 |  | —
Net periodic benefit cost | $3 |  | $3 |  | $37 |  | $5 |  | $65 |  | $3
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $— |  | $(1) |  | $3 |  | $(5) |  | $— |  | $40
Amortization of actuarial loss (gain) | 1 |  | 1 |  | (33) |  | — |  | (61) |  | —
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (3) |  | 1
Total recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss | 1 |  | — |  | (30) |  | (5) |  | (64) |  | 41
Total recognized in Net periodic benefit cost and Other comprehensive (income) loss | $4 |  | $3 |  | $7 |  | $— |  | $1 |  | $44
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost (credit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.5% |  | 4.8% |  | 5.9% |  | 4.1% |  | 4.6% |  | 5.0%
Rate of compensation increase | —% |  | —% |  | —% |  | 2.3% |  | 2.5% |  | 2.5%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets | —% |  | —% |  | 5.9% |  | 4.9% |  | 4.9% |  | 5.2%
Interest crediting rate | 3.0% |  | 3.0% |  | 3.0% |  | 2.9% |  | —% |  | —%
The following table summarizes, with respect to other postretirement benefit plans, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, funded status, amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets and weighted- average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Change in benefit obligation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation, beginning of year | $49 |  | $70 |  | $55 |  | $75
Service cost | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | 1
Interest cost | 2 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  | 3
Actuarial (gains) | (1) |  | (1) |  | (2) |  | —
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (5) |  | (6) |  | (5)
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | 3 |  | — |  | (4)
Benefit obligation, end of year | $44 |  | $71 |  | $49 |  | $70
Change in fair value of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $—
Employer contributions | 6 |  | 5 |  | 6 |  | 5
Benefits paid | (6) |  | (5) |  | (6) |  | (5)
Fair value of plan assets, end of year | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Funded status | $(44) |  | $(71) |  | $(49) |  | $(70)
Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities | $(7) |  | $(4) |  | $(8) |  | $(4)
Noncurrent liabilities | (37) |  | (67) |  | (41) |  | (66)
Funded status at end of year | $(44) |  | $(71) |  | $(49) |  | $(70)
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gains) | $(21) |  | $(17) |  | $(22) |  | $(16)
Total | $(21) |  | $(17) |  | $(22) |  | $(16)
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.1% |  | 4.9% |  | 5.4% |  | 4.7%
Schedule of Net Benefit Costs | The following table summarizes, with respect to defined benefit pension plans, the components of Net periodic benefit cost, amounts recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) and weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost:
| For the years ended December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Components of Net periodic benefit cost (credit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $4 |  | $2 |  | $2
Interest cost | 4 |  | 4 |  | 38 |  | 11 |  | 33 |  | 33
Expected return on assets | — |  | — |  | (34) |  | (10) |  | (31) |  | (32)
Amortization of actuarial (gains) | (1) |  | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Settlement loss | — |  | — |  | 33 |  | — |  | 61 |  | —
Net periodic benefit cost | $3 |  | $3 |  | $37 |  | $5 |  | $65 |  | $3
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $— |  | $(1) |  | $3 |  | $(5) |  | $— |  | $40
Amortization of actuarial loss (gain) | 1 |  | 1 |  | (33) |  | — |  | (61) |  | —
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (3) |  | 1
Total recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss | 1 |  | — |  | (30) |  | (5) |  | (64) |  | 41
Total recognized in Net periodic benefit cost and Other comprehensive (income) loss | $4 |  | $3 |  | $7 |  | $— |  | $1 |  | $44
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost (credit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.5% |  | 4.8% |  | 5.9% |  | 4.1% |  | 4.6% |  | 5.0%
Rate of compensation increase | —% |  | —% |  | —% |  | 2.3% |  | 2.5% |  | 2.5%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets | —% |  | —% |  | 5.9% |  | 4.9% |  | 4.9% |  | 5.2%
Interest crediting rate | 3.0% |  | 3.0% |  | 3.0% |  | 2.9% |  | —% |  | —%
The following table summarizes, with respect to other postretirement benefit plans, the components of Net periodic benefit cost, amounts recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss), and weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost:
| For the years ended December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Components of Net periodic benefit cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $1 |  | $1 |  | $1
Interest cost | 2 |  | 2 |  | 3 |  | 3 |  | 3 |  | 3
Amortization of actuarial (gains) | (2) |  | (2) |  | (2) |  | — |  | (1) |  | (2)
Net periodic benefit cost | $— |  | $— |  | $1 |  | $4 |  | $3 |  | $2
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $(1) |  | $(2) |  | $(3) |  | $(1) |  | $— |  | $10
Amortization of actuarial loss | 2 |  | 2 |  | 2 |  | — |  | 1 |  | 2
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | —
Total recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss | $1 |  | $— |  | $(1) |  | $(1) |  | $2 |  | $12
Total recognized in Net periodic benefit cost and Other comprehensive (income) loss | $1 |  | $— |  | $— |  | $3 |  | $5 |  | $14
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.4% |  | 4.8% |  | 4.9% |  | 4.7% |  | 4.7% |  | 5.2%
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets | The defined benefit pension plans for which the projected benefit obligation exceeds the fair value of the respective plan assets were as follows:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Defined benefit pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation | $77 |  | $60 |  | $79 |  | $60
Fair value of plan assets | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $—
Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | The following table summarizes, with respect to defined benefit pension plans, the components of Net periodic benefit cost, amounts recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) and weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost:
| For the years ended December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Components of Net periodic benefit cost (credit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $4 |  | $2 |  | $2
Interest cost | 4 |  | 4 |  | 38 |  | 11 |  | 33 |  | 33
Expected return on assets | — |  | — |  | (34) |  | (10) |  | (31) |  | (32)
Amortization of actuarial (gains) | (1) |  | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Settlement loss | — |  | — |  | 33 |  | — |  | 61 |  | —
Net periodic benefit cost | $3 |  | $3 |  | $37 |  | $5 |  | $65 |  | $3
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $— |  | $(1) |  | $3 |  | $(5) |  | $— |  | $40
Amortization of actuarial loss (gain) | 1 |  | 1 |  | (33) |  | — |  | (61) |  | —
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (3) |  | 1
Total recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss | 1 |  | — |  | (30) |  | (5) |  | (64) |  | 41
Total recognized in Net periodic benefit cost and Other comprehensive (income) loss | $4 |  | $3 |  | $7 |  | $— |  | $1 |  | $44
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost (credit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.5% |  | 4.8% |  | 5.9% |  | 4.1% |  | 4.6% |  | 5.0%
Rate of compensation increase | —% |  | —% |  | —% |  | 2.3% |  | 2.5% |  | 2.5%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets | —% |  | —% |  | 5.9% |  | 4.9% |  | 4.9% |  | 5.2%
Interest crediting rate | 3.0% |  | 3.0% |  | 3.0% |  | 2.9% |  | —% |  | —%
The following table summarizes, with respect to other postretirement benefit plans, the components of Net periodic benefit cost, amounts recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss), and weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost:
| For the years ended December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
(In millions, except for percentage data) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Components of Net periodic benefit cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $1 |  | $1 |  | $1
Interest cost | 2 |  | 2 |  | 3 |  | 3 |  | 3 |  | 3
Amortization of actuarial (gains) | (2) |  | (2) |  | (2) |  | — |  | (1) |  | (2)
Net periodic benefit cost | $— |  | $— |  | $1 |  | $4 |  | $3 |  | $2
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $(1) |  | $(2) |  | $(3) |  | $(1) |  | $— |  | $10
Amortization of actuarial loss | 2 |  | 2 |  | 2 |  | — |  | 1 |  | 2
Foreign currency rate changes | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | —
Total recognized in Other comprehensive (income) loss | $1 |  | $— |  | $(1) |  | $(1) |  | $2 |  | $12
Total recognized in Net periodic benefit cost and Other comprehensive (income) loss | $1 |  | $— |  | $— |  | $3 |  | $5 |  | $14
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine Net periodic benefit cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 5.4% |  | 4.8% |  | 4.9% |  | 4.7% |  | 4.7% |  | 5.2%
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan with Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets | The defined benefit pension plans for which the projected benefit obligation exceeds the fair value of the respective plan assets were as follows:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Defined benefit pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation | $77 |  | $60 |  | $79 |  | $60
Fair value of plan assets | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $—
The other postretirement benefit plans for which the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation exceeds the fair value of plan assets were as follows:
| As of December 31,
| 2025 |  | 2024
(In millions) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
Other postretirement benefit plans with accumulated postretirement benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation | $44 |  | $71 |  | $49 |  | $70
Schedule of Health Care Cost Trend Rates | The assumed healthcare cost trend rates were as follows:
| For the years ended December 31,
| U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Healthcare cost trend rate assumed for next year | 8.2% |  | 7.9% |  | 7.2% |  | 5.1% |  | 5.0% |  | 4.6%
Rate to which the cost trend rate gradually declines | 4.5% |  | 4.5% |  | 4.5% |  | 4.0% |  | 4.0% |  | 4.0%
Year the rate reaches the ultimate rate | 2035 |  | 2033 |  | 2031 |  | 2040 |  | 2040 |  | 2040
Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets | The Company’s target allocation ranges by asset class were as follow:
(In millions) |  | Defined Benefit Pension Plans 2025(1)
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 0-10%
Equity instruments |  | 17-50%
Debt instruments |  | 0-72%
Other |  | 7 - 39%
__________________ (1)There are no target asset allocations for the U.S. defined benefit pension plans, which have no assets as of December 31, 2025. The Company’s asset allocation by asset class were as follow:
| Defined Benefit Pension Plans Fair Values
| As of December 31, 2025
| Non-U.S. Plans
(In millions) | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Cash and cash equivalents | $5 |  | $— |  | $— |  | $5
Equity instruments | 54 |  | — |  | 2 |  | 56
Debt instruments | 9 |  | 53 |  | — |  | 62
Other | — |  | 33 |  | — |  | 33
Insurance contracts | — |  | — |  | 90 |  | 90
Total | $68 |  | $86 |  | $92 |  | $246
There were no other postretirement benefit plan assets as of December 31, 2025. The Company’s asset allocations by asset class were as follow:
| Defined Benefit Pension Plans Fair Values
| As of December 31, 2024
| Non-U.S. Plans
(In millions) | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Cash and cash equivalents | $2 |  | $— |  | $— |  | $2
Equity instruments | 26 |  | — |  | 2 |  | 28
Debt instruments | — |  | 52 |  | — |  | 52
Insurance contracts | — |  | — |  | 93 |  | 93
Total | $28 |  | $52 |  | $95 |  | $175
Schedule of Changes in Fair Value of Plan Assets | The reconciliation for Level 3 pension plan assets by asset class were as follows:
| For the year ended December 31, 2025
| Non-U.S. Plans
(In millions) | Beginning Balance |  | Actual return on plan assets, relating to assets still held at reporting date |  | Purchases, sales and settlements |  | Change due to exchange rate changes |  | Ending Balance
Equity instruments | $2 |  | $— |  | $— |  | $— |  | $2
Insurance contracts | 93 |  | 1 |  | (8) |  | 4 |  | 90
Total | $95 |  | $1 |  | $(8) |  | $4 |  | $92
| For the year ended December 31, 2024
| Non-U.S. Plans
(In millions) | Beginning Balance |  | Actual return on plan assets, relating to assets still held at reporting date |  | Purchases, sales and settlements |  | Change due to exchange rate changes |  | Ending Balance
Equity instruments | $26 |  | $— |  | $(24) |  | $— |  | $2
Insurance contracts | 468 |  | 23 |  | (378) |  | (20) |  | 93
Total | $494 |  | $23 |  | $(402) |  | $(20) |  | $95
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments | The following table presents the expected future benefit payments to be made over the next 10 years:
| Defined Benefit Pension Plans |  | Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
(In millions) | U.S. |  | Non-U.S. |  | U.S. |  | Non-U.S.
2026 | $7 |  | $21 |  | $7 |  | $4
2027 | 7 |  | 18 |  | 6 |  | 4
2028 | 7 |  | 18 |  | 6 |  | 4
2029 | 7 |  | 18 |  | 4 |  | 4
2030 | 6 |  | 17 |  | 4 |  | 4
2031-2035 | 29 |  | 83 |  | 15 |  | 22

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