<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000947871-21-000701.txt : 20210614
<SEC-HEADER>0000947871-21-000701.hdr.sgml : 20210614
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210614170856
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000947871-21-000701
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20210611
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210614
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210614

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001062231
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	MOTOR VEHICLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES [3714]
		IRS NUMBER:				383161171
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-14303
		FILM NUMBER:		211015398

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE DAUCH DRIVE
		CITY:			DETROIT
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48211-1198
		BUSINESS PHONE:		3137583600

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE DAUCH DRIVE
		CITY:			DETROIT
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48211-1198
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="font: 14pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 14pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, DC 20549</b></p>

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<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT PURSUANT</b></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE</b></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></p>

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<br />
<span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 120%">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously
satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (<i>see </i>General Instruction A.2. below):</span></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font: 11pt Arial Unicode MS,serif"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20210611__20210611_zJbWwS8HYOf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;
Written communications pursuant to Rule&#160;425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) </span></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font: 11pt Arial Unicode MS,serif"><span id="xdx_902_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20210611__20210611_zXOd7uEcjmta"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule&#160;14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) </span></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font: 11pt Arial Unicode MS,serif"><span id="xdx_907_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20210611__20210611_zqz3uV7xHSXf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) </span></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font: 11pt Arial Unicode MS,serif"><span id="xdx_905_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20210611__20210611_zTuR4WCrioH7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</p>

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<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth
company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Emerging growth company&#160; <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS,serif"><span id="xdx_908_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20210611__20210611_zdonEt2B9rGh"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant
to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160; <span style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS,serif">&#9744;</span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="width: 96px"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 1.01.</b></span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On June 11, 2021, American Axle &amp; Manufacturing
Holdings, Inc. (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Holdings</span>&#8221;), American Axle &amp; Manufacturing, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">AAM</span>&#8221;),
and certain subsidiaries of Holdings (solely for the purpose of reaffirming obligations and liens) entered into the Agreement (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Agreement</span>&#8221;),
among AAM, as borrower, Holdings, such subsidiaries of Holdings, each financial institution party thereto as a lender and JPMorgan Chase
Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Administrative Agent</span>&#8221;), amending the Second Amendment dated as of April 28,
2020 (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Second Amendment</span>&#8221;) to the Credit Agreement dated as of April 6, 2017, among AAM, as borrower, Holdings,
each financial institution party thereto from time to time as a lender, and the Administrative Agent.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Agreement modified a covenant in the Second Amendment
restricting the ability of Holdings, AAM and certain subsidiaries of Holdings to make certain voluntary payments and distributions of
or in respect of certain senior unsecured notes of AAM during the period from April 1, 2020 through March 31, 2022, which modification
permits voluntary payments and redemptions of the 6.25% senior notes due 2025 issued by AAM.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A copy of the Agreement is included as Exhibit 10.1
hereto and is incorporated by reference herein. The foregoing description of the Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified
in its entirety by reference to the full text of the agreement.</p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The information in Item 1.01 of this Current Report is incorporated by
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(d)&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Exhibits</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 4pt; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.</p>

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<br />
<span style="font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2021</span></td>
    <td style="padding: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">By:&#160;&#160;</span></td>
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<DESCRIPTION>AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT AGREEMENT
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 10.1</B></P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><I>EXECUTION VERSION</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">AGREEMENT dated as of June 11, 2021 (this
&ldquo;<U>Agreement</U>&rdquo;), amending the SECOND AMENDMENT dated as of April 28, 2020 (the &ldquo;<U>Existing Second Amendment</U>&rdquo;,
and as amended or otherwise modified by this Agreement, the &ldquo;<U>Second Amendment</U>&rdquo;) to the CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of
April 6, 2017 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified prior to the date hereof, the &ldquo;<U>Credit Agreement</U>&rdquo;; capitalized
terms used and not defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement or the Existing Second Amendment,
as applicable), among AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Borrower</U>&rdquo;), AMERICAN AXLE
&amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<U>Parent</U>&rdquo;), the LENDERS party thereto and JPMORGAN CHASE
BANK, N.A., as Administrative Agent (the &ldquo;<U>Administrative Agent</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-indent: 1in">WHEREAS, the Borrower has requested that Section
3(i) of the Existing Second Amendment be amended as set forth herein; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-indent: 1in">WHEREAS, the Lenders party hereto, constituting
the requisite Lenders necessary to approve this Agreement, are willing to consent to such amendment to the Existing Second Amendment on
the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-indent: 1in">NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual
agreements herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency and receipt of which are hereby acknowledged, and
subject to the conditions set forth herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 1. <U>Rules of Interpretation.</U>
The rules of interpretation set forth in Section 1.03 of the Credit Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference herein, <U>mutatis</U>
<U>mutandis</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 2. <U>Amendment to the Existing
Second Amendment.</U> Section 3(i) of the Existing Second Amendment is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;neither the Parent nor the Borrower
shall, or shall permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any voluntary payment or other
distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of any of the Borrower&rsquo;s senior unsecured notes other
than the Existing Senior Notes described in clause (c) of the definition thereof set forth in the Existing Credit Agreement (the &ldquo;<U>Senior
Unsecured Notes</U>&rdquo;), or any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking
fund or similar deposit, on account of the repayment, repurchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of
any of the Senior Unsecured Notes, except (i) any refinancing of Senior Unsecured Notes with Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness, (ii)
regularly scheduled payments of principal or interest in respect thereof and (iii) payments or redemptions of the New Senior Notes described
in clause (a) of the definition thereof set forth in the Existing Credit Agreement (including for the avoidance of doubt payments of any
premium, interest or other costs payable in connection with payments or redemptions of such New Senior Notes).&rdquo;</P>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 3. <U>Representations and Warranties.</U>
The Borrower represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and to each of the Lenders that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(a) This Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby are within the corporate powers of each of the Borrower and the Parent and have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate
and, if required, stockholder action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(b) This Agreement has been duly executed
and delivered by each of the Borrower and the Parent and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of such Loan Party, enforceable
in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors&rsquo;
rights generally and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 4. <U>Effectiveness.</U> This Agreement
shall become effective as of the date first above written (the &ldquo;<U>Agreement Effective Date</U>&rdquo;) when:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(a) the Administrative Agent shall have received
counterparts of this Agreement, duly executed and delivered on behalf of (i) the Borrower, (ii) the Parent and (iii) the requisite Lenders
necessary to approve this Agreement, or as to any of the foregoing parties, advice reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent
that each of the foregoing parties has executed a counterpart of this Agreement;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(b) each of the representations and warranties
set forth in Section 3 hereof shall be true and correct as of the Agreement Effective Date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(c) The representations and warranties of
each Loan Party set forth in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, in the case of representations
and warranties qualified as to materiality, in all respects) on and as of the Agreement Effective Date, except to the extent any such
representation and warranty expressly relates to a prior date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct
in all material respects (or in all respects, as applicable) as of such earlier date;</P>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(d) At the time of and immediately after
giving effect to this Agreement, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(e) the Administrative Agent shall have received
a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower confirming compliance with the conditions set forth in paragraphs (b), (c) and
(d) of this Section 4; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 81pt; text-indent: 1in">(f) the Administrative Agent shall have received
payment of all expenses required to be paid or reimbursed by the Borrower under or in connection with this Agreement, including those
expenses set forth in Section 9 hereof, to the extent such expenses are invoiced at least one Business Day prior to the proposed Agreement
Effective Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 5. <U>Reaffirmation.</U> Each of
the Borrower, Parent and each other Loan Party hereby (a) reaffirms its obligations under the Credit Agreement and each other Loan Document
to which it is a party, in each case as modified by the Second Amendment, (b) reaffirms all Liens on the Collateral which have been granted
by it in favor of the Collateral Agent (for the benefit of the Secured Parties) pursuant to the Loan Documents and (c) acknowledges and
agrees that the guarantees of the Loan Parties contained in the Guarantee Agreement and the grants of security interests by the Loan Parties
contained in the Collateral Agreement and the other Security Documents are, and shall remain, in full force and effect in respect of,
and to secure, the Secured Obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 6. <U>Credit Agreement.</U> Except
as expressly set forth herein, this Agreement (a)&nbsp;shall not by implication or otherwise limit, impair, constitute a waiver of or
otherwise affect the rights and remedies of the Lenders, the Administrative Agent, the Borrower or any other Loan Party under the Credit
Agreement or any other Loan Document and (b)&nbsp;shall not alter, modify, amend or in any way affect any of the terms, conditions, obligations,
covenants or agreements contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document, all of which are ratified and affirmed in all respects
and shall continue in full force and effect. Nothing herein shall be deemed to entitle the Borrower or any other Loan Party to any future
consent to, or waiver, amendment, modification or other change of, any of the terms, conditions, obligations, covenants or agreements
contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document in similar or different circumstances. After the Agreement Effective Date,
any reference in the Loan Documents to the Second Amendment shall mean the Existing Second Amendment as modified hereby. This Agreement
shall constitute a &ldquo;Loan Document&rdquo; for all purposes of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents and, for the avoidance
of doubt, any breach of this Agreement by the Borrower or the Parent shall constitute an Event of Default.</P>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 7. <U>Applicable Law; Waiver of
Jury Trial.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-indent: 40.5pt">(a) <B>THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY CLAIM,
CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION (WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT OR OTHERWISE) BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT
AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-indent: 40.5pt">(b) <B>EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY AGREES
AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 9.10 OF THE CREDIT AGREEMENT AS IF SUCH SECTION WERE SET FORTH IN FULL HEREIN.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 8. <U>Counterparts; Amendment;
Effectiveness.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">(a) This Agreement may be executed in
counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which
when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by facsimile
transmission or other electronic imaging shall be effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement
may not be amended nor may any provision hereof be waived except pursuant to a writing signed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent
and the Lenders party hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">(b) The words &ldquo;execution&rdquo;,
&ldquo;signed&rdquo;, &ldquo;signature&rdquo;, &ldquo;delivery&rdquo; and words of like import in or relating to any document to be signed
in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be deemed to include any electronic sound, symbol or
process attached to, or associated with, a contract or other record and adopted by a Person with the intent to sign, authenticate or accept
such contract or record (each, an &ldquo;<U>Electronic Signature</U>&rdquo;), and deliveries or the keeping of records in electronic form,
each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof
or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including
the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act or any
other similar State laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act; <U>provided</U> that nothing herein shall require the Administrative
Agent to accept electronic signatures in any form or format without its prior written consent. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Borrower (i) agrees that, for all purposes, including in connection with any workout, restructuring, enforcement of remedies,
bankruptcy proceedings or litigation among the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Loan Parties, electronic images of this Agreement
(including with respect to any signature pages hereto) shall have the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as any paper original,
and (ii) waives any argument, defense or right to contest the validity or enforceability of this Agreement based solely on the lack of
paper original copies of this Agreement, including with respect to any signature pages hereto.</P>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 9. <U>Expenses.</U> The Borrower
agrees to reimburse the Administrative Agent for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with this Agreement to the extent
required under Section 9.03 of the Credit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 67.5pt; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 10. <U>Headings.</U> Section headings
used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and are not to affect the construction of, or to be
taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">[Signature Pages Follow]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>
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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-indent: 1in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused
this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC.</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-transform: uppercase"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>/s/ Shannon J. Curry</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">Name:&nbsp;&nbsp;Shannon J. Curry</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Title: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vice President &amp; Treasurer</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">Solely with respect to the provisions of Section 5 hereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 55%; padding-left: 5.35pt; font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">AAM International Holdings, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Auburn Hills Manufacturing, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Oxford Forge, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Colfor Manufacturing, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">AccuGear, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">MSP Industries Corporation</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Metaldyne Performance Group Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">MPG Holdco I Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Metaldyne BSM, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Metaldyne M&amp;A Bluffton, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Metaldyne Powertrain Components, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Metaldyne Sintered Ridgway, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Metaldyne SinterForged Products, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Punchcraft Machining and Tooling, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">HHI FormTech, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Jernberg Industries, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Impact Forge Group, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">ASP HHI Holdings, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">ASP HHI Acquisition Co., Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">ASP MD Holdings, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">MD Investors Corporation</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Metaldyne, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Gear Design and Manufacturing, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">AAM Powder Metal Components, Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">ASP Grede Intermediate Holdings LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">HHI Holdings, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">Rochester Manufacturing, LLC</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt; text-transform: uppercase">AAM Casting Corp.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.35pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -11pt; vertical-align: top; width: 8%; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 11.15pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 47%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/s/ Shannon J. Curry&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 11.15pt">&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name:&nbsp;&nbsp;Shannon J. Curry</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.15pt"></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.15pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Title: &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vice President &amp; Treasurer</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"></P>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.75pt; text-transform: uppercase">JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., <FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">individually and as Administrative Agent </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -11pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt"></FONT>By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>/s/ Gene Riego De Dios</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt">Name:&#9;Gene Riego De Dios</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">Title:&#9;Executive Director</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Brian Lukehart</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Brian Lukehart</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;&nbsp;Managing Director</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution: Barclays Bank PLC</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Robert Walsh</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -11pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0pt">Name: Robert Walsh</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -11pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0pt">Title:&nbsp;&nbsp;Assistant Vice President</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 202.5pt">For institutions that require a second signature:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Title:</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">ROYAL BANK OF CANADA</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Nikhil Madhok</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Nikhil Madhok</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Authorized Signatory</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">CITIBANK, N.A.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Matthew Burke</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Matthew Burke</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;Managing Director and Vice President</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 202.5pt">For institutions that require a second signature:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Title:</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 12 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">BMO Harris Bank N.A.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Andrew Berryman</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Andrew Berryman</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;Director</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 202.5pt">For institutions that require a second signature:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Title:</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Scott Neiderheide</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Scott Neiderheide</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;Senior Vice President</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Jeffrey S. Johnson</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Jeffrey S. Johnson</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Senior Vice President</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">CITIZENS BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Stephen A. Maenhout</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Stephen A. Maenhout</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 19.85pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Senior Vice President</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif">MIZUHO
BANK, LTD.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ <FONT STYLE="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif">Donna DeMagistris</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: <FONT STYLE="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif">Donna DeMagistris</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT,serif">Executive Director</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
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    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
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    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
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    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">The Huntington National Bank</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Steven J. McCormack</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Steven J. McCormack</TD></TR>
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    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Senior Vice President</TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 202.5pt">For institutions that require a second signature:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Title:</TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 18 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Brian P. Fox</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Brian P. Fox</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;Senior Vice President</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 19 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><U>LENDERS</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE AGREEMENT AMENDING THE SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE CREDIT
    AGREEMENT DATED AS OF APRIL 6, 2017, AMONG AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.,
    THE LENDERS AND ISSUING BANKS PARTY THERETO AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">Name of Institution:</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">HSBC BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">/s/ Kyle Patterson</TD></TR>
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    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Name: Kyle Patterson</TD></TR>
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    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt">Title:&nbsp;Senior Vice President</TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-transform: none">[Signature
Page to Agreement]</FONT></P>





<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: +qs5w7xRiXgOn8uGaH9cOaCPOaPtzJJ9SZkhsmd8belqfyklZ/Kfvy7zsV0GgZEI -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2021-01-31" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2021-01-31" xmlns:AXL="http://AXL/20210611" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://AXL/20210611">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://AXL/role/Cover" id="Cover">
	  <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="axl-20210611_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="axl-20210611_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2021/elts/us-gaap-2021-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2021/elts/us-types-2021-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2021" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2021/country-2021.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2021/elts/srt-2021-01-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2021/elts/srt-types-2021-01-31.xsd" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>axl-20210611_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.7a -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: http://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
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    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodEndLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodEndLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodStartLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodStartLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTotalLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd#netLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" />
    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>axl-20210611_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: http://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
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    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11">AXL</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="From2021-06-11to2021-06-11">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
</xbrl>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.21.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm139754760712024">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 11, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 11,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-14303<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001062231<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">38-3161171<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">One Dauch Drive<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Detroit<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MI<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">48211-1198<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(313)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">758-2000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">AXL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
