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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]
9. INCOME TAXES

We are required to adjust our effective tax rate each quarter to consistently estimate our annual effective tax rate.  We must also record the tax impact of certain discrete items, unusual or infrequently occurring, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, in the interim period in which they occur.  In addition, jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year or a year-to-date loss where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate.  The impact of such an exclusion could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter, based upon the mix and timing of actual earnings versus annual projections.

Income tax expense was $2.2 million in the first quarter of 2012 as compared to $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2011.  Our effective income tax rate was 4.3% in the first quarter of 2012 as compared to 5.4% in the first quarter of 2011. Our income tax expense and effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 reflect the effect of recognizing a net operating loss benefit against our taxable income in the U.S. Our income tax expense and effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2012 reflect the effect of recognizing a tax benefit of $1.1 million relating to the release of a prior year unrecognized tax benefit, due to the expiration of the statute of limitations for the year in which the uncertain tax position was established. Our income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2012 also reflects tax expense of $0.7 million relating to foreign withholding taxes paid for which a foreign tax credit cannot currently be realized.