<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000947871-19-000971.txt : 20191216
<SEC-HEADER>0000947871-19-000971.hdr.sgml : 20191216
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20191216170008
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000947871-19-000971
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		16
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20191216
ITEM INFORMATION:		Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20191216
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20191216

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001062231
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	MOTOR VEHICLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES [3714]
		IRS NUMBER:				383161171
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-14303
		FILM NUMBER:		191287894

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE DAUCH DRIVE
		CITY:			DETROIT
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48211-1198
		BUSINESS PHONE:		3137583600

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE DAUCH DRIVE
		CITY:			DETROIT
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48211-1198
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>ss160319_8k.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CURRENT REPORT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31" xmlns:ref="http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2019-01-31" xmlns:us-roles="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2019-01-31" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2017-01-31" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2019-01-31" xmlns:AXL="http://AXL/20191216">
<head>
     <title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html" /></head>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_021_US%2DGAAP%2D2019 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_037_AXL_AXL_20191216 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_04E_20191216_20191216 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_05D_edei%2D%2DEntityCentralIndexKey_0001062231 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_059_edei%2D%2DAmendmentFlag_false -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06B_USD_1_iso4217%2D%2DUSD -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_062_Shares_2_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06D_USDPShares_3_iso4217%2D%2DUSD_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<body style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<div style="display: none">
<ix:header>
  <ix:hidden>
    <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey">0001062231</ix:nonNumeric>
    <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:AmendmentFlag">false</ix:nonNumeric>
    <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" id="xdx2ixbrl0011" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">AMERICAN AXLE &#38; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC</ix:nonNumeric>
    </ix:hidden>
  <ix:references>
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="axl-20191216.xsd" xlink:type="simple" />
    </ix:references>
  <ix:resources>
    <xbrli:context id="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001062231</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2019-12-16</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2019-12-16</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:unit id="USD">
      <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="USDPShares">
      <xbrli:divide>
        <xbrli:unitNumerator>
          <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitNumerator>
        <xbrli:unitDenominator>
          <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitDenominator>
      </xbrli:divide>
    </xbrli:unit>
    </ix:resources>
  </ix:header>
</div>


<p style="margin: 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 100%"><div style="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt/12.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/12.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 22.5pt"><b>SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Washington, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 16pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 13.5pt"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_901_edei--DocumentType_c20191216__20191216_zZDwER4FjO4k"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 9pt"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"><b>Pursuant to Section
13 OR 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 42.5pt; text-align: center"><b>Date of report (Date of earliest
event reported</b>): <span id="xdx_90B_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20191216__20191216_zzo59C4tdpx6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">December 16, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in"><b><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityRegistrantName_dxL_c20191216__20191216_zyasnJMyu2L2" title="::XDX::AMERICAN%20AXLE%20%26%20MANUFACTURING%20HOLDINGS%20INC"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0011">AMERICAN AXLE &#38;
MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.</span></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified
in Its Charter)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 42.5pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_c20191216__20191216_zkxo89vgUW58"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Delaware</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 42.5pt; text-align: center">(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation)</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 49%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 3%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 48%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt"><span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityFileNumber_c20191216__20191216_zMxqak44kU42"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:EntityFileNumber">1-14303</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_c20191216__20191216_zOf5ewSVqd64"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">38-3161171</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="border-top: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">(Commission File Number)</td>
    <td style="line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">(IRS Employer Identification No.)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt"><span id="xdx_903_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20191216__20191216_zwgJu5Agx5K5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">One Dauch Drive</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_904_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20191216__20191216_z7Qp5pBtah9l"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Detroit</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20191216__20191216_zzZkSMJaBGg1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">Michigan</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt"><span id="xdx_901_edei--EntityAddressPostalZipCode_c20191216__20191216_zoUsWrMVQrc9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode">48211-1198</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">(Address of Principal Executive Offices)</td>
    <td style="line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">(Zip Code)</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td colspan="3">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;(<span id="xdx_902_edei--CityAreaCode_c20191216__20191216_zGWzIos3E7s7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:CityAreaCode">313</ix:nonNumeric></span>)&#160;<span id="xdx_905_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20191216__20191216_zvUgNcaASk7b"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">758-2000</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">(Registrant&#8217;s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 12.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended
to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span id="xdx_902_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20191216__20191216_zRVmG7Siaini"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span> Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the
Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span id="xdx_904_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20191216__20191216_zsvrXlhZqFmi"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span> Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the
Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span id="xdx_905_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20191216__20191216_zCkyUT31GuKj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span> Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b)
under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span id="xdx_900_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20191216__20191216_zW87cmWQMec4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span> Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c)
under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 12.5pt">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 98%; text-align: right; line-height: 12.5pt">Emerging growth company&#160; </td>
    <td style="width: 2%"><span id="xdx_907_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20191216__20191216_zmwgEwMKOaw7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 12.5pt">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.</td>
    <td>&#9744;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/15pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 43%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 39%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">Title of each class</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">Trading Symbol(s)</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt">Name of each exchange on which registered</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt"><span id="xdx_90C_edei--Security12bTitle_c20191216__20191216_zQ2N99UiATX9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt"><span id="xdx_905_edei--TradingSymbol_c20191216__20191216_zMIlqVNqSpPd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" name="dei:TradingSymbol">AXL</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 12.5pt"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20191216__20191216_zCz2lTnXnHBg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">New York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify"><b></b></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; width: 100%"><div style="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify"><b></b></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <div style="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 34%; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify"><b>Item 2.01 &#8211; Completion of
Acquisition or Disposition of Assets</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">On December 16, 2019, American
Axle &#38; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">AAM</span>&#8221;), completed the previously
announced sale (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Sale</span>&#8221;) of the entities that operate AAM&#8217;s U.S. iron casting operations pursuant
to the terms of a Unit Purchase Agreement (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Purchase Agreement</span>&#8221;), dated as of September 18, 2019, by
and among AAM, Grede AcquisitionCo, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Purchaser</span>&#8221;), and, for certain
limited purposes, Grede TopCo, Inc., a Delaware corporation (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">TopCo</span>&#8221;). AAM received net proceeds of
approximately $141.2 million in cash from the Sale, which are subject to customary post-closing adjustments, as well as a
$60.0 million deferred payment obligation. Except in the case of certain acceleration events, TopCo will have twelve years
after the closing of the Sale to pay (or cause to be paid) the deferred payment of $60.0 million which will accrue interest
at the rate of 6% per annum from January 1, 2020. The Sale did not include the entities that conduct AAM&#8217;s iron casting
operations in El Carmen, Mexico. The Purchaser and TopCo are entities affiliated with Gamut Capital Management, L.P.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">The foregoing description of the Purchase
Agreement does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the Purchase Agreement
filed as Exhibit 2.1 to AAM&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 18,
2019, which is incorporated herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">The Purchase Agreement has been included
to provide investors and security holders with information regarding its terms. It is not intended to provide any financial or
other information about AAM, the Purchaser or their respective subsidiaries and affiliates. The representations, warranties and
covenants contained in the Purchase Agreement were made only for purposes of that agreement and as of specific dates, were solely
for the benefit of the parties to the Purchase Agreement, may be subject to important qualifications and limitations agreed upon
by the parties thereto, including being qualified by confidential disclosures made for the purposes of allocating contractual risk
between the parties to the Purchase Agreement instead of establishing these matters as facts, and may be subject to standards of
materiality applicable to the contracting parties that differ from those applicable to investors and security holders. AAM&#8217;s
investors and security holders should not rely on the representations, warranties and covenants or any description thereof as characterizations
of the actual state of facts or condition of AAM, the Purchaser or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates. Moreover,
information concerning the subject matter of the representations, warranties and covenants may have changed after the date of the
Purchase Agreement, which subsequent information may or may not be fully reflected in public disclosures by AAM.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify"><b>Item 7.01 Regulation FD Disclosure</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">On December 16, 2019, AAM issued a press
release announcing the closing of the Sale. A copy of this press release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 hereto and is incorporated
herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">The information furnished in this Item
7.01 and Exhibit 99.1 is being furnished pursuant to Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and shall not be deemed &#8220;filed&#8221; for purposes
of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Exchange Act</span>&#8221;), is not subject to the
liabilities of that section and is not deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
or the Exchange Act.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify"><b>Forward-Looking Statements</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">This report may contain forward-looking
statements including, without limitation, statements with respect to the transaction and the anticipated consequences and benefits
of the transaction and other information relating to matters that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements involve
certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these statements.
These risks and uncertainties include the factors detailed from time to time in the reports we file with the SEC, including those
described under &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this report. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to disseminate any updates
or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or
any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b></b></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2 -->
    <div style="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 34%; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify"><b>Item 9.01 &#8211; Financial Statements
and Exhibits</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">(b) Pro forma financial information</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">Unaudited pro forma condensed financial
information of American Axle &#38; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc. giving effect to the Sale and related notes thereto, including
such information required by Article 11 of Regulation S-X, is attached as Exhibit 99.2 and incorporated herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">(d) Exhibits</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><b>Exhibit Number</b></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><b>Description of Exhibit</b></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1062231/000094787119000689/ss149278_ex0201.htm">2.1</a></td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1062231/000094787119000689/ss149278_ex0201.htm">Unit Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 18, 2019, by and among American Axle &#38; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., Grede AcquisitionCo, Inc. and, for certain limited purposes, Grede TopCo, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to American Axle &#38; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc.&#8217;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on September 18, 2019).</a></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><a href="ss160319_ex9901.htm">99.1</a></td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><a href="ss160319_ex9901.htm">Press Release issued by AAM on December 16, 2019.</a></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><a href="ss160319_ex9902.htm">99.2</a></td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><a href="ss160319_ex9902.htm">Unaudited pro forma condensed financial information.</a></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">104</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Cover Page Interactive File (cover page tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
    <div style="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 34%; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">SIGNATURES</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 24pt; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned
hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><b>AMERICAN AXLE &#38; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.</b></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td style="width: 50%">Date: December 16, 2019</td>
    <td style="width: 5%">By:</td>
    <td style="width: 45%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ David E. Barnes</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>Name:&#9;</td>
    <td>David E. Barnes</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>Title:</td>
    <td>Vice President &#38; General Counsel</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 30pt; text-align: left"><b><br />
<br />
</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 3in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 3in">&#9;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 3in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 3in"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4 -->
    <div style="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 34%; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 3in">&#160;</p>



<p style="margin: 0"></p>

</body>
</html>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_08B_extensions -->
<!-- eJxFjd0KwjAMhZ9g7xB6LW4dU3CXDhVxiowh3pYtSnFrRlr/Hsm3tNsQQyAkJ985QkzEhta6QYbzssihxLZrlEMo8IKMpkL/kW13KfhZ4FVbx8q4Yf2BGXkGPTObysrfh8+HtlinIONQzkO5gChJkwSOexH0ekbmoms0TqsGlKnhyNSxRqf4PTqU6kWG2veQdEK2moy3m0aj/IE4kjEc6KGexDcLeZ6JYDJUIDZM966PuVtHLawabH2WHdF/B1/g9Ekf -->
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ss160319_ex9901.htm
<DESCRIPTION>PRESS RELEASE
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: left"><IMG SRC="image01.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: left"><B><BR>
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%">
<TR>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 16pt/150% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right; color: #003E62"><B>IMMEDIATE RELEASE</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 16pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 16pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 16pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000"><B>AAM CLOSES
SALE OF U.S. IRON CASTING OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 15pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000"><B>DETROIT,
December 16, 2019</B> - American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc. (AAM), (NYSE: AXL) announced today that it has closed
the previously announced sale of its U.S. iron casting operations (&ldquo;Grede&rdquo;) to funds managed by Gamut Capital Management.
AAM received net cash proceeds of approximately $141.2 million from the sale, which are subject to customary post-closing adjustments,
as well as a $60.0 million deferred payment obligation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000"><B>Forward-Looking Statements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">This report may contain forward-looking
statements including, without limitation, statements with respect to the transaction and the anticipated consequences and benefits
of the transaction and other information relating to matters that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements involve
certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these
statements. These risks and uncertainties include the factors detailed from time to time in the reports we file with the SEC,
including those described under &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and our Quarterly Reports on Form
10-Q. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking
to disseminate any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations
with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000"><B>About AAM</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">AAM (NYSE:AXL) delivers POWER
that moves the world. As a leading global tier 1 automotive supplier, AAM designs, engineers and manufactures driveline and metal
forming technologies that are making the next generation of vehicles smarter, lighter, safer and more efficient. Headquartered
in Detroit, AAM has over 20,000 associates operating at nearly 80 facilities in 17 countries to support our customers on global
and regional platforms with a focus on quality, operational excellence and technology leadership.&nbsp; To learn more, visit aam.com.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">###</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000"><B>For more information:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 5pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000"><B><U>Investor Contact:</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">Jason P.
Parsons</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">Director,
Investor Relations</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: #000000">(313) 758-2404</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: Blue"><U>jason.parsons@aam.com</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><U>Media Contact:</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 5pt">Christopher M. Son<BR>
Vice President, Marketing &amp; Communications<BR>
(313) 758-4814<BR>
<FONT STYLE="color: Blue"><U>chris.son@aam.com</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial Narrow, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">Or visit the AAM website at <FONT STYLE="color: Blue"><U>www.aam.com</U></FONT>.</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: left"><B><IMG SRC="image02.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: left"><B></B></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ss160319_ex9902.htm
<DESCRIPTION>UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 99.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.25in">On December 16, 2019, American Axle &amp;
Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (&ldquo;<U>AAM</U>&rdquo;), completed the previously announced sale (the &ldquo;<U>Sale</U>&rdquo;)
of the entities that operate AAM&rsquo;s U.S. iron casting operations (the &ldquo;<U>Grede Business</U>&rdquo;) pursuant to the
terms of a Unit Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 18, 2019, by and among AAM, Grede AcquisitionCo, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
and, for certain limited purposes, Grede TopCo, Inc., a Delaware corporation (&ldquo;<U>TopCo</U>&rdquo;). AAM received net proceeds
of approximately $141.2 million in cash from the Sale, which are subject to customary post-closing adjustments, as well as a $60.0
million deferred payment obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The following unaudited pro forma condensed
financial statements (the &ldquo;<U>Pro Forma Financial Statements</U>&rdquo;) have been prepared to illustrate the effect of the
Sale on AAM&rsquo;s historical consolidated financial statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Pro Forma Financial Statements are
for informational purposes only. They do not purport to indicate the results that would actually have been obtained had the Sale
been completed on the assumed date or for the periods presented, or to indicate the results that may be realized in the future.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.25in">The Pro Forma Financial Statements are
subject to the assumptions and adjustments described in the accompanying notes below. The assumptions and adjustments are based
on information presently available. Actual adjustments may differ materially from the information presented. Additionally, the
Pro Forma Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&bull;</TD><TD>AAM&rsquo;s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the nine months ended September
30, 2019 included in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2019; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&bull;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">AAM&rsquo;s audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying
notes for the year ended December 31, 2018 included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->1<!-- Field: /Sequence -->&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Holdings,
Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PRO FORMA CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 7pt; text-align: center"><B>As of September 30, 2019</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 9pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Historical</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">(in millions)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">AAM</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Pro Forma Adjustments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Adjusted</P>
                                                                                <P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">AAM</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Current assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; text-align: right">375.1</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; text-align: right">135.5</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">A1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; text-align: right">510.6</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts receivable, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">976.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">976.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Inventories, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">403.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">403.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepaid expenses and other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">130.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">130.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current assets held-for-sale</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">312.2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(312.2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">A2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Total current assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,198.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(176.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,021.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Property, plant and equipment, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,326.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,326.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Deferred income taxes</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">61.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">61.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Goodwill</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,127.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,127.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Other intangible assets, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">881.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">881.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">GM postretirement cost sharing asset</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">223.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">223.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other assets and deferred charges</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">497.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">60.0</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">A3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">557.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total assets</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">7,316.3</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(116.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">7,199.6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Liabilities and Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current portion of long-term debt</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">23.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">23.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accounts payable</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">703.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">703.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued compensation and benefits</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">165.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">165.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deferred revenue</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">22.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">22.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Accrued expenses and other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">220.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">220.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Current liabilities held-for-sale</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">101.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(101.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">A2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Total current liabilities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,237.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(101.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,135.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Long-term debt, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3,673.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3,673.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Deferred revenue</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">83.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">83.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Deferred income taxes</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">21.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">21.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Postretirement benefits and other long-term liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">891.6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">891.6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Total liabilities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5,906.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(101.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5,805.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 11pt">Common stock, par value</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 11pt">Paid-in capital</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,310.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,310.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 11pt">Retained earnings</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">703.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(12.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>A4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">690.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 11pt">Treasury stock</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(209.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(209.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 11pt">Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 22pt">Defined benefit plans, net of tax</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(241.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(2.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>A5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(243.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 22pt">Foreign currency translation adjustments</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(131.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(131.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 22pt">Unrecognized loss on cash flow hedges, net of tax</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(25.8</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(25.8</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Total AAM stockholders&rsquo; equity</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,406.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(15.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,391.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2.8</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2.8</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Total stockholders&rsquo; equity</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,409.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(15.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,394.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total liabilities and stockholders&rsquo; equity</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">7,316.3</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(116.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">7,199.6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->2<!-- Field: /Sequence -->&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"><I></I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Holdings,
Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PRO FORMA CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 7pt; text-align: center"><B>For the Nine Months Ended September
30, 2019</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Historical</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">(in millions)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">AAM</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Pro Forma Adjustments</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Adjusted AAM</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">5,100.9</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">(509.2</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 4%; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">4,591.7</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Cost of goods sold</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,381.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(492.1</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,889.6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">719.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(17.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">702.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">274.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(9.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">264.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Amortization of intangible assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">73.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(8.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">64.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Impairment charge</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">225.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(225.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Restructuring and acquisition-related costs</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">36.0</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1.4</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">34.6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Operating income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">109.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">228.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">337.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Interest expense</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(163.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(0.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(164.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Investment income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A7</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">6.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Other expense, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Debt refinancing and redemption costs</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(7.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(7.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other, net</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(9.0</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.4</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(9.4</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Income (loss) before income taxes</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(67.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">229.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">162.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Income tax expense (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(37.4</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">48.2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A8</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">10.8</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Net income (loss)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(29.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">181.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">151.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.4</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.4</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net income (loss) attributable to AAM</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">(30.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">181.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right;">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">151.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Basic earnings (loss) per share</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">(0.27</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.57</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right;"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A9</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.30</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Diluted earnings (loss) per share</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">(0.27</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.56</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right;"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A9</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.29</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence -->&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><I></I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Holdings,
Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PRO FORMA CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 7pt; text-align: center"><B>For the Year Ended December 31, 2018</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Historical</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">(in millions)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">AAM</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Pro Forma Adjustments</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Adjusted AAM</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">7,270.4</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">(741.3</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 4%; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">6,529.1</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Cost of goods sold</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">6,130.0</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(724.9</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5,405.1</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,140.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(16.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,124.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">385.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(15.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">369.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Amortization of intangible assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">99.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(13.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">86.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Goodwill impairment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">485.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(313.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">172.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Restructuring and acquisition-related costs</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">78.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">77.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Gain on sale of business</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(15.5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(15.5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Operating income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">106.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">327.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">433.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Interest expense</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(216.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(217.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Investment income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A7</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Debt refinancing and redemption costs</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(19.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(19.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gain on settlement of capital lease</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other, net</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2.2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1.6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A6</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3.8</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Income (loss) before income taxes</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(113.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">328.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">214.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Income tax expense (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(57.1</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">68.9</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A8</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">11.8</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Net income (loss)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(56.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">259.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">202.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net income (loss) attributable to AAM</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">(57.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">259.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right;">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">201.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Basic earnings (loss) per share</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">(0.51</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">2.25</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right;"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A9</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.74</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Diluted earnings (loss) per share</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">(0.51</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">2.24</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right;"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">A9</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.73</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence -->&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>NOTES TO PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.25in">AAM&rsquo;s historical consolidated financial
statements have been adjusted in the Pro Forma Financial Statements to give effect to pro forma events that are (1) directly attributable
to the Sale, (2) factually supportable, and (3) with respect to the unaudited pro forma condensed statements of operations (the
&ldquo;<U>Pro Forma Statements of Operations</U>&rdquo;), expected to have a continuing impact on the results of AAM. The unaudited
pro forma condensed balance sheet as of September 30, 2019 (the &ldquo;<U>Pro Forma Balance Sheet</U>&rdquo;) is based on the historical
unaudited consolidated balance sheet of AAM and the internally-prepared unaudited balance sheet of the Grede Business, and has
been prepared to reflect the Sale as if it occurred on September 30, 2019. The Pro Forma Statement of Operations for the nine months
ended September 30, 2019 is based on the historical unaudited consolidated statement of operations of AAM and the internally-prepared
unaudited statement of operations of the Grede Business for this period. The Pro Forma Statement of Operations for the year ended
December 31, 2018 is based on the historical audited consolidated statement of operations of AAM and the internally-prepared unaudited
statement of operations of the Grede Business for this period. The Pro Forma Statements of Operations give effect to the Sale as
if it occurred on January 1, 2018, the beginning of the earliest period presented.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B></B></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence -->&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>2. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Adjustments related to the Sale and the
derecognition of balances of the Grede Business from the AAM consolidated financial statements are reflected in the &ldquo;Pro
Forma Adjustments&rdquo; columns in the Pro Forma Financial Statements and are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Pro Forma Balance Sheet:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 7pt"><B>A1 </B>The following represents the calculation of the preliminary
adjustment to cash and cash equivalents:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"><B></B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: center"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 2pt 0 0; text-align: center"><B>September 30, 2019</B></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 2pt; text-align: center"><B>(in millions)</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: left">Cash proceeds from the Sale subsequent to customary closing adjustments</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right">141.2</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Payment of transaction costs</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(5.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Adjustment to cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">135.5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 7pt"><B>A2 </B>The following represents the assets and liabilities
of the Grede Business that were classified as held-for-sale in the September 30, 2019 historical balance sheet of AAM:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"><B></B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: center"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 2pt 0 0; text-align: center"><B>September 30, 2019</B></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 2pt; text-align: center"><B>(in millions)</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: left">Accounts receivable, net</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right">89.1</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Inventories</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">32.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses and other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Property, plant and equipment, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">184.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Intangible assets, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">158.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Other assets and deferred charges</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">71.0</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Impairment of carrying value</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(225.0</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total assets held-for-sale</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">312.2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Accounts payable</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">71.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Accrued compensation and benefits</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">6.8</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Accrued expenses and other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Postretirement benefits and other long-term liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">20.2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total liabilities held-for-sale</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">101.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 3pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>A3 </B>A portion of the consideration to be received by AAM
for the Sale is in the form of a deferred payment obligation of $60.0 million. Except in the case of certain acceleration events,
TopCo will have twelve years after the closing of the Sale to pay (or cause to be paid) the deferred payment of $60.0 million,
which will accrue interest at the rate of 6% per annum from January 1, 2020.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>A4</B> This represents the estimated loss on the Sale that
is included as an adjustment to Retained earnings but is not included in the Pro Forma Statement of Operations for the year ended
December 31, 2018 because it will not have a continuing impact on AAM after the Sale is completed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>A5</B> The Sale will result in the derecognition of approximately
$2.1 million of net deferred actuarial gains in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) associated with the Grede Business&rsquo;s
pension and other postretirement benefit plans.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence -->&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Pro Forma Statements of Operations</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>A6</B> This represents the adjustments to derecognize the
Grede Business activity from the historical AAM consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019
and the year ended December 31, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>A7</B> As noted in adjustment A3, $60.0 million of the consideration
received is in the form of a deferred payment obligation which will accrue interest at an annual rate of 6%, resulting in increased
Investment income of $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and $3.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>A8</B> This represents adjustments to income tax expense
(benefit) at the statutory rate of 21% in the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt/120% Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>A9</B> The adjustments to basic and diluted earnings (loss)
per share are calculated using weighted-average shares of 115.6 million and 116.0 million, respectively, for the nine months ended
September 30, 2019 and 115.0 million and 115.8 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2018.</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0">7</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>image01.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
begin 644 image01.jpg
M_]C_X  02D9)1@ ! 0$ 8 !@  #_X1#T17AI9@  34T *@    @ ! $[  (
M   .   (2H=I  0    !   (6)R=  $    <   0T.H<  <   @,    /@
M   <Z@    @
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M                                                 $UA<G1I;B!(
M=6=H97,   60 P "    %   $*:0!  "    %   $+J2D0 "     S X  "2
MD@ "     S X  #J'  '   (#   ")H     '.H    (
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
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MUM?8V=KAXN/DY>;GZ.GJ\?+S]/7V]_CY^O_$ !\!  ,! 0$! 0$! 0$
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MI+T0 -Y1DC<J P(__57 &-2>F*NFU;0BHG=7*X&"*D,P/ !I6@]&_.D:)E'
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M1#_SR3_OD4>1#_SR3_OD444 'D0_\\D_[Y%'D0_\\D_[Y%%% ""WA_YY1_\
M?(I?(A_YY)_WR*** #R(?^>2?]\BD,$/_/)/^^1110 HMX?^>,?_ 'R*/L\.
M/]5'_P!\BBB@0"WAR?W2?]\BCR(?^>2?]\BBB@8>1#_SR3_OD4OV>'_GDG_?
M(HHH :;>''^IC_[Y%*+>'_GDG_?(HHH$ MX?^>,?_?(H^SPY_P!3'_WR***
M$^SP[O\ 4Q_]\BE^SP_\\D_[Y%%% Q#;P_\ /&/_ +Y%+Y$/_/)/^^1110(/
M(A_YY)_WR*/(A_YY)_WR***!AY$/_/)/^^11Y$/_ #R3_OD444 'D0_\\D_[
MY%'D0_\ /)/^^1110 >1#_SR3_OD4>1#_P \D_[Y%%% !Y$/_/)/^^11Y$/_
M #R3_OD444 'D0_\\D_[Y%'D0_\ /)/^^1110 >1#_SR3_OD4>1#_P \D_[Y
M%%% !Y$/_/)/^^11Y$/_ #R3_OD444 'D0_\\D_[Y%'D0_\ /)/^^1110 >1
M#_SR3_OD4>1#_P \D_[Y%%% !Y$/_/)/^^11Y$/_ #R3_OD444 'D0_\\D_[
MY%'D0_\ /)/^^1110 >1#_SR3_OD4>1#_P \D_[Y%%% !Y$/_/)/^^11Y$/_
M #R3_OD444 !@A_YY)_WR*#;P_\ /&/_ +Y%%%  +>''^JC_ .^11Y$/_/)/
M^^1110 Z*WA\P?NH_P#OD5.MO#_SQC_[Y%%%(:&S6\.S_51]?[HJ V\.?]3'
M_P!\BBBA"8>1#_SR3_OD4&WAQ_JD_P"^1113$61;P[?]3'_WR*46\./]3'_W
MR***DHKM!#YA_=)U_NBF"WA_YXQ_]\BBBJ$6([>'R_\ 5)_WR*<;>'_GC'_W
MR***0Q?L\/'[F/\ [Y%'V>'_ )Y1_P#?(HHI (;>'G]S'_WR*%MX<?ZF/_OD
M444 1RV\.!^ZCZ_W147D0_\ /)/^^1113$)]GAX_<Q_]\BI8H(=Q_=)T_NBB
MB@$3"WAQ_J8_^^10;>':?W4?_?(HHI#*HMX<?ZF/_OD4"WA_YXQ_]\BBBJ$.
MCMX?,'[J/K_=%6/L\/\ SRC_ .^11128T!MX<C]S'_WR*K&"'<?W2=?[HHHH
M0,3R(?\ GDG_ 'R*!;P_\\H_^^1113$/CMX=_P#JD_[Y%3_9X?\ GC'_ -\B
MBBD-""WA_P">,?\ WR*7[/#_ ,\8_P#OD444 'V>'_GE'_WR*/L\/_/&/_OD
>444 02V\.X?N8_\ OD4PV\/_ #RC_P"^1110(__9

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>image02.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
begin 644 image02.jpg
M_]C_X  02D9)1@ ! 0$ 8 !@  #_X1#T17AI9@  34T *@    @ ! $[  (
M   .   (2H=I  0    !   (6)R=  $    <   0T.H<  <   @,    /@
M   <Z@    @
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M                                                 $UA<G1I;B!(
M=6=H97,   60 P "    %   $*:0!  "    %   $+J2D0 "     S4V  "2
MD@ "     S4V  #J'  '   (#   ")H     '.H    (
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
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MUM?8V=KAXN/DY>;GZ.GJ\?+S]/7V]_CY^O_$ !\!  ,! 0$! 0$! 0$
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M- #\T9IF:,T /S1FF9HS0 _-&:9FC- #\T9IF:,T /S1FF9HS0 _-&:9FC-
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M#3:!0 X&C=S3=V:-U #]U&ZF9H)S0 _-&:831GB@!^:*9GB@&@!V:,TW-&:
M'9HS3,TN: 'YS1G%1YI<T /S1FF;N*,\4 /W>E&:8#0#0 _=Z4;N:9GFC/-
M#RU(3BFDY-!^M #R>*,_+3<YHSB@!P/% --S1F@!PXHS3<T9H ?FDS3<T9H
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6B@!V:,TVB@!V:,TVB@!V:,TVB@#_V0$!

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>axl-20191216.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL SCHEMA FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.1c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: http://www.novaworks.co -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: +qs5w7xRiXgOn8uGaH9cOaqF+aPtzJJ96ZkhsmdzbfmK7ysqAa5EJi/Gat1GcakL -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2019-01-31" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2019-01-31" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2019-01-31" xmlns:AXL="http://AXL/20191216" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://AXL/20191216">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://AXL/role/Cover" id="Cover">
	  <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="axl-20191216_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="axl-20191216_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-types-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2017-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2017/country-2017-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2019-01-31" schemaLocation="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-types-2019-01-31.xsd" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>axl-20191216_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.1c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: http://www.novaworks.co -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodEndLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodEndLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodStartLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodStartLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTotalLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd#netLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" />
    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
    </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>axl-20191216_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.1c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: http://www.novaworks.co -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://AXL/role/Cover" xlink:href="axl-20191216.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://AXL/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="loc_deiCoverAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentType" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentType" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:presentationArc order="230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:presentationArc order="240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:presentationArc order="250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="loc_deiCountryRegion" />
      <link:presentationArc order="270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCountryRegion" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="loc_deiCityAreaCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="290" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="loc_deiExtension" />
      <link:presentationArc order="300" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiExtension" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" />
      <link:presentationArc order="310" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:presentationArc order="320" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="330" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="340" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="350" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="360" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_deiTradingSymbol" />
      <link:presentationArc order="370" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiTradingSymbol" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="380" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="390" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="400" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:presentationArc order="410" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:presentationArc order="420" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="430" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:presentationArc order="440" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="450" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="460" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:presentationArc order="470" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:presentationArc order="480" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="490" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:presentationArc order="500" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:presentationArc order="510" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="520" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="530" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:presentationArc order="540" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="550" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="560" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="570" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>0000947871-19-000971-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0000947871-19-000971-xbrl.zip
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M_7Q\(&/S_UT.]+$Y7VLHD;3#OU!+ P04    "  #B)!/L&)M2?P*  #?AP
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ML!B_P_P "S!HMQBSA11M6=$;<RP6.!/R'Z-B%$PRY(Z#$'#))7W2!1=-9;N
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M(E8+5U1P0UBD&8V^XRPV"4=XP:8S2:^(;(M2Q^/32AV&_TX%%K/IGMM5;YD
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M-D4J# &"9D9'Q*8PZBI'P5^0,+C/II^D;QF.GZ46!="L*-&IK;$#V!(1?,(
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MG,&R8]E@]LP) ?KMLJP9%@J.*O^%+Y"U,"3@ZBO3-/R7DC\:U4JU6/#[4MB
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M=4E*(;[8VM#3O]\%OB0U-Q5,VLN=6^]@@+^@3S[UTY V@WM(BI!JG&76 ;B
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M3XP["BX3?)_OU^@HL_+89&.0N!*02>A5?.4;UFF32^^DLRO>(;6*!:Z*TU:
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M>%&G_8JCYC5Q8&X&8&'<QKQ--6]TG&"L@:43<@*#D*EC,6^4F)WXS)\*4[]
M,O3_.E3EH=L_Y4YB"H=!J%L%"13S<32.^5$QJNO.R-T*G"M( _N1\>*%3@TU
MA?2P4&\AK0[#54>\( 3/Q/FEABZ7A]0N%KARR)JCN ETJI/Y&H GAC(.GJ[K
M.S:JE&[8LS=#92%O*XWL,U?NJNT*$/M:51G,ZQ^G*N4K/89*&CN  L%.W9.?
M1SL?LUOI[',V5!A$QV/3^,UEJTV*A3_$BN K/WZM,WLV2W@E.-)#GD&6W!K
ME'!&CEN)Y/I]Y);)AA!%8>WF C:$91FRRA_F=>/A'1F_:KY8P#C,CTW=EL>1
M,0?/JEG9%DV,HLU&7K2YAZ+-1EZTF87Y<1GKK$>6SP&Y]K>QU'\&:GW0&T[-
M\/^86["YL"^-)2POJCV9510%=II#-9I+3]1$G*4@RXY2% M^Y?_,IY*02\VV
MG;WD-XZ "#H\KG #BD <TI%*\_%=9#!<+$SCX$U#WM7!(@9%$!R""&<A8\ES
MT"[.&OI+$\'E(9P)77;#HU.QTIP2OXEXN1_]0ZHT0F\O$7>Q<!#R;D5.N87I
MIH807HN%*<2K'\;C+')@CDVFTA&%8U_\/W5^D(8;IXP'&Y<<!L"+ Q<8T>?@
M.GQ'*1KL N,N#^V"5U[[A;YX^(>OKUX9+JV94H8PVD2_PI_EAD= +/RI>F$G
M@M (K*7\8X(PL[1):;GV%@M+U!<[J"YT4*^TUG40RY[-<S^&@';YB.OY(TM2
M0K$ --:,"BB?'(V5?4^_+(24(H(+_ED@LCN:>SL8Y05B3=Y:*-#T1XEQB/<S
M&(?,D;B452OY&._+T\N'Z[]XON9[[\?=Q?\#4$L! A0#%     @  XB03_N/
MW.8\ P  <0P  !               ( !     &%X;"TR,#$Y,3(Q-BYX<V10
M2P$"% ,4    "  #B)!/L&)M2?P*  #?AP  %               @ %J P
M87AL+3(P,3DQ,C$V7VQA8BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    "  #B)!/Q9GL64\'   A
M60  %               @ &8#@  87AL+3(P,3DQ,C$V7W!R92YX;6Q02P$"
M% ,4    "  #B)!/VX@NA[\9  "5>@  #P              @ $9%@  <W,Q
M-C S,3E?.&LN:'1M4$L! A0#%     @  XB03XPY$!_[!P  GQL  !,
M         ( !!3   '-S,38P,S$Y7V5X.3DP,2YH=&U02P$"% ,4    "  #
MB)!/Y^,M ZX=  #=@@$ $P              @ $Q.   <W,Q-C S,3E?97@Y
=.3 R+FAT;5!+!08     !@ & ($!   05@     !

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "instance": {
  "ss160319_8k.htm": {
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "axisStandard": 0,
   "contextCount": 1,
   "dts": {
    "definitionLink": {
     "remote": [
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-eedm-def-2019-01-31.xml",
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-eedm1-def-2019-01-31.xml"
     ]
    },
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "ss160319_8k.htm"
     ]
    },
    "labelLink": {
     "local": [
      "axl-20191216_lab.xml"
     ],
     "remote": [
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-doc-2019-01-31.xml"
     ]
    },
    "presentationLink": {
     "local": [
      "axl-20191216_pre.xml"
     ]
    },
    "referenceLink": {
     "remote": [
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-ref-2019-01-31.xml"
     ]
    },
    "schema": {
     "local": [
      "axl-20191216.xsd"
     ],
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd",
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-roles-2019-01-31.xsd",
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref-2006-02-27.xsd",
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-types-2019-01-31.xsd",
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-roles-2019-01-31.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2017/country-2017-01-31.xsd",
      "http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-types-2019-01-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/deprecated-2009-12-16.xsd"
     ]
    }
   },
   "elementCount": 59,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "hidden": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31": 3,
    "total": 3
   },
   "keyCustom": 0,
   "keyStandard": 97,
   "memberCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 0,
   "nsprefix": "AXL",
   "nsuri": "http://AXL/20191216",
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "firstAnchor": {
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "baseRef": "ss160319_8k.htm",
      "contextRef": "From2019-12-16to2019-12-16",
      "decimals": null,
      "first": true,
      "lang": "en-US",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "reportCount": 1,
      "unique": true,
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false"
     },
     "groupType": "document",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "longName": "00000001 - Document - Cover",
     "role": "http://AXL/role/Cover",
     "shortName": "Cover",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "baseRef": "ss160319_8k.htm",
      "contextRef": "From2019-12-16to2019-12-16",
      "decimals": null,
      "first": true,
      "lang": "en-US",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "reportCount": 1,
      "unique": true,
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false"
     }
    }
   },
   "segmentCount": 0,
   "tag": {
    "dei_AmendmentDescription": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Description of changes contained within amended document.",
        "label": "Amendment Description"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AmendmentDescription",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType"
    },
    "dei_AmendmentFlag": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.",
        "label": "Amendment Flag"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AmendmentFlag",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_AnnualInformationForm": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing an annual information form.",
        "label": "Annual Information Form"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AnnualInformationForm",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing audited financial statements.",
        "label": "Audited Annual Financial Statements"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_CityAreaCode": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Area code of city",
        "label": "City Area Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CityAreaCode",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_CountryRegion": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Region code of country",
        "label": "Country Region"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CountryRegion",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_CoverAbstract": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Cover page.",
        "label": "Cover [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CoverAbstract",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType"
    },
    "dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.",
        "label": "Current Fiscal Year End Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CurrentFiscalYearEndDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "gMonthDayItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentAccountingStandard": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing This can either be 'U.S. GAAP', 'International Financial Reporting Standards', or 'Other'.",
        "label": "Document Accounting Standard"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentAccountingStandard",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "accountingStandardItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentAnnualReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report.",
        "label": "Document Annual Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentAnnualReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.",
        "label": "Document Fiscal Period Focus"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "fiscalPeriodItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.",
        "label": "Document Fiscal Year Focus"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalYearFocus",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "gYearItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.",
        "label": "Document Period End Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodEndDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The start date of the period covered in the document, in CCYY-MM-DD format.",
        "label": "Document Period Start Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodStartDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r9"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report.",
        "label": "Document Quarterly Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentQuarterlyReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a registration statement.",
        "label": "Document Registration Statement"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentRegistrationStatement",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Date of event requiring a shell company report.",
        "label": "Document Shell Company Event Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyEventDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true for a Shell Company Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Document Shell Company Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentTransitionReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.",
        "label": "Document Transition Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentTransitionReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentType": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.",
        "label": "Document Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Documents incorporated by reference.",
        "label": "Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name",
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line One"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine1",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number",
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Two"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine2",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Address Line 3 such as an Office Park",
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Three"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine3",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of the City or Town",
        "label": "Entity Address, City or Town"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressCityOrTown",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCountry": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code.",
        "label": "Entity Address, Country"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressCountry",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "countryCodeItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Code for the postal or zip code",
        "label": "Entity Address, Postal Zip Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressPostalZipCode",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of the state or province.",
        "label": "Entity Address, State or Province"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressStateOrProvince",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "stateOrProvinceItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "For registrants involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years, the value Yes indicates that the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court; the value No indicates the registrant has not.  Registrants not involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years should not report this element.",
        "label": "Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.",
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.",
        "label": "Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.",
        "label": "Entity Current Reporting Status"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityCurrentReportingStatus",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.",
        "label": "Entity Emerging Growth Company"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityEmergingGrowthCompany",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r18"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards.",
        "label": "Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityExTransitionPeriod",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityFileNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.",
        "label": "Entity File Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityFileNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityFilerCategory": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.",
        "label": "Entity Filer Category"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityFilerCategory",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "filerCategoryItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.",
        "label": "Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "edgarStateCountryItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r16"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).",
        "label": "Entity Interactive Data Current"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityInteractiveDataCurrent",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Primary Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Number for the Entity.",
        "label": "Entity Primary SIC Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityPrimarySicNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "sicNumberItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityPublicFloat": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "crdr": "credit",
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.",
        "label": "Entity Public Float"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityPublicFloat",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.",
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityShellCompany": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Entity Shell Company"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityShellCompany",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntitySmallBusiness": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).",
        "label": "Entity Small Business"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntitySmallBusiness",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.",
        "label": "Entity Tax Identification Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityTaxIdentificationNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "employerIdItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.",
        "label": "Entity Voluntary Filers"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityVoluntaryFilers",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.",
        "label": "Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_Extension": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Extension number for local phone number.",
        "label": "Extension"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "Extension",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_LocalPhoneNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Local phone number for entity.",
        "label": "Local Phone Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "LocalPhoneNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a security having no trading symbol.",
        "label": "No Trading Symbol Flag"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "NoTradingSymbolFlag",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "\"Item 17\" or \"Item 18\" specified when the basis of accounting is neither US GAAP nor IFRS.",
        "label": "Other Reporting Standard Item Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "OtherReportingStandardItemNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "otherReportingStandardItemNumberItemType"
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Pre-commencement Tender Offer"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "PreCommencementTenderOffer",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_Security12bTitle": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(b) registered security.",
        "label": "Title of 12(b) Security"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "Security12bTitle",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType"
    },
    "dei_Security12gTitle": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(g) registered security.",
        "label": "Title of 12(g) Security"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "Security12gTitle",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType"
    },
    "dei_SecurityExchangeName": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.",
        "label": "Security Exchange Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "SecurityExchangeName",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "edgarExchangeCodeItemType"
    },
    "dei_SecurityReportingObligation": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "15(d), indicating whether the security has a reporting obligation under that section of the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Security Reporting Obligation"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "SecurityReportingObligation",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "securityReportingObligationItemType"
    },
    "dei_SolicitingMaterial": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Soliciting Material"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "SolicitingMaterial",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_TradingSymbol": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.",
        "label": "Trading Symbol"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "TradingSymbol",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "tradingSymbolItemType"
    },
    "dei_WrittenCommunications": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r17"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-US": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.",
        "label": "Written Communications"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "WrittenCommunications",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    }
   },
   "unitCount": 3
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b"
  },
  "r1": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-23"
  },
  "r10": {
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "220",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r11": {
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "240",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r12": {
   "Name": "Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "a-1-"
  },
  "r13": {
   "Name": "Forms 10-K, 20-F, 40-F",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "15",
   "Subsection": "d-1"
  },
  "r14": {
   "Name": "Forms 20-F, 40-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "220 and 240",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r15": {
   "Name": "Regulation 12B",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2"
  },
  "r16": {
   "Name": "Regulation S-T",
   "Number": "232",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "405"
  },
  "r17": {
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "425"
  },
  "r18": {
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "7A",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "B",
   "Subsection": "2"
  },
  "r2": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "d1-1"
  },
  "r3": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "g"
  },
  "r4": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12, 13, 15d"
  },
  "r5": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "13e",
   "Subsection": "4c"
  },
  "r6": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "14d",
   "Subsection": "2b"
  },
  "r7": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "15",
   "Subsection": "d"
  },
  "r8": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "14a",
   "Subsection": "12"
  },
  "r9": {
   "Name": "Form 10-Q",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "a-13"
  }
 },
 "version": "2.1"
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>ss160319_8k_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31"
  xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="axl-20191216.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001062231</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2019-12-16</startDate>
            <endDate>2019-12-16</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <unit id="USD">
        <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Shares">
        <measure>shares</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="USDPShares">
        <divide>
            <unitNumerator>
                <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
            </unitNumerator>
            <unitDenominator>
                <measure>shares</measure>
            </unitDenominator>
        </divide>
    </unit>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">0001062231</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16" id="xdx2ixbrl0011">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:DocumentType contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">8-K</dei:DocumentType>
    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">2019-12-16</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">DE</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">1-14303</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">38-3161171</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1 contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">One Dauch Drive</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">Detroit</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">MI</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">48211-1198</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">313</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">758-2000</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:WrittenCommunications contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">false</dei:WrittenCommunications>
    <dei:SolicitingMaterial contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">AXL</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="From2019-12-16to2019-12-16">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
..report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

..report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

..report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

..report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
..pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
..report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

..report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
..report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

..report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

..report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

..report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

..report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

..report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
..report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
..report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
..report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

..report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
..report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

..report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

..report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
..report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
..report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

..report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

..report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
..report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

..report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

..report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

..report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

..report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

..report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>16
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 Financial_Report.xlsx
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MMWF\81AU8\K(XK%T-8943OTJDH\ Q:X831F:3LTXXFBD(3^ G/,6+V2?$9/
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MZP^_J[ ;C-W;?VQ\$90M_+H+^0502P,$%     @  XB03YE<G",0!@  G"<
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M.AQG0GS/]O:1I24RS^_Y"NM./&<?5I:P7<_/Y)Z,<B.[W?98??9/1VXCUZG
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MCF9$;-A1^2??%VV['Q5,;>J2UTH^FJR^@9*(?_@X^.B/_P!02P,$%     @
M XB03[JA.8K7 0  ,@8   T   !X;"]S='EL97,N>&ULU55;B]4P$/XK(3_
MG';9!:4MZ,*"H+*PY\'7M)VV@=Q,I\=V?[U)T]O1!_'@@[XT,]],OOERF33K
M<9+PT@$@&974?4X[1/N.L;[J0/'^C;&@?:0Q3G'TKFM9;QWPN@^3E&3IZ?3
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M     %]R96QS+RYR96QS4$L! A0#%     @  XB03R?HAPZ"    L0   !
M             ( !Z0   &1O8U!R;W!S+V%P<"YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    "  #
MB)!/>$78V>\    K @  $0              @ &9 0  9&]C4')O<',O8V]R
M92YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    "  #B)!/F5R<(Q &  "<)P  $P
M@ &W @  >&PO=&AE;64O=&AE;64Q+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    (  .(D$\E6!L;
MG0(  ),+   8              "  ?@(  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T
M,2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    "  #B)!/EB.?MV,"  #Z!0  %
M@ '+"P  >&PO<VAA<F5D4W1R:6YG<RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    "  #B)!/NJ$Y
MBM<!   R!@  #0              @ %@#@  >&PO<W1Y;&5S+GAM;%!+ 0(4
M Q0    (  .(D$\P _>^-P$  "("   /              "  6(0  !X;"]W
M;W)K8F]O:RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    "  #B)!/_\ F"+T   "% @  &@
M        @ '&$0  >&PO7W)E;',O=V]R:V)O;VLN>&UL+G)E;'-02P$"% ,4
M    "  #B)!/"X_8 R$!  !7!   $P              @ &[$@  6T-O;G1E
C;G1?5'EP97-=+GAM;%!+!08     "@ * ( "   -%      !

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>17
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.3.a.u2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6630293376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 16, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Dec. 16,  2019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-14303<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001062231<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">38-3161171<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">One Dauch Drive<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Detroit<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MI<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">48211-1198<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">313<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">758-2000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">AXL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>18
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.19.3.a.u2</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>1</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>97</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>false</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>0</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>3</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="ss160319_8k.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000001 - Document - Cover</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://AXL/role/Cover</Role>
      <ShortName>Cover</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File doctype="8-K" original="ss160319_8k.htm">ss160319_8k.htm</File>
    <File>axl-20191216.xsd</File>
    <File>axl-20191216_lab.xml</File>
    <File>axl-20191216_pre.xml</File>
    <File>ss160319_ex9901.htm</File>
    <File>ss160319_ex9902.htm</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy>http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019-01-31</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>true</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>false</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
