<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000947871-23-000709.txt : 20230629
<SEC-HEADER>0000947871-23-000709.hdr.sgml : 20230629
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230629162259
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000947871-23-000709
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230628
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230629
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230629

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001062231
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	MOTOR VEHICLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES [3714]
		IRS NUMBER:				383161171
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-14303
		FILM NUMBER:		231057707

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE DAUCH DRIVE
		CITY:			DETROIT
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48211-1198
		BUSINESS PHONE:		3137583600

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE DAUCH DRIVE
		CITY:			DETROIT
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48211-1198
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>ss2232555_8k.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CURRENT REPORT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" xmlns:ref="http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" xmlns:us-roles="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2023" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" xmlns:AXL="http://AXL/20230628">
<head>
     <title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html" />
</head>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_02C_US%2DGAAP%2D2023 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_034_AXL_AXL_20230628 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_04F_20230628_20230628 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_05D_edei%2D%2DEntityCentralIndexKey_0001062231 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_059_edei%2D%2DAmendmentFlag_false -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06B_USD_1_iso4217%2D%2DUSD -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_062_Shares_2_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06D_USDPShares_3_iso4217%2D%2DUSD_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<body>
<div style="display: none">
<ix:header>
 <ix:hidden>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey">0001062231</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:AmendmentFlag">false</ix:nonNumeric>
  </ix:hidden>
 <ix:references>
  <link:schemaRef xlink:href="axl-20230628.xsd" xlink:type="simple" />
  </ix:references>
 <ix:resources>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001062231</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-06-28</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-06-28</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:unit id="USD">
      <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="USDPShares">
      <xbrli:divide>
        <xbrli:unitNumerator>
          <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitNumerator>
        <xbrli:unitDenominator>
          <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitDenominator>
      </xbrli:divide>
    </xbrli:unit>
  </ix:resources>
 </ix:header>
</div>


<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 2pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 14pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 14pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, DC 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; color: red"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 18pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_900_edei--DocumentType_c20230628__20230628_zVBOjvMPW8Pg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT PURSUANT</b></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE</b></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Date of report (Date of earliest event reported</b>):
<span id="xdx_90C_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20230628__20230628_zHbA6rvu83P9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">June 28, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 18pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20230628__20230628_zJ0b34XTI5zc"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS,
INC.</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its
Charter)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_c20230628__20230628_z1UHqOCWjYSc"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Delaware</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityFileNumber_c20230628__20230628_zbuDIvo0oLzb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:EntityFileNumber">1-14303</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_c20230628__20230628_zsnWzB6Cqen6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">38-3161171</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center">(Commission File Number)</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center">(IRS Employer Identification No.)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_907_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20230628__20230628_zO4SpMMMURQb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">One Dauch Drive</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_908_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20230628__20230628_z2ckIN6UZ0tg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Detroit</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20230628__20230628_zhGlURqLGa4h"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">Michigan</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityAddressPostalZipCode_c20230628__20230628_zwwrrpTF028a"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode">48211-1198</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center">(Address of Principal Executive Offices)</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center">(Zip Code)</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 50%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 50%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_90A_edei--CityAreaCode_c20230628__20230628_zCoC9LhhnQAj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(313)</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span id="xdx_909_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20230628__20230628_z2fKhTLwZUA7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">758-2000</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center">(Registrant&#8217;s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="2" style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center">(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><br />
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under
any of the following provisions (<i>see </i>General Instruction A.2. below):</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 120%"><span id="xdx_900_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20230628__20230628_z3SHe7vL7qH"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">o</ix:nonNumeric></span>
</span>Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 120%"><span id="xdx_908_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20230628__20230628_zodmwaQAOvJ8"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">o</ix:nonNumeric></span>
</span>Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 120%"><span id="xdx_902_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20230628__20230628_zjhzDbkZvrQd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">o</ix:nonNumeric></span> </span>Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 120%"><span id="xdx_902_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20230628__20230628_z5nTtu5yIZud"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">o</ix:nonNumeric></span> </span>Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td colspan="3">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 43%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 17%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 40%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center">Title of each class</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center">Trading Symbol(s)</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt; text-align: center">Name of each exchange on which registered</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_901_edei--Security12bTitle_c20230628__20230628_zK5tNhWZ18qa"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_906_edei--TradingSymbol_c20230628__20230628_z9L55ch4RZ5l"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" name="dei:TradingSymbol">AXL</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_906_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20230628__20230628_zRSyVTB9QAl1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">The New York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth
company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%">
  <tr>
    <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 95%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 0.75pt; width: 1%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 1.5pt 1pt; text-align: right">Emerging growth company</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 1.5pt 1pt"><span style="font-family: Segoe UI Emoji,sans-serif; font-size: 9.5pt"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20230628__20230628_zAjFUP3gbZl2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="3" style="padding-right: 1pt; padding-left: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="padding-right: 1pt; padding-left: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 1.5pt 1pt; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding: 1.5pt 1pt; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Segoe UI Emoji,sans-serif; font-size: 9.5pt">&#9744;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></p>



<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <div style="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 34%; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 96px"><b>Item 1.01.</b></td>
    <td><b>Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement</b></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On June 28, 2023, American Axle &amp; Manufacturing
Holdings, Inc. (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Holdings</span>&#8221;) and American Axle &amp; Manufacturing, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">AAM</span>&#8221;),
entered into the First Amendment (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">First Amendment</span>&#8221;) among AAM, as borrower, Holdings, each financial institution
party thereto as a lender and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Administrative Agent</span>&#8221;), amending
the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2022 (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Amended and Restated Credit Agreement</span>&#8221;),
among AAM, as borrower, Holdings, each financial institution party thereto from time to time as a lender, and the Administrative Agent.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For the period from June 28, 2023 through the earlier
of (i) the date on which Holdings and AAM deliver to the Administrative Agent its Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2024
and (ii) the date on which Holdings and AAM provide to the Administrative Agent documentation certifying certain matters pursuant to the
First Amendment (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Amendment Period</span>&#8221;), the First Amendment, among other things: (a) increased the maximum levels
of the total net leverage ratio covenant during the Amendment Period; (b) reduced the minimum levels of the cash interest expense coverage
ratio covenant during the Amendment Period; (c) modified certain categories of the applicable margin (determined based on the total net
leverage ratio of Holdings) for the duration of the Amendment Period with respect to interest rates under the term loan A facility under
the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the &#8220;Term Loan A Facility&#8221;) and interest rates under the revolving credit facility
under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the &#8220;Revolving Credit Facility&#8221;); and (d) modified certain covenants restricting
the ability of Holdings, AAM and certain subsidiaries of Holdings to create, incur, assume or permit to exist certain additional indebtedness
and liens and to make or agree to pay or make certain restricted payments, voluntary payments and distributions.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">AAM also agreed to prepay the Term Loan A Facility
in an aggregate principal amount of $16,250,000 upon closing on June 28, 2023.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The terms of the term loan B facility under the Amended
and Restated Credit Agreement, including the maturity dates, interest rates and applicable margins with respect to such interest rates,
remain unchanged.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">A copy of the First Amendment is included as Exhibit
10.1 hereto and is incorporated by reference herein. The foregoing description of the First Amendment does not purport to be complete
and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the agreement.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 96px"><b>Item 2.03.</b></td>
    <td><b>Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant</b></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The information in Item 1.01 of this Current Report is incorporated by
reference into this Item 2.03.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 96px"><b>Item 9.01.</b></td>
    <td><b>Financial Statements and Exhibits</b></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(d) Exhibits</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 12%; padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt"><b>Exhibit No.</b></td>
    <td style="width: 2%; padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 86%; padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt"><b>Description</b></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">10.1</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt"><span style="color: Blue"><span style="text-decoration: underline"><a href="ss2232555_1001.htm">First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 28, 2023, among American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., American Axle &amp; Manufacturing, Inc., certain subsidiaries of American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Holdings, Inc. identified therein, each financial institution party thereto as a lender and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent.</a></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">104</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-right: 5.65pt; padding-left: 5.65pt">Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL).</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 2pt solid; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 34%; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 4pt; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 12pt/120% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 5%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 35%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 60%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" style="padding: 1.75pt">
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.</b></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p></td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">Date:</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt"><span style="font-size: 12pt"><br />
</span>June 29, 2023</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">By: </td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding: 1.75pt 1.75pt 2pt">/s/ Christopher J. May </td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding: 1.75pt">Christopher J. May</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding: 1.75pt">Executive Vice President &amp; Chief Financial Officer</td>
    <td style="padding: 1.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 2pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->




</body>
</html>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_08B_extensions -->
<!-- eJxFjVsKwkAMRVfQPYT5FvvwQe2nRUWsIqWIv4NNZbCdlMz4WpK7dNoihkAI9557hRiJDa1VjQznZZ5BgU1bS4uQY4WM+oLOkW53Cbib41UZy1Lb/v2BKTkGHTMbh7F0Qm99KINlAsHcjxZ+NIFgkkxjOO6F1+kp6UqVqK2SNUhdwpGpZYVW8ntIKOSLNDXvvuqEbBTpBMJxMMgfiIIwggM95JP4ZiDLUuGN+vHEhunedjV3Y6mBVY2N6zID+l/vCyI9SVo= -->
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-10.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ss2232555_1001.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FIRST AMENDMENT TO THE AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>


<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in; text-align: right; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Exhibit 10.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in; text-align: right; text-indent: 0.5in">EXECUTION VERSION</P>

<P STYLE="font: 1pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">FIRST AMENDMENT dated
as of June 28, 2023 (this &#8220;<U>Amendment</U>&#8221;), to the AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of March 11, 2022 (as
amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified prior to the date hereof, the &#8220;<U>Existing Credit Agreement</U>&#8221;, and
as further amended hereby, the &#8220;<U>Credit Agreement</U>&#8221;; capitalized terms used and not defined herein shall have the meanings
assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement), among AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC., a Delaware corporation (the &#8220;<U>Borrower</U>&#8221;),
AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation (the &#8220;<U>Parent</U>&#8221;), the LENDERS party thereto
and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., as Administrative Agent (the &#8220;<U>Administrative Agent</U>&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">WHEREAS, the Borrower has
requested that certain provisions of the Existing Credit Agreement be amended as set forth herein; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">WHEREAS, the Lenders party
hereto, constituting a Majority in Interest of the Tranche A Term Lenders and a Majority in Interest of the Revolving Lenders, are willing
to consent to such amendments to the Existing Credit Agreement on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration
of the mutual agreements herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency and receipt of which are hereby acknowledged,
and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 1. <U>Rules of Interpretation.</U>
The rules of interpretation set forth in Section 1.03 of the Credit Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference herein, <U>mutatis
mutandis</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 2. <U>Amendments
to the Credit Agreement.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a) Section 1.01 of the Existing
Credit Agreement is hereby amended by inserting the following defined terms in the appropriate alphabetical order therein:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#8220;<U>Applicable
Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio</U>&#8221; means, for any date, the Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio applicable pursuant to Section
6.11 with respect to the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of the Parent most recently ended on or prior to such date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#8220;<U>First Amendment
Effective Date</U>&#8221; means June 28, 2023, which was the First Amendment Effective Date under (and as defined in) the First Amendment
relating to this Agreement, among the Borrower, the Parent, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders party thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">[[6108061]]</FONT></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&#8220;<U>First Amendment
Period</U>&#8221; means the period commencing on the First Amendment Effective Date and ending on the earlier to occur of the First Amendment
Period Termination Date and the date on which the Parent shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent the financial statements as
of and for the fiscal quarter of the Parent ending June 30, 2024 pursuant to Section 5.01(b), together with the related certificate pursuant
to Section 5.01(c).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&#8220;<U>First Amendment
Period Termination Date</U>&#8221; means the date, if any, on which the Parent shall have delivered a First Amendment Period Termination
Notice to the Administrative Agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&#8220;<U>First Amendment
Period Termination Notice</U>&#8221; means a certificate of a Financial Officer of the Parent delivered together with the financial statements
and certificate required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) or (b) and Section 5.01(c), respectively, with respect to any fiscal
quarter or fiscal year ending on or prior to March 31, 2024, certifying that as of the last day of such period, the Parent is in compliance
with the applicable Unamended Total Net Leverage Ratio and Unamended Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio contained in Section 6.10 and
Section 6.11 (with such compliance being demonstrated in the calculations set forth in the certificate delivered concurrently pursuant
to Section 5.01(c)) and notifying the Administrative Agent that effective as of the date of such certificate, the First Amendment Period
is terminated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&#8220;<U>Unamended Total
Net Leverage Ratio</U>&#8221; has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.10.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b) The definition of &#8220;Applicable
Rate&#8221; set forth in Section 1.01 of the Existing Credit Agreement is hereby amended by inserting the following proviso immediately
before the semicolon at the end of paragraph (b) thereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&#8220;; <U>provided</U>,
<U>further</U>, that at all times during the First Amendment Period (and only during such Period), the Applicable Rate set forth below
in Category 2 shall be increased by 0.25% per annum&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(c) The definition of &#8220;Applicable
Rate&#8221; set forth in Section 1.01 of the Existing Credit Agreement is hereby further amended by inserting the following proviso immediately
before the semicolon at the end of paragraph (c) thereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&#8220;; <U>provided</U>,
<U>further</U>, that at all times during the First Amendment Period (and only during such Period), the Applicable Rate set forth below
in Category 2 (other than as set forth under the caption &#8220;Commitment Fee Rate&#8221;) shall be increased by 0.25% per annum&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(d) Section 2.27 of the Existing
Credit Agreement is hereby amended by replacing the words &#8220;the eighteen-month anniversary of the Closing Date&#8221; therein with
&#8220;June 30, 2024&#8221;.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(e) Section 6.10 of the Existing
Credit Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 81pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 81pt">SECTION 6.10. <U>Total
Net Leverage Ratio</U>. For the benefit of the Revolving Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Tranche A Term Lenders only (and the Administrative
Agent on their behalf), the Parent will not permit the Total Net Leverage Ratio as of the end of any fiscal quarter set forth below to
exceed the ratio set forth below with respect to such fiscal quarter:</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0in; text-align: justify"><U>Period</U></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0in; text-align: justify"><U>Total Net Leverage Ratio</U></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">April&nbsp;1, 2022, through June&nbsp;30, 2022</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">5.00 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">July 1, 2022 through September 30, 2022</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">4.75 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">October&nbsp;1, 2022, through June 30, 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">4.50 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">4.25 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">January 1, 2025, through March 31, 2025</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">4.00 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">April 1, 2025, through September&nbsp;30, 2025</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">3.75 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">October&nbsp;1, 2025 and thereafter</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">3.50 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>,
that the Total Net Leverage Ratio level set forth above may, at the election of the Borrower and upon written notice to the Administrative
Agent prior to the consummation of a Qualified Permitted Acquisition, be increased by 0.50:1.00 in connection with a Permitted Acquisition
with aggregate cash consideration (including assumed Indebtedness) paid in connection therewith in excess of $350,000,000 (each such Permitted
Acquisition, a &#8220;<U>Qualified Permitted Acquisition</U>&#8221;), with a 0.50:1.0 step-down (returning the required Total Net Leverage
Ratio to the then otherwise required ratio) for the first four fiscal quarter period ending after the date that is six (6) months after
such Permitted Acquisition; <U>provided further</U> that, (w) in any event, the maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio for any period of four
fiscal quarters shall not be increased to be greater than 4.50:1.00, (x) the Total Net Leverage Ratio levels shall not be increased pursuant
to the foregoing proviso on more than two occasions after the Closing Date, (y) following any increase in the Total Net Leverage Ratio
level pursuant to the foregoing proviso, no subsequent increase in the Total Net Leverage Ratio level pursuant to the foregoing proviso
may be made until after the required Total Net Leverage Ratio has been at the applicable level set forth above (without giving effect
to any increase pursuant to the foregoing proviso) for at least two full consecutive fiscal quarters and (z) any such increase of the
Total Net Leverage Ratio levels pursuant to this Section 6.10 shall apply only with respect to the calculation of the Total Net Leverage
Ratio for purposes of determining compliance with this Section 6.10 and for purposes of any Qualified Permitted Acquisition Pro Forma
Calculation (it being understood that the Total Net Leverage Ratio applicable under the Qualified Permitted Acquisition Pro Forma Calculation
shall in any event be no greater than the Total Net Leverage Ratio as increased pursuant to the foregoing proviso under this Section 6.10).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if, with respect to any fiscal quarter of the Parent ending during the First Amendment Period, the Parent shall have delivered
to the Administrative Agent a First Amendment Period Termination Notice, then, with respect to the fiscal quarter in respect of which
such notice was delivered and each subsequent fiscal quarter of the Parent, the ratios set forth in the table above shall not apply and
the applicable maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio shall instead be the ratio set forth below with respect to such fiscal quarter (the &#8220;<U>Unamended
Total Net Leverage Ratio</U>&#8221;):</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 56%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><U>Period</U></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><U>Total Net Leverage Ratio</U></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">April 1, 2023, through September 30, 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">4.25 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">October 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">4.00 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">January 1, 2024, through March 31, 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">3.75 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">April 1, 2024 and thereafter</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">3.50 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(f) Section 6.11 of the Existing
Credit Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 76.5pt">SECTION 6.11. <U>Cash
Interest Expense Coverage Ratio</U>. For the benefit of the Revolving Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Tranche A Term Lenders only (and
the Administrative Agent on their behalf), the Parent will not permit the Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio as of the last day of any
period of four consecutive fiscal quarters ending during the dates set forth below to be less than the ratio set forth below with respect
to such period:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><U>Period End Date</U></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 43%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><U>Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio</U></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Closing Date through June 30, 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">3.00 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">July&nbsp;1, 2023, through June&nbsp;30, 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">2.75 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">July 1, 2024 and thereafter</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">3.00 to 1.00</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 31.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if, with respect to any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of the Parent ending during the First Amendment Period,
the Parent shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent a First Amendment Period Termination Notice, then, with respect to such period
and each subsequent period of four consecutive fiscal quarters of the Parent, the ratios set forth in the table above shall not apply
and the Parent will not permit the Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio as of the last day of each period of four consecutive fiscal quarters
be less than 3.00 to 1.00 (the &#8220;<U>Unamended Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio</U>&#8221;).</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 3. <U>Covenants</U>.
Each of the Borrower and the Parent covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Revolving Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Tranche A
Term Lenders only (and the Administrative Agent on their behalf) that, during the First Amendment Period:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a) the Borrower shall not
incur any Incremental Extensions of Credit or any Alternative Incremental Facility Debt that is secured by the Collateral on a pari passu
basis with the Loan Document Obligations;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b) the Parent shall not
designate any Restricted Subsidiary as an Unrestricted Subsidiary, unless (i) immediately before and after such designation, no Event
of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would immediately result from such designation (including as a result of the covenants
contained in this Section 3) and (ii)&nbsp;immediately after giving effect to such designation, (x) the Total Net Leverage Ratio, calculated
on a Pro Forma Basis as of the last day of the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Parent, shall not exceed the Applicable Total
Net Leverage Ratio and (y) the Cash Interest Expense Coverage Ratio, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis as of the last day of the most recently
ended fiscal quarter of the Parent, shall not exceed the Applicable Cash Interest Coverage Ratio;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(c) neither the Parent nor
the Borrower shall, or shall permit any other Restricted Subsidiary to, assume or permit to exist Indebtedness otherwise permitted by
Section 6.01(a)(vi)(A) of the Existing Credit Agreement, unless (i) such Indebtedness exists at the time such Person becomes a Restricted
Subsidiary (or is so merged or consolidated) or such assets are acquired and is not created in contemplation of or in connection with
such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary (or such merger or consolidation) or such assets being acquired and (ii) immediately after
giving effect to the assumption of such Indebtedness, the Total Net Leverage Ratio, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis as of the last day
of the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Parent, shall not exceed the Applicable Total Net Leverage Ratio and (y) the Cash Interest
Expense Coverage Ratio, calculated on a Pro Forma Basis as of the last day of the most recently ended fiscal quarter of the Parent, shall
not exceed the Applicable Cash Interest Coverage Ratio;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(d) neither the Parent nor
the Borrower shall permit to exist Indebtedness of Foreign Subsidiaries otherwise permitted by Section&nbsp;6.01(a)(vii) of the Existing
Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount (other than Indebtedness owing by a Foreign Subsidiary to another Foreign Subsidiary)
exceeding $350,000,000;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(e) neither the Parent nor
the Borrower shall permit to exist any Ratio Debt incurred by any Restricted Subsidiary that is not a Loan Party;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(f) neither the Parent nor
the Borrower shall, or shall permit any other Restricted Subsidiary to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on any property
or asset now owned or hereafter acquired by it, which Lien is otherwise permitted by Section 6.02(f) of the Existing Credit Agreement,
except any (i) Lien on any property or asset of any Foreign Subsidiary in an aggregate amount at any time outstanding not exceeding $350,000,000
and (ii) other Lien on any property or asset of any Foreign Subsidiary; <U>provided</U> that</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left">(A) in respect
of this sub-clause (ii), such Lien secures Indebtedness or other obligations of such Foreign Subsidiary that is not Guaranteed by any
Loan Party and (B)&nbsp;with respect to Indebtedness such Indebtedness is permitted by Section&nbsp;6.01 of the Existing Credit Agreement
and clauses (c), (d), (e) and (f) of this Section 3;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(g) neither the Parent nor
the Borrower shall, or shall permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, (i)&nbsp;declare or make, or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly,
any Restricted Payment, or incur any obligation (contingent or otherwise) to make any Restricted Payment, that is otherwise permitted
by Sections&nbsp;6.07(a)(vii) or (a)(viii) of the Existing Credit Agreement or (ii)&nbsp;agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly,
any voluntary payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of any Junior Debt, or any
payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account
of the repayment, repurchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any Junior Debt, that is otherwise permitted
by Sections&nbsp;6.07(b)(iii) through (b)(v) of the Existing Credit Agreement; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(h) neither the Parent nor
the Borrower shall, or shall permit any Restricted Subsidiary to, make or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any voluntary
payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) of or in respect of any of the Borrower&#8217;s senior unsecured
notes other than the Senior Notes described in clause (c) of the definition thereof set forth in the Existing Credit Agreement (collectively,
the &#8220;<U>Senior Unsecured Notes</U>&#8221;), or any payment or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property),
including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the repayment, repurchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation
or termination of any of the Senior Unsecured Notes, except (i) any refinancing of Senior Unsecured Notes with Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness
and (ii) regularly scheduled payments of principal or interest in respect thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 4. <U>Additional
Agreements</U>. The Borrower agrees for the benefit of the Revolving Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Tranche A Term Lenders only (and
the Administrative Agent on their behalf) that, within 10 Business Days following the First Amendment Effective Date, the Borrower shall
make a prepayment pursuant to Section 2.11(a) of the Credit Agreement of Tranche A Term Loans in an aggregate principal amount equal to
$16,250,000.00 (it being understood and agreed that such prepayments shall be applied to reduce the amortization payments in respect of
the Tranche A Term Loans pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(i) of the Credit Agreement commencing with the payment in respect of the fiscal quarter
ending September 30, 2023 in direct order thereof, and for all other purposes of the Credit Agreement shall be deemed to have been paid
as an amortization payment pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(i), and not Section 2.11(a), of the Credit Agreement). Each Lender party hereto
hereby waives any right to compensation pursuant to Section 2.16 of the Credit Agreement in connection with such prepayment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 5. <U>Representations
and Warranties.</U> The Borrower represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and to each of the Lenders that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a) This Amendment and the
transactions contemplated hereby are within the corporate powers of each of the Borrower and the Parent and have been duly authorized
by all necessary corporate and, if required, stockholder action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b) This Amendment has been
duly executed and delivered by each of the Borrower and the Parent and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of such Loan
Party, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws
affecting creditors&#8217; rights generally and subject to general principles of equity, regardless of whether considered in a proceeding
in equity or at law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 6. <U>Effectiveness.</U>
This Amendment shall become effective as of the date first above written (the &#8220;<U>First Amendment Effective Date</U>&#8221;) when:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a) the Administrative Agent
shall have received counterparts of this Amendment, duly executed and delivered on behalf of (i) the Borrower, (ii) the Parent, (iii)
each other Loan Party and (iv) Lenders constituting a Majority in Interest of the Tranche A Term Lenders and a Majority in Interest of
the Revolving Lenders, or as to any of the foregoing parties, advice reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent that each of
the foregoing parties has executed a counterpart of this Amendment;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b) each of the representations
and warranties set forth in Section 5 hereof shall be true and correct as of the First Amendment Effective Date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(c) The representations and
warranties of each Loan Party set forth in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, in the case of representations
and warranties qualified as to materiality, in all respects) on and as of the First Amendment Effective Date, except to the extent any
such representation and warranty expressly relates to a prior date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct
in all material respects (or in all respects, as applicable) as of such earlier date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(d) At the time of and immediately
after giving effect to this Amendment, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(e) the Administrative Agent
shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower confirming compliance with the conditions set forth in paragraphs
(b), (c) and (d) of this Section 6; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(f) the Administrative Agent
shall have received payment of all fees and expenses required to be paid or reimbursed by the Borrower under or in connection with this
Amendment, including those fees and expenses set forth in Section 11 hereof, to the extent such fees and expenses are invoiced at least
one Business Day prior to the proposed First Amendment Effective Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 7. <U>Reaffirmation.</U>
Each of the Borrower, the Parent and each other Loan Party hereby (a) reaffirms its obligations under the Credit Agreement and each other
Loan Document to which it is a party, in each case as modified by this Amendment, (b) reaffirms all Liens on the Collateral which have
been granted by it in favor of the Collateral Agent (for the benefit of the Secured Parties) pursuant to the Loan Documents and (c) acknowledges
and agrees that the guarantees of the Loan Parties contained in the Guarantee Agreement and the grants of security interests by the Loan
Parties contained in the Collateral Agreement and the other Security Documents are, and shall remain, in full force and effect in respect
of, and to secure, the Secured Obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 8. <U>Credit Agreement.</U>
Except as expressly set forth herein, this Amendment (a)&nbsp;shall not by implication or otherwise limit, impair, constitute a waiver
of or otherwise affect the rights and remedies of the Lenders, the Administrative Agent, the Borrower or any other Loan Party under the
Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document and (b)&nbsp;shall not alter, modify, amend or in any way affect any of the terms, conditions,
obligations, covenants or agreements contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document, all of which are ratified and affirmed
in all respects and shall continue in full force and effect. Nothing herein shall be deemed to entitle the Borrower or any other Loan
Party to any future consent to, or waiver, amendment, modification or other change of, any of the terms, conditions, obligations, covenants
or agreements contained in the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document in similar or different circumstances. After the First Amendment
Effective Date, any reference in the Loan Documents to the Credit Agreement shall mean the Credit Agreement as modified hereby. This Amendment
shall constitute a &#8220;Loan Document&#8221; for all purposes of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents and, for the avoidance
of doubt, any breach of this Amendment by the Borrower or the Parent shall constitute an Event of Default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 9. <U>Applicable
Law; Waiver of Jury Trial.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a) <B>THIS AMENDMENT AND
ANY CLAIM, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION (WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT OR OTHERWISE) BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO
THIS AMENDMENT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF
NEW YORK.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b) <B>EACH PARTY HERETO
HEREBY AGREES AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 9.10 OF THE CREDIT AGREEMENT AS IF SUCH SECTION WERE SET FORTH IN FULL HEREIN.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 10. <U>Counterparts;
Amendment; Effectiveness.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a) This Amendment may be
executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but
all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Amendment
by facsimile transmission or other electronic imaging shall be effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart of this Amendment.
This Amendment may not be amended nor may any provision hereof be waived except pursuant to a writing signed by the Borrower, the Administrative
Agent and the Lenders party hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b) The words &#8220;execution&#8221;,
&#8220;signed&#8221;, &#8220;signature&#8221;, &#8220;delivery&#8221; and words of like import in or relating to any document to be signed
in connection with this Amendment and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be deemed to include any electronic sound, symbol or
process attached to, or associated with, a contract or other record and adopted by a Person with the intent to sign, authenticate or accept
such contract or record (each, an &#8220;<U>Electronic Signature</U>&#8221;), and deliveries or the keeping of records in electronic form,
each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature, physical delivery thereof
or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including
the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act or any
other similar State laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act; <U>provided</U> that nothing herein shall require the Administrative
Agent to accept electronic signatures in any form or format without its prior written consent. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the Borrower (i) agrees that, for all purposes, including in connection with any workout, restructuring, enforcement of remedies,
bankruptcy proceedings or litigation among the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Loan Parties, electronic images of this Amendment
(including with respect to any signature pages hereto) shall have the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as any paper original,
and (ii) waives any argument, defense or right to contest the validity or enforceability of this Amendment based solely on the lack of
paper original copies of this Amendment, including with respect to any signature pages hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 11. <U>Fees and Expenses.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a) The Borrower hereby agrees
to pay to the Administrative Agent on the First Amendment Effective Date, for the account of each Tranche A Term Lender and Revolving
Lender that shall have executed and irrevocably delivered to the Administrative Agent an executed signature page to this Amendment, an
amendment fee equal to 0.125% of the sum of such Lender&#8217;s outstanding Tranche A Term Loans and outstanding Revolving Commitment
(whether used or unused) on the First Amendment Effective Date (after giving effect to any prepayment of the Tranche A Term Loans on the
First Amendment Effective Date).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b) The Borrower agrees to
reimburse the Administrative Agent for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with this Amendment to the extent required
under Section 9.03 of the Credit Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECTION 12. <U>Headings.</U> Section
headings used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Amendment and are not to affect the construction of,
or to be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Amendment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">[Signature Pages Follow]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties
hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><P STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; padding-left: 5.75pt; text-align: justify">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-left: 20pt">By</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5.75pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 45%; padding-right: 5.75pt; text-align: left">/s/ Shannon J. Curry</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt; text-align: justify">Name:&nbsp;&nbsp;Shannon J. Curry&#9;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Title: Vice President &amp; Treasurer</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">[<I>Signature Page to First
Amendment</I>]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">Solely with respect to the provisions
of Section 6 hereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="width: 45%">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 55%">&nbsp;<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1pt">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1pt">HOLDINGS, INC.</P>

</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING,INC.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>AAM CASTING CORP.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>AAM INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>AAM POWDER METAL COMPONENTS, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>ACCUGEAR, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">ASP GREDE INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS LLC</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>ASP HHI HOLDINGS, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>AUBURN HILLS MANUFACTURING, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>COLFOR MANUFACTURING, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>HHI FORMTECH, LLC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>IMPACT FORGE GROUP, LLC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>JERNBERG INDUSTRIES, LLC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>MD INVESTORS CORPORATION</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>METALDYNE M&amp;A BLUFFTON, LLC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>METALDYNE PERFORMANCE GROUP INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">METALDYNE POWERTRAIN COMPONENTS, INC.</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>METALDYNE SINTERED RIDGWAY, LLC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">METALDYNE SINTERFORGED PRODUCTS, LLC</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>MSP INDUSTRIES CORPORATION</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>OXFORD FORGE, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">PUNCHCRAFT MACHINING AND TOOLING, LLC</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>TEKFOR, INC.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-left: 5.75pt">By</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5.75pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.75pt; text-align: justify; width: 35%">/s/ Shannon J. Curry</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5.75pt; padding-right: 5.75pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">Name: Shannon J. Curry&#9;</P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5.75pt; padding-right: 5.75pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">Title: Vice President &amp; Treasurer</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 11.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">[<I>Signature Page to First
Amendment</I>]</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.75pt; text-align: justify; text-transform: uppercase">JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., <FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">individually and as Administrative Agent </FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify">By</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 5.75pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 38%; padding-right: 5.75pt; text-align: left">/s/ Joon Hur</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt; text-align: justify">Name: Joon Hur</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.75pt; padding-left: 5.75pt; text-align: justify">Title: Executive Director</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">[<I>Signature Page to First
Amendment</I>]</P>
<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 12 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 30pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 48pt; color: #010202"><B>Name of Institution: BARCLAYS BANK PLC</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Charlene Saldanha</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Charlene Saldanha</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 30pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in; color: #010202"><B>Name of Institution: Bank of Montreal, Chicago
Branch</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Andrew Berryman</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Andrew Berryman</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 24pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt"><B>Name of Institution</B>: <FONT STYLE="color: #010202"><U>BANK
OF AMERICA, N.A.</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 1pt/1pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.75pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Brian Lukehart</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Brian Lukehart</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Managing Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 42pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #231F20"><B>Name of Institution:</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="color: #5E6062"><U>Citibank, N.A.</U></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Andrew Padovano</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Andrew Padovano</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; color: #231F20"><B>&nbsp;</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #231F20"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 60pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 24pt; color: #231F20"><B>Name of Institution</B>: <U>MIZUHO BANK, LTD.</U></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Donna DeMagistris</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Donna DeMagistris</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Executive Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202"><B>Name of Institution: </B></FONT><FONT STYLE="color: #231F20"><U>Royal
Bank of Canada</U></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Benjamin Lennon</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Benjamin Lennon</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Authorized Signatory</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #010202"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 18 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in"><B>Name of lnstitution: </B><U>PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</U></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Scott Neiderheide</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Scott Neiderheide</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Senior Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 19 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #1F1F1F"><B>Name of Institution:</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 73%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">U.S. Bank National Association</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Jeffery S. Johnson</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Jeffery S. Johnson</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: SVP</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #312F31"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 20 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #3A3838"><B>Name</B></FONT><B> of lnstitution</B>:
<FONT STYLE="color: #262624"><U>Citizens Bank, </U></FONT><U><FONT STYLE="color: #3A3838">National </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: #262624">Association</FONT></U></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Kelly M. Hamrick</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Kelly M. Hamrick</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Senior Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 21 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 42pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202"><B>Name of Institution: </B></FONT>
<U>The Huntington National Bank</U></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Scott Lyman</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Scott Lyman</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Assistant Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 22 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 42pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #343433"><B>Name of lnstitution: </B></FONT><U>FIFTH
THIRD BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</U></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Will Batchelor</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Will Batchelor</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 23 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.5in; color: #010202"><B>Name of Institution: HSBC BANK USA, NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Casey Klepsch</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Casey Klepsch</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: Senior Vice President</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 24 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">SIGNATURE PAGE TO THE FIRST AMENDMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE FIRST WRITTEN ABOVE, RELATING TO THE AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 42pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 42pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #363634"><B>Name of Institution</B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="color: #545252">:</FONT></B>
<U>KeyBank National Association</U></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 27%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">/s/ Eric W. Domin</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name: Eric W. Domin</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title: SVP</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">For any institution requiring a second signature line:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">by</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Name:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: #010202">Title:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->


</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>axl-20230628.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL SCHEMA FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.18a -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: /6A5s7xRiXgen8uKZ3BMSaiHabPtw5NzWYkxumN6HRlqDygngnhGdiWYZHn2wTcM -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" xmlns:AXL="http://AXL/20230628" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://AXL/20230628">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://AXL/role/Cover" id="Cover">
	  <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="axl-20230628_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="axl-20230628_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>axl-20230628_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.18a -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodEndLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodEndLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodStartLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodStartLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTotalLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd#netLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" />
    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
    </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>axl-20230628_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.18a -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://AXL/role/Cover" xlink:href="axl-20230628.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://AXL/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="loc_deiCoverAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentType" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentType" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:presentationArc order="230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:presentationArc order="240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:presentationArc order="250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="loc_deiCountryRegion" />
      <link:presentationArc order="270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCountryRegion" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="loc_deiCityAreaCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="290" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="loc_deiExtension" />
      <link:presentationArc order="300" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiExtension" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" />
      <link:presentationArc order="310" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:presentationArc order="320" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="330" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="340" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="350" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="360" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_deiTradingSymbol" />
      <link:presentationArc order="370" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiTradingSymbol" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="380" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="390" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="400" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:presentationArc order="410" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:presentationArc order="420" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="430" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:presentationArc order="440" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="450" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="460" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:presentationArc order="470" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:presentationArc order="480" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="490" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:presentationArc order="500" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:presentationArc order="510" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="520" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="530" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:presentationArc order="540" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="550" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="560" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="570" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140492500978400">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 28, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 28,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-14303<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS,
INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001062231<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">38-3161171<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">One Dauch Drive<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Detroit<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MI<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">48211-1198<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(313)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">758-2000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">AXL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>ss2232555_8k_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023"
  xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="axl-20230628.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001062231</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-06-28</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-06-28</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <unit id="USD">
        <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Shares">
        <measure>shares</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="USDPShares">
        <divide>
            <unitNumerator>
                <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
            </unitNumerator>
            <unitDenominator>
                <measure>shares</measure>
            </unitDenominator>
        </divide>
    </unit>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">0001062231</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:DocumentType contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">8-K</dei:DocumentType>
    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">2023-06-28</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">AMERICAN AXLE &amp; MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC.</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">DE</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">1-14303</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">38-3161171</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1 contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">One Dauch Drive</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">Detroit</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">MI</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">48211-1198</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">(313)</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">758-2000</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:WrittenCommunications contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">false</dei:WrittenCommunications>
    <dei:SolicitingMaterial contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">AXL</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="From2023-06-28to2023-06-28">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 Financial_Report.xlsx
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M=]W3CHG&K=!X#;[Q3X?#KHG&J]!TZVDF)_VN:Z3I%FA"1N/K>A(5M>5 TR
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M!Z.:60F]A%9JGZJ'-#ZH'C(*!?&Y'C[E>G@*-Y;&O%"N@GL!_]':-\*K^(+
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MU4#E/]O4#6CV#30<D05>,9FV-J/D3@H\W/[O#;#"Q([A[8N_ 5!+ P04
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MA/3_N!V1]RQ./Y&[_N3QIC^8/SZ,)Y_)E_O;(1QG)[^,)X,S!+U=H+>/01_
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MCMQC)8QQ8K3^-8+)#^Q^ %!+ P04    " #=@MU6JL0B%C,!   B @  #P
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M2P$"% ,4    " #=@MU6_!]SD.\    K @  $0              @ &O
M9&]C4')O<',O8V]R92YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " #=@MU6F5R<(Q &  "<)P
M$P              @ '- 0  >&PO=&AE;64O=&AE;64Q+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0
M   ( -V"W5916\<38 0  )00   8              " @0X(  !X;"]W;W)K
M<VAE971S+W-H965T,2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " #=@MU6GZ ;\+$"  #B#
M#0              @ &D#   >&PO<W1Y;&5S+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( -V"
MW5:7BKL<P    !,"   +              "  8 /  !?<F5L<R\N<F5L<U!+
M 0(4 Q0    ( -V"W5:JQ"(6,P$  "("   /              "  6D0  !X
M;"]W;W)K8F]O:RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " #=@MU6)!Z;HJT   #X 0  &@
M            @ ')$0  >&PO7W)E;',O=V]R:V)O;VLN>&UL+G)E;'-02P$"
M% ,4    " #=@MU699!YDAD!  #/ P  $P              @ &N$@  6T-O
F;G1E;G1?5'EP97-=+GAM;%!+!08     "0 ) #X"  #X$P     !

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
..report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

..report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

..report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

..report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
..pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
..report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

..report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
..report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

..report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

..report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

..report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

..report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

..report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
..report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
..report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
..report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

..report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
..report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

..report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

..report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
..report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
..report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

..report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

..report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
..report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

..report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

..report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

..report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

..report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

..report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.23.2</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>1</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>22</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>false</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>0</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>3</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="ss2232555_8k.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000001 - Document - Cover</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://AXL/role/Cover</Role>
      <ShortName>Cover</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File doctype="8-K" original="ss2232555_8k.htm">ss2232555_8k.htm</File>
    <File>axl-20230628.xsd</File>
    <File>axl-20230628_lab.xml</File>
    <File>axl-20230628_pre.xml</File>
    <File>ss2232555_1001.htm</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="22">http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>true</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>false</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "instance": {
  "ss2232555_8k.htm": {
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "axisStandard": 0,
   "baseTaxonomies": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023": 22
   },
   "contextCount": 1,
   "dts": {
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "ss2232555_8k.htm"
     ]
    },
    "labelLink": {
     "local": [
      "axl-20230628_lab.xml"
     ]
    },
    "presentationLink": {
     "local": [
      "axl-20230628_pre.xml"
     ]
    },
    "schema": {
     "local": [
      "axl-20230628.xsd"
     ],
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref-2006-02-27.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-roles-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-roles-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd"
     ]
    }
   },
   "elementCount": 59,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "hidden": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023": 2,
    "total": 2
   },
   "keyCustom": 0,
   "keyStandard": 22,
   "memberCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 0,
   "nsprefix": "AXL",
   "nsuri": "http://AXL/20230628",
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "firstAnchor": {
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "baseRef": "ss2232555_8k.htm",
      "contextRef": "From2023-06-28to2023-06-28",
      "decimals": null,
      "first": true,
      "lang": "en-US",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "reportCount": 1,
      "unique": true,
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false"
     },
     "groupType": "document",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "longName": "00000001 - Document - Cover",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "1",
     "role": "http://AXL/role/Cover",
     "shortName": "Cover",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "baseRef": "ss2232555_8k.htm",
      "contextRef": "From2023-06-28to2023-06-28",
      "decimals": null,
      "first": true,
      "lang": "en-US",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "reportCount": 1,
      "unique": true,
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false"
     }
    }
   },
   "segmentCount": 0,
   "tag": {
    "dei_AmendmentDescription": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Description of changes contained within amended document.",
        "label": "Amendment Description"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AmendmentDescription",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType"
    },
    "dei_AmendmentFlag": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.",
        "label": "Amendment Flag"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AmendmentFlag",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_AnnualInformationForm": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing an annual information form.",
        "label": "Annual Information Form"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AnnualInformationForm",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing audited financial statements.",
        "label": "Audited Annual Financial Statements"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_CityAreaCode": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Area code of city",
        "label": "City Area Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CityAreaCode",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_CountryRegion": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Region code of country",
        "label": "Country Region"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CountryRegion",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_CoverAbstract": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Cover page.",
        "label": "Cover [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CoverAbstract",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType"
    },
    "dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.",
        "label": "Current Fiscal Year End Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "CurrentFiscalYearEndDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "gMonthDayItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentAccountingStandard": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing This can either be 'U.S. GAAP', 'International Financial Reporting Standards', or 'Other'.",
        "label": "Document Accounting Standard"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentAccountingStandard",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "accountingStandardItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentAnnualReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11",
      "r13",
      "r14"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report.",
        "label": "Document Annual Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentAnnualReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.",
        "label": "Document Fiscal Period Focus"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "fiscalPeriodItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.",
        "label": "Document Fiscal Year Focus"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalYearFocus",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "gYearItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.",
        "label": "Document Period End Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodEndDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The start date of the period covered in the document, in YYYY-MM-DD format.",
        "label": "Document Period Start Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodStartDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report.",
        "label": "Document Quarterly Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentQuarterlyReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a registration statement.",
        "label": "Document Registration Statement"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentRegistrationStatement",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Date of event requiring a shell company report.",
        "label": "Document Shell Company Event Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyEventDate",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true for a Shell Company Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Document Shell Company Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentTransitionReport": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.",
        "label": "Document Transition Report"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentTransitionReport",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentType": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.",
        "label": "Document Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType"
    },
    "dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Documents incorporated by reference.",
        "label": "Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name",
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line One"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine1",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number",
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Two"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine2",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Address Line 3 such as an Office Park",
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Three"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine3",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of the City or Town",
        "label": "Entity Address, City or Town"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressCityOrTown",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCountry": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code.",
        "label": "Entity Address, Country"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressCountry",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "countryCodeItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Code for the postal or zip code",
        "label": "Entity Address, Postal Zip Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressPostalZipCode",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of the state or province.",
        "label": "Entity Address, State or Province"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityAddressStateOrProvince",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "stateOrProvinceItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "For registrants involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years, the value Yes indicates that the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court; the value No indicates the registrant has not.  Registrants not involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years should not report this element.",
        "label": "Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.",
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.",
        "label": "Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.",
        "label": "Entity Current Reporting Status"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityCurrentReportingStatus",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.",
        "label": "Entity Emerging Growth Company"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityEmergingGrowthCompany",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r19"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards.",
        "label": "Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityExTransitionPeriod",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityFileNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.",
        "label": "Entity File Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityFileNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityFilerCategory": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.",
        "label": "Entity Filer Category"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityFilerCategory",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "filerCategoryItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.",
        "label": "Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "edgarStateCountryItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r16"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).",
        "label": "Entity Interactive Data Current"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityInteractiveDataCurrent",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Primary Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Number for the Entity.",
        "label": "Entity Primary SIC Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityPrimarySicNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "sicNumberItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityPublicFloat": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "crdr": "credit",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.",
        "label": "Entity Public Float"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityPublicFloat",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.",
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityShellCompany": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Entity Shell Company"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityShellCompany",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntitySmallBusiness": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).",
        "label": "Entity Small Business"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntitySmallBusiness",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.",
        "label": "Entity Tax Identification Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityTaxIdentificationNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "employerIdItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.",
        "label": "Entity Voluntary Filers"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityVoluntaryFilers",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r17"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.",
        "label": "Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType"
    },
    "dei_Extension": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Extension number for local phone number.",
        "label": "Extension"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "Extension",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_LocalPhoneNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Local phone number for entity.",
        "label": "Local Phone Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "LocalPhoneNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType"
    },
    "dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a security having no trading symbol.",
        "label": "No Trading Symbol Flag"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "NoTradingSymbolFlag",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "trueItemType"
    },
    "dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "\"Item 17\" or \"Item 18\" specified when the basis of accounting is neither US GAAP nor IFRS.",
        "label": "Other Reporting Standard Item Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "OtherReportingStandardItemNumber",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "otherReportingStandardItemNumberItemType"
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Pre-commencement Tender Offer"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "PreCommencementTenderOffer",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_Security12bTitle": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(b) registered security.",
        "label": "Title of 12(b) Security"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "Security12bTitle",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType"
    },
    "dei_Security12gTitle": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(g) registered security.",
        "label": "Title of 12(g) Security"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "Security12gTitle",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType"
    },
    "dei_SecurityExchangeName": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.",
        "label": "Security Exchange Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "SecurityExchangeName",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "edgarExchangeCodeItemType"
    },
    "dei_SecurityReportingObligation": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r9"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "15(d), indicating whether the security has a reporting obligation under that section of the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Security Reporting Obligation"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "SecurityReportingObligation",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "securityReportingObligationItemType"
    },
    "dei_SolicitingMaterial": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.",
        "label": "Soliciting Material"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "SolicitingMaterial",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    },
    "dei_TradingSymbol": {
     "auth_ref": [],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.",
        "label": "Trading Symbol"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "TradingSymbol",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "tradingSymbolItemType"
    },
    "dei_WrittenCommunications": {
     "auth_ref": [
      "r18"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.",
        "label": "Written Communications"
       }
      }
     },
     "localname": "WrittenCommunications",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "presentation": [
      "http://AXL/role/Cover"
     ],
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType"
    }
   },
   "unitCount": 3
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r1": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r10": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "14a",
   "Subsection": "12",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r11": {
   "Name": "Form 10-K",
   "Number": "249",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "310",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r12": {
   "Name": "Form 10-Q",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "308",
   "Subsection": "a",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r13": {
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "220",
   "Subsection": "f",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r14": {
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "240",
   "Subsection": "f",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r15": {
   "Name": "Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "a-1",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r16": {
   "Name": "Regulation S-T",
   "Number": "232",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "405",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r17": {
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "405",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r18": {
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "425",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r19": {
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "7A",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "B",
   "Subsection": "2",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r2": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r3": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-23",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r4": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "d1-1",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r5": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "g",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r6": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "12, 13, 15d",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r7": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "13e",
   "Subsection": "4c",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r8": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "14d",
   "Subsection": "2b",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  },
  "r9": {
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Section": "15",
   "Subsection": "d",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef"
  }
 },
 "version": "2.2"
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>0000947871-23-000709-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0000947871-23-000709-xbrl.zip
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M[S((\Y3R8[]NS/ZEMVM$B<^;8/ZX]PV[QQ2L!J\:@9:3J^GC;U!+ P04
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MHI0FBH11N>U1D >[&2K$1,5/&%GCC,1J1Z=J1]._J1W]N=Q\C5>$CI!22C[
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ML73R.9BL0"X?/MCU D_(!.BD.:'05_:M="$DHLY2\?2D(.QFC+BB$:XA!X;
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M=*_/HJ@M$0],F4<0TZQI=1F?VGU5U%!/G'LI0-Q' \09(.YUYZZ)U")0$B"
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MABKJTRB'6-.>:L1:3K#IR_1E^C)]O?*^-FC+IO2TB@/_WCCPQH$W#KQQX)_
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M#FS%2$3Z803O3ENU'[B\WIUW+R_@A_\/4$L#!!0    ( -V"W5:HU?QN)18
M (]R   0    <W,R,C,R-34U7SAK+FAT;>T]:U?BRK+?7<O_T(=S9B]=FU=X
M*>AP%@(JHX #.,[XQ162!J(AB7D@S*^_5=T))) H*#HSY^X],QM)=U=5UZNK
MJKOC\7^G8Y5,J&DINO8Y)B33,4(U29<5;?@YYMB#Q&'LO^7=G>.1#?V@KV9]
MCHULVRBE4D]/3\FG;%(WARFA6"RFIM@GQCN5IJ'],NFTD/K>O.Q*(SH6$XIF
MV:(FT?D@5=$>HN%CZ[QKWU250%=\XB')IE9 0ZN\&.#O7$CQQD!7.[1KGG>U
MO:Z*I><RPL%S=/ >\P'3J+X"T@PSI-]/.I>+[G9X_T77E&V*FC70S;%H@PP1
M4CZ1SB0R!1^0A$6E "#XGASJDQ?A'":R@@=G13C!F6)S7[3F')?I$KL]G-
M(S)9KZ-)!Y%@"REH]3HZ5F(HBL:\\T"T^JRCVQ" "L],7:56:&_6$N@NZ8YF
MF[-PBMW&P #+M%=!P\- I\KWRWDG^)FUI0N9PQ@S*2K*\$GPOV-;L55:/D[Q
M3V@=4ULD.#1!'QUE\CE6U36;:G:B-S. QQ+_]CEFTZF=XI:7PG$I%^SQOQ()
M<JI052Z1+K6/2$L<TQ*9RM,CTJBQ'^[2F>K==?=3IG96J5S!!Y)'$HEU1V=S
M=S I]L^;V :C<Z?S4:\9GJ_=4= DH!K^UC7@VZP*##%%M:')='I!9W=I\#8
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MD.DS$86[VHN\W1K=W J'C]NHRRWCC)71OP)ONK8N/<2!UR:9B*I#R7_2R;1
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M+3(P,C,P-C(X7VQA8BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " #=@MU6\55THE '  #"5P
M%               @ %_#@  87AL+3(P,C,P-C(X7W!R92YX;6Q02P$"% ,4
M    " #=@MU6,<_K-D@N  ! ^0$ $@              @ $!%@  <W,R,C,R
M-34U7S$P,#$N:'1M4$L! A0#%     @ W8+=5JC5_&XE%@  CW(  !
M         ( !>40  '-S,C(S,C4U-5\X:RYH=&U02P4&      4 !0!  0
&S%H

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
