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Segment and Geographic Information | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
Segments, Geographical Areas [Abstract] |
Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block] | 17. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION Our business is organized into Driveline and Metal Forming segments, with each representing a reportable segment under ASC 280 - Segment Reporting. In the first quarter of 2021, we completed a reorganization of our segments, which included moving certain locations that were previously reported under our Driveline segment to our Metal Forming segment in order to better align our product and process technologies. The amounts in the tables below for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019 have been retrospectively recast to reflect this reorganization. In the fourth quarter of 2019, we completed the Casting Sale. The Casting Sale did not qualify for classification as discontinued operations, as it did not represent a strategic shift in our business that had a major effect on our operations and financial results. As such, we continue to present Casting as a segment in the tables below, which is comprised entirely of the U.S. casting operations that were included in the sale. The results of each segment are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker to assess the performance of the segment and make decisions regarding the allocation of resources. Our product offerings by segment are as follows: •Driveline products consist primarily of front and rear axles, driveshafts, differential assemblies, clutch modules, balance shaft systems, disconnecting driveline technology, and electric and hybrid driveline products and systems for light trucks, SUVs, crossover vehicles (CUVs), passenger cars and commercial vehicles; and •Metal Forming products consist primarily of axle and transmission shafts, ring and pinion gears, differential gears and assemblies, connecting rods and variable valve timing products for OEMs and Tier 1 automotive suppliers. We use Segment Adjusted EBITDA as the measure of earnings to assess the performance of each segment and determine the resources to be allocated to the segments. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization for our reportable segments, excluding the impact of restructuring and acquisition-related costs, debt refinancing and redemption costs, loss on the sale of a business, impairment charges, pension settlements, unrealized gains or losses on equity securities, and non-recurring items.
|  | Year Ended December 31, 2021
|  | Driveline |  | Metal Forming |  |  |  | Casting |  | Corporate and Eliminations |  | Total
|  | (in millions)
Sales |  | $ | 3,744.9 |  |  | $ | 1,762.2 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,507.1 |
Less: Intersegment sales |  | 3.4 |  |  | 347.1 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 350.5 |
Net external sales |  | $ | 3,741.5 |  |  | $ | 1,415.1 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,156.6 |
Segment adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 577.7 |  |  | $ | 255.6 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 833.3 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | $ | 301.9 |  |  | $ | 242.4 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 544.3 |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | 126.8 |  |  | $ | 50.5 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | 181.2 |
Total assets |  | $ | 2,925.6 |  |  | $ | 1,576.9 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,133.2 |  |  | $ | 5,635.7 |
|  | Year Ended December 31, 2020
|  | Driveline |  | Metal Forming |  |  |  | Casting |  | Corporate and Eliminations |  | Total
Sales |  | $ | 3,375.5 |  |  | $ | 1,652.0 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,027.5 |
Less: Intersegment sales |  | 2.9 |  |  | 313.8 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 316.7 |
Net external sales |  | $ | 3,372.6 |  |  | $ | 1,338.2 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,710.8 |
Segment adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 474.8 |  |  | $ | 245.0 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 719.8 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | $ | 306.1 |  |  | $ | 215.8 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 521.9 |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | 125.3 |  |  | $ | 81.9 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8.4 |  |  | $ | 215.6 |
Total assets |  | $ | 3,035.7 |  |  | $ | 1,680.3 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,200.3 |  |  | $ | 5,916.3 |
|  | Year Ended December 31, 2019
|  | Driveline |  | Metal Forming |  |  |  | Casting |  | Corporate and Eliminations |  | Total
Sales |  | $ | 4,220.4 |  |  | $ | 2,062.7 |  |  |  |  | $ | 669.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,952.3 |
Less: Intersegment sales |  | 11.3 |  |  | 368.6 |  |  |  |  | 41.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 421.4 |
Net external sales |  | $ | 4,209.1 |  |  | $ | 1,694.1 |  |  |  |  | $ | 627.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,530.9 |
Segment adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 579.0 |  |  | $ | 348.3 |  |  |  |  | $ | 43.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 970.3 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | $ | 288.0 |  |  | $ | 206.6 |  |  |  |  | $ | 42.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 536.9 |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | 250.3 |  |  | $ | 139.0 |  |  |  |  | $ | 28.5 |  |  | $ | 15.5 |  |  | $ | 433.3 |
Total assets |  | $ | 3,557.9 |  |  | $ | 2,120.9 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 965.8 |  |  | $ | 6,644.6 |
Assets included in the Corporate and Eliminations column of the tables above represent AAM corporate assets, as well as eliminations of intercompany assets. The following table represents a reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to consolidated income (loss) before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:
|  | Year Ended December 31,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
|  | (in millions)
Segment adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 833.3 |  |  | $ | 719.8 |  |  | $ | 970.3 |
Interest expense |  | (195.2) |  |  | (212.3) |  |  | (217.3) |
Depreciation and amortization |  | (544.3) |  |  | (521.9) |  |  | (536.9) |
Impairment charges |  | — |  |  | (510.0) |  |  | (665.0) |
Restructuring and acquisition-related costs |  | (49.4) |  |  | (67.2) |  |  | (57.8) |
Pension settlements |  | (42.3) |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | (9.8) |
Loss on sale of business |  | (2.7) |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (21.3) |
Gain on bargain purchase of business |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10.8 |
Unrealized gain on equity securities |  | 24.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Debt refinancing and redemption costs |  | (34.0) |  |  | (7.9) |  |  | (8.4) |
Malvern Fire charges, net of recoveries |  | 11.4 |  |  | (9.3) |  |  | — |
Other |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2.4 |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | (610.3) |  |  | $ | (533.0) |
Financial information relating to our operations by geographic area is presented in the following table. Net sales are attributed to countries based upon location of production. Long-lived assets exclude deferred income taxes.
| December 31,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
| (in millions)
Net sales |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 1,923.5 |  |  | $ | 1,816.7 |  |  | $ | 2,894.0 |
Mexico | 2,058.9 |  |  | 1,808.5 |  |  | 2,353.1 |
South America | 94.3 |  |  | 57.6 |  |  | 105.3 |
China | 299.6 |  |  | 317.1 |  |  | 315.4 |
All other Asia | 189.4 |  |  | 160.4 |  |  | 255.8 |
Europe | 590.9 |  |  | 550.5 |  |  | 607.3 |
Total net sales | $ | 5,156.6 |  |  | $ | 4,710.8 |  |  | $ | 6,530.9 |
Long-lived assets |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 1,976.5 |  |  | $ | 2,099.4 |  |  | $ | 2,805.8 |
Mexico | 888.1 |  |  | 1,021.6 |  |  | 1,117.4 |
South America | 40.9 |  |  | 49.7 |  |  | 61.9 |
China | 164.8 |  |  | 185.1 |  |  | 191.4 |
All other Asia | 87.1 |  |  | 84.2 |  |  | 106.8 |
Europe | 501.2 |  |  | 491.5 |  |  | 439.4 |
Total long-lived assets | $ | 3,658.6 |  |  | $ | 3,931.5 |  |  | $ | 4,722.7 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 31 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8924-108599 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 34 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8981-108599 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 40 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9031-108599 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (f) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 26 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8844-108599 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 41 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9038-108599 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 22 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8736-108599 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 42 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e9054-108599 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8657-108599 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123359005&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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