<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001214659-25-016874.txt : 20251118
<SEC-HEADER>0001214659-25-016874.hdr.sgml : 20251118
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20251118152927
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001214659-25-016874
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	424B2
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		12
FILED AS OF DATE:		20251118
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20251118

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			BANK OF MONTREAL /CAN/
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000927971
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	COMMERCIAL BANKS, NEC [6029]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	02 Finance
		EIN:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			A6
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1031

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		424B2
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-285508
		FILM NUMBER:		251494218

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1 FIRST CANADIAN PLACE
		CITY:			TORONTO
		STATE:			A6
		ZIP:			M5X 1A1
		BUSINESS PHONE:		000-000-0000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1 FIRST CANADIAN PLACE
		CITY:			TORONTO
		STATE:			A6
		ZIP:			M5X 1A1
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>424B2
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>w1118252424b2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>ARC 5551
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">Registration Statement No.333-285508<BR STYLE="clear: right">
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><BR STYLE="clear: right">
Pricing Supplement dated November 14, 2025 to the Prospectus dated March 25, 2025,<BR STYLE="clear: right">
the Prospectus Supplement dated March 25, 2025 and the Product Supplement dated March 25, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="bmologosm.jpg">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>US$1,711,000 </B><BR STYLE="clear: right">
<B>Senior Medium-Term Notes, Series K</B><BR STYLE="clear: right">
<B>Callable Barrier Notes with Contingent Coupons due May 19, 2028</B><BR STYLE="clear: right">
<B>Linked to the Least Performing of the shares of VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF and the shares of Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund
and the shares of iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>The notes are designed for investors who are seeking monthly contingent periodic interest payments (as described in more detail below),
as well as a return of principal if the notes are redeemed prior to maturity. Investors should be willing to have their notes redeemed
prior to maturity, be willing to forego any potential to participate in any increase in the level of the Reference Assets and be willing
to lose some or all of their principal at maturity.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>The notes will pay a Contingent Coupon on each Contingent Coupon Payment Date at the Contingent Interest Rate of 0.9042% per month
(approximately 10.85% per annum) if the closing level of each of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF, the Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP>
Fund, and the iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF (each, a &quot;Reference Asset&quot; and, collectively, the &quot;Reference Assets&quot;)
on the applicable monthly Observation Date is greater than or equal to its Coupon Barrier Level. However, if the closing level of any
Reference Asset is less than its Coupon Barrier Level on an Observation Date, the notes will not pay the Contingent Coupon for that Observation
Date.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Beginning on February 13, 2026, Bank of Montreal may, in its discretion, elect to call the notes in whole, but not in part, on any
Observation Date (an &quot;Issuer Call&quot;). If Bank of Montreal elects to call the notes, investors will receive their principal amount
plus any Contingent Coupon otherwise due on the Contingent Coupon Payment Date following the Issuer Call (the &quot;Call Settlement Date&quot;).
After the notes are redeemed pursuant to an Issuer Call, investors will not receive any additional payments in respect of the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>The notes do not guarantee any return of principal at maturity. Instead, if the notes are not redeemed pursuant to an Issuer Call,
the payment at maturity will be based on the Final Level of each Reference Asset and whether the Final Level of any Reference Asset has
declined from its Initial Level to below its Trigger Level on the Valuation Date (a &ldquo;Trigger Event&rdquo;), as described below.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>If the notes are not subject to an Issuer Call and a Trigger Event has occurred, investors will lose 1% of the principal amount for
each 1% decrease in the level of the Least Performing Reference Asset (as defined below) from its Initial Level to its Final Level. In
such a case, you will receive a cash amount at maturity that is less than the principal amount.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Investing in the notes is not equivalent to a direct investment in the Reference Assets.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>All payments on the notes are subject to the credit risk of Bank of Montreal.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>The notes will be issued in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Our subsidiary, BMO Capital Markets Corp. (&ldquo;BMOCM&rdquo;), is the agent for this offering. See &ldquo;Supplemental Plan of Distribution
(Conflicts of Interest)&rdquo; below.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>The notes will not be subject to conversion into our common shares or the common shares of any of our affiliates under subsection
39.2(2.3) of the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation Act (the &ldquo;CDIC Act&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Terms of the Notes:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 9pt">
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 17%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt"><B>&nbsp;Pricing Date: </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 32%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;November 14, 2025 </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 17%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt"><B>&nbsp;Valuation Date: </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 29%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;May 16, 2028 </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt"><B>&nbsp;Settlement Date: </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;November 19, 2025 </FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt"><B>&nbsp;Maturity Date: </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt"><B>&nbsp;</B>May 19, 2028 </FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Specific Terms of the Notes:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 9pt">
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 7%; border: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Callable <BR>
Number</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 8%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Reference <BR>
Assets</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 6%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Ticker <BR>
Symbol</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 7%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Initial <BR>
Level</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 10%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Contingent <BR>
Interest Rate</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 7%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Coupon <BR>
Barrier <BR>
Level*</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 6%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Trigger <BR>
Level*</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 8%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>CUSIP</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 10%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Principal <BR>
Amount</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 6%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Price to <BR>
Public</B></FONT><SUP>1</SUP></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 9%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Agent&rsquo;s <BR>
Commission</B></FONT><SUP>1</SUP></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 16%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Proceeds to <BR>
Bank of <BR>
Montreal</B></FONT><SUP>1</SUP></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD ROWSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">5551</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;The shares of VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;GDX </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$76.16 </FONT></TD>
    <TD ROWSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">
    <P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">0.9042% per month (approximately 10.85% per annum)</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$45.70, 60.00% of its Initial Level </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$41.89, 55.00% of its Initial Level </FONT></TD>
    <TD ROWSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">06376FWL9</FONT></TD>
    <TD ROWSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$1,711,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD ROWSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD ROWSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">
    <P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">0.70%</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">$11,977.00</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD ROWSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">
    <P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">99.30%</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">$1,699,023.00</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;The shares of Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;XLRE </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$40.95 </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$24.57, 60.00% of its Initial Level </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$22.52, 55.00% of its Initial Level </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;The shares of iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;IWN </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$174.67 </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$104.80, 60.00% of its Initial Level </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;$96.07, 55.00% of its Initial Level </FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font: 6pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><sup>1</sup> The total &ldquo;Agent&rsquo;s Commission&rdquo; and &ldquo;Proceeds
to Bank of Montreal&rdquo; specified above reflect the aggregate amounts at the time Bank of Montreal established its hedge positions
on or prior to the Pricing Date, which may have been variable and fluctuated depending on market conditions at such times. Certain dealers
who purchased the notes for sale to certain fee-based advisory accounts may have foregone some or all of their selling concessions, fees
or commissions. The public offering price for investors purchasing the notes in these accounts was between $993.00 and $1,000 per $1,000
in principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 6pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">* Rounded to two decimal places.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 6pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Investing in the notes involves risks, including
those described in the &ldquo;Selected Risk Considerations&rdquo; section beginning on page P-5 hereof, the &ldquo;Additional Risk Factors
Relating to the Notes&rdquo; section beginning on page PS-6 of the product supplement, and the &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; section beginning
on page S-1 of the prospectus supplement and on page 8 of the prospectus.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 6pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission
nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these notes or passed upon the accuracy of this document, the product
supplement, the prospectus supplement or the prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. The notes will be our
unsecured obligations and will not be savings accounts or deposits that are insured by the United States Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,
the Deposit Insurance Fund, the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency or instrumentality or other entity.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 6pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">On the date hereof, based on the terms set forth
above, the estimated initial value of the notes is $976.36 per $1,000 in principal amount. However, as discussed in more detail below,
the actual value of the notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted with accuracy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 6pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>BMO CAPITAL MARKETS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Key Terms of the Notes:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 9pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%">Reference Assets:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%">The shares of VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF (ticker symbol &quot;GDX&quot;) and the shares of Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund (ticker symbol &quot;XLRE&quot;) and the shares of iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF (ticker symbol &quot;IWN&quot;). See &quot;The Reference Assets&quot; below for additional information. </TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Underlying Index:</TD>
    <TD>With respect to VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF, the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index, with respect to Real Estate Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund, the Real Estate Select Sector Index and with respect to the iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 Value ETF, the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Value Index.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Contingent Coupons:</TD>
    <TD>If the closing level of each Reference Asset on an Observation Date is greater than or equal to its Coupon Barrier Level, a Contingent Coupon will be paid on the corresponding Contingent Coupon Payment Date at the Contingent Interest Rate, subject to the Issuer Call feature.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Contingent Interest Rate:</TD>
    <TD>0.9042% per month (approximately 10.85% per annum), if payable. Accordingly, each Contingent Coupon, if payable, will equal $9.042 for each $1,000 in principal amount.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Observation Dates:<SUP>1</SUP></TD>
    <TD>Three trading days prior to each scheduled Contingent Coupon Payment Date. </TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Contingent Coupon Payment <BR>
Dates:<SUP>1</SUP></TD>
    <TD>Interest, if payable, will be paid on the 19th day of each month (or, if such day is not a business day, the next following business day), beginning on December 19, 2025 and ending on the Maturity Date, subject to the Issuer Call feature.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Issuer Call:</TD>
    <TD>Beginning on February 13, 2026, Bank of Montreal may, in its discretion, elect to call the notes in whole, but not in part, on any Observation Date. After the notes are redeemed pursuant to the Issuer Call, investors will not receive any additional payments in respect of the notes. If Bank of Montreal elects to call the notes, the Bank of Montreal will deliver notice to the trustee on or before the applicable Observation Date.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Payment upon Issuer Call:</TD>
    <TD>If Bank of Montreal elects to call the notes, investors will receive their principal amount plus any Contingent Coupon otherwise due on the Call Settlement Date.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Call Settlement Date:<SUP>1</SUP></TD>
    <TD>If Bank of Montreal elects to call the notes, the Contingent Coupon Payment Date immediately following the relevant Observation Date.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Payment at Maturity:</TD>
    <TD>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If the notes are not subject to an Issuer Call, the payment at maturity
    for the notes is based on the performance of the Reference Assets.</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You will receive $1,000 for each $1,000 in principal amount of the note,
    unless a Trigger Event has occurred.</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If a Trigger Event has occurred, you will receive at maturity, for each
    $1,000 in principal amount of your notes, a cash amount equal to:</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">$1,000 + [$1,000 x Percentage Change of the Least
    Performing Reference Asset]</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>This amount will be less than the principal amount
    of your notes, and may be zero.</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You will also receive the final Contingent Coupon, if payable.</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Trigger Event:<SUP>2</SUP></TD>
    <TD>A Trigger Event will be deemed to occur if the Final Level of any Reference Asset is less than its Trigger Level on the Valuation Date.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Least Performing Reference Asset:</TD>
    <TD>The Reference Asset with the lowest Percentage Change. </TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Percentage Change:</TD>
    <TD>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">With respect to each Reference Asset, the quotient, expressed as a percentage,
    of the following formula:</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><U>(Final Level - Initial Level)</U><BR STYLE="clear: right">
    Initial Level</P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Initial Level:<SUP>2</SUP></TD>
    <TD>As set forth on the cover hereof.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Coupon Barrier Level:<SUP>2</SUP></TD>
    <TD>$45.70 with respect to GDX, $24.57 with respect to XLRE and $104.80 with respect to IWN, each of which is 60.00% of the respective Initial Level (rounded to two decimal places).</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Trigger Level:<SUP>2</SUP></TD>
    <TD>$41.89 with respect to GDX, $22.52 with respect to XLRE and $96.07 with respect to IWN, each of which is 55.00% of the respective Initial Level (rounded to two decimal places).</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2; Options: NewSection; Value: 2 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->2<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 9pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%">Final Level:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%">With respect to each Reference Asset, the closing level of that Reference Asset on the Valuation Date.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Pricing Date:</TD>
    <TD>November 14, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Settlement Date:</TD>
    <TD>November 19, 2025</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Valuation Date:<SUP>1</SUP></TD>
    <TD>May 16, 2028</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Maturity Date:<SUP>1</SUP></TD>
    <TD>May 19, 2028</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Physical Delivery Amount:</TD>
    <TD>We will only pay cash on the Maturity Date, and you will have no right to receive any shares of the Reference Asset.</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Calculation Agent:</TD>
    <TD>BMOCM</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Selling Agent:</TD>
    <TD>BMOCM</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><SUP>1</SUP> Subject to the occurrence of a market disruption event,
as described in the accompanying product supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><SUP>2</SUP> As determined by the calculation agent and subject to adjustment
in certain circumstances. See &quot;General Terms of the Notes &mdash; Anti-dilution Adjustments to a Reference Asset that Is an Equity
Security (Including Any ETF)&quot; and &quot;&mdash; Adjustments to a Reference Asset that Is an ETF&quot; in the product supplement for
additional information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Additional Terms of the Notes</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">You should read this document together with the
product supplement dated March 25, 2025, the prospectus supplement dated March 25, 2025 and the prospectus dated March 25, 2025. <B>This
document, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all other prior or contemporaneous
oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas,
structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of ours or the agent.</B> You
should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in Additional Risk Factors Relating to the Notes in the product supplement,
as the notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting
and other advisers before you invest in the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">You may access these documents on the SEC website
at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Product supplement dated March 25, 2025:<BR STYLE="clear: right">
<A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/927971/000121465925004743/b324250424b2.htm">https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/927971/000121465925004743/b324250424b2.htm</A></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Prospectus supplement dated March 25, 2025 and prospectus
dated March 25, 2025:<BR STYLE="clear: right">
<A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/927971/000119312525062081/d840917d424b5.htm">https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/927971/000119312525062081/d840917d424b5.htm</A></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website
is 927971. As used in this document, &quot;we&quot;, &quot;us&quot; or &quot;our&quot; refers to Bank of Montreal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Selected Risk Considerations</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">An investment in the notes involves significant
risks. Investing in the notes is not equivalent to investing directly in the Reference Assets. These risks are explained in more detail
in the &ldquo;Additional Risk Factors Relating to the Notes&rdquo; section of the product supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Risks Related to the Structure or Features of the Notes</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Your investment in the notes may result in a loss. </B> &mdash; The notes do not guarantee any return of principal. If the notes
are not subject to an Issuer Call, the payment at maturity will be based on the Final Level of each Reference Asset and whether a Trigger
Event has occurred. If the Final Level of any Reference Asset is less than its Trigger Level, a Trigger Event will occur, and you will
lose 1% of the principal amount for each 1% that the Final Level of the Least Performing Reference Asset is less than its Initial Level.
In such a case, you will receive at maturity a cash payment that is less than the principal amount of the notes and may be zero. <B>Accordingly,
you could lose your entire investment in the notes.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>You may not receive any Contingent Coupons with respect to your notes.</B> &mdash; We will not necessarily make periodic interest
payments on the notes. If the closing level of any Reference Asset on an Observation Date is less than its Coupon Barrier Level, we will
not pay you the Contingent Coupon applicable to that Observation Date. If the closing level of a Reference Asset is less than its Coupon
Barrier Level on each of the Observation Dates, we will not pay you any Contingent Coupons during the term of the notes, and you will
not receive a positive return on the notes. Generally, this non-payment of any Contingent Coupons will coincide with a greater risk of
principal loss on your notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>We may elect to call the notes, and the notes are subject to reinvestment risk.</B> &mdash; We may elect to call the notes at our
discretion prior to the Maturity Date. If we elect to call your notes early, you will not receive any additional Contingent Coupons on
the notes, and you may not be able to reinvest your proceeds in an investment with returns that are comparable to the notes. Further,
our right to call the notes may also adversely impact your ability to sell your notes in the secondary market. It is more likely that
we will elect to call the notes prior to maturity when the expected amounts payable on the notes are greater than the amount that would
be payable on other instruments issued by us of comparable maturity, terms and credit rating trading in the market. The greater likelihood
of us calling the notes in that environment increases the risk that you will not be able to reinvest the proceeds from the called notes
in an equivalent investment with similar potential returns. To the extent you are able to reinvest such proceeds in an investment comparable
to the notes, you may incur transaction costs such as dealer discounts and hedging costs built into the price of the new securities. We
are less likely to call the notes prior to maturity when the expected amounts payable on the notes are less than the amounts that would
be payable on other comparable instruments issued by us, which includes when a Reference Asset is performing unfavorably to you. Therefore,
the notes are more likely to remain outstanding when the expected amount payable on the notes is less than what would be payable on other
comparable instruments and when your risk of not receiving any positive return on your initial investment is relatively higher.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Your return on the notes is limited to the Contingent Coupons, if any, regardless of any appreciation in the value of any Reference
Asset.</B> &mdash; You will not receive a payment at maturity with a value greater than your principal amount plus the final Contingent
Coupon, if payable. In addition, if the notes are subject to an Issuer Call, you will not receive a payment greater than the principal
amount plus any applicable Contingent Coupon. Accordingly, your maximum return on the applicable notes is limited to the potential return
represented by the Contingent Coupons.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Whether you receive any Contingent Coupons and your payment at maturity may be determined solely by reference to the least performing
Reference Asset, even if any other Reference Assets perform better. </B> - We will only make each Contingent Coupon payment on the notes
if the closing level of each Reference Asset on the applicable Observation Date exceeds the applicable Coupon Barrier, even if the values
of any other Reference Assets have increased significantly. Similarly, if a Trigger Event occurs with respect to any Reference Asset and
the Final Level of any Reference Asset is less than its Initial Level, your payment at maturity will be determined by reference to the
performance of the Least Performing Reference Asset. Even if the levels of any other Reference Assets have appreciated in value over the
term of the notes, or have experienced a decline that is less than that of the Least Performing Reference Asset, your return at maturity
will only be determined by reference to the performance of the Least Performing Reference Asset if a Trigger Event occurs.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>The payments on the notes will be determined by reference to each Reference Asset individually, not to a basket, and the payments
on the notes will be based on the performance of the least performing Reference Asset. </B> - Whether each Contingent Coupon is payable,
and the payment at maturity if a Trigger Event occurs, will be determined only by reference to the performance of the least performing
Reference Asset as of the applicable Observation Date and/or Valuation Date, regardless of the performance of any other Reference Assets.
The notes are not linked to a weighted basket, in which the risk may be mitigated and diversified among each of the basket components.
For example, in the case of notes linked to a weighted basket, the return would depend on the weighted aggregate performance of the basket
components reflected as the basket return. As a result, the depreciation of one basket component could be mitigated by the appreciation
of the other basket components, as scaled by the weighting of that basket component. However, in the case of the notes, the individual
performance of each Reference Asset will not be combined, and the depreciation of one Reference Asset will not be mitigated by any appreciation
of any other Reference Assets. Instead, your receipt of Contingent Coupon payments on the notes will depend on the value of each Reference
Asset on each Observation Date, and your return at maturity will depend solely on the Final Level of the Least Performing Reference Asset
if a Trigger Event occurs.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Your return on the notes may be lower than the return on a conventional debt security of comparable maturity. </B> &mdash; The
return that you will receive on your notes, which could be negative, may be less than the return you could earn on other investments.
The notes do not provide for fixed interest payments and you may not receive any Contingent Coupons over the term of the notes. Even if
you do receive one or more Contingent Coupons and your return on the notes is positive, your return may be less than the return you would
earn if you bought a conventional senior interest bearing debt security of ours with the same maturity or if you invested directly in
the Reference Assets. Your investment may not reflect the full opportunity cost to you when you take into account factors that affect
the time value of money.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>A higher Contingent Interest Rate or lower Trigger Levels or Coupon Barrier Levels may reflect greater expected volatility of the
Reference Assets, and greater expected volatility generally indicates an increased risk of loss at maturity. </B> &mdash; The economic
terms for the notes, including the Contingent Interest Rate, Coupon Barrier Levels and Trigger Levels, are based, in part, on the expected
volatility of the Reference Assets at the time the terms of the notes are set. &ldquo;Volatility&rdquo; refers to the frequency and magnitude
of changes in the level of a Reference Asset. The greater the expected volatility of the Reference Assets as of the Pricing Date, the
greater the expectation is as of that date that the closing level of a Reference Asset could be less than its Coupon Barrier Level on
any Observation Date and that a Trigger Event could occur and, as a consequence, indicates an increased risk of not receiving a Contingent
Coupon and an increased risk of loss, respectively. All things being equal, this greater expected volatility will generally be reflected
in a higher Contingent Interest Rate than the yield payable on our conventional debt securities with a similar maturity or on otherwise
comparable securities, and/or a lower Trigger Levels and/or Coupon Barrier Levels than those terms on otherwise comparable securities.
Therefore, a relatively higher Contingent Interest Rate may indicate an increased risk of loss. Further, relatively lower Trigger Levels
and/or Coupon Barriers may not necessarily indicate that the notes have a greater likelihood of a return of principal at maturity and/or
paying Contingent Coupons. You should be willing to accept the downside market risk of the Reference Assets and the potential to lose
a significant portion or all of your initial investment.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Risks Related to the Reference Assets</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Owning the notes is not the same as owning shares of the Reference Assets or a security directly linked to the Reference Assets.</B>
&mdash; The return on your notes will not reflect the return you would realize if you actually owned shares of the Reference Assets or
a security directly linked to the performance of the Reference Assets and held that investment for a similar period. Your notes may trade
quite differently from the Reference Assets. Changes in the level of a Reference Asset may not result in comparable changes in the market
value of your notes. Even if the levels of the Reference Assets increase during the term of the notes, the market value of the notes prior
to maturity may not increase to the same extent. It is also possible for the market value of the notes to decrease while the levels of
the Reference Assets increase. In addition, any dividends or other distributions paid on a Reference Asset will not be reflected in the
amount payable on the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>You will not have any shareholder rights and will have no right to receive any shares of the Reference Assets (or any company included
in a Reference Asset) at maturity. </B> &mdash; Investing in your notes will not make you a holder of any shares of the Reference Assets
or any securities held by the Reference Assets. Neither you nor any other holder or owner of the notes will have any voting rights, any
right to receive dividends or other distributions, or any other rights with respect to the Reference Assets or such underlying securities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>No delivery of shares of the Reference Assets. </B> &mdash; The notes will be payable only in cash. You should not invest in the
notes if you seek to have the shares of a Reference Asset delivered to you at maturity.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Changes that affect an Underlying Index will affect the market value of the notes, whether the notes will be automatically redeemed,
and the amount you will receive at maturity. </B> &mdash; With respect to each Reference Asset, the policies of the applicable index sponsor
concerning the calculation of the applicable Underlying Index, additions, deletions or substitutions of the components of the applicable
Underlying Index and the manner in which changes affecting those components, such as stock dividends, reorganizations or mergers, may
be reflected in the applicable Reference Asset and, therefore, could affect the share price of the Reference Asset, the amounts payable
on the notes, whether the notes are automatically redeemed, and the market value of the notes prior to maturity. The amount payable on
the notes and their market value could also be affected if the applicable index sponsor changes these policies, for example, by changing
the manner in which it calculates the applicable Underlying Index, or if the applicable index sponsor discontinues or suspends the calculation
or publication of the applicable Underlying Index.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>We have no affiliation with any index sponsor of any Underlying Index and will not be responsible for any index sponsor's actions.</B>
&mdash; The sponsors of the Underlying Indices are not our affiliates and will not be involved in the offering of the notes in any way.
Consequently, we have no control over the actions of any index sponsor , including any actions of the type that would require the calculation
agent to adjust the payment to you at maturity. The index sponsors have no obligation of any sort with respect to the notes. Thus, the
index sponsors have no obligation to take your interests into consideration for any reason, including in taking any actions that might
affect the value of the notes. None of our proceeds from the issuance of the notes will be delivered to any index sponsor of any Underlying
Index.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Adjustments to a Reference Asset could adversely affect the notes. </B> &mdash; The sponsor and advisor of each Reference Asset
is responsible for calculating and maintaining that Reference Asset. The sponsor and advisor of each Reference Asset can add, delete or
substitute the stocks comprising that Reference Asset or make other methodological changes that could change the share price of the applicable
Reference Asset at any time. If one or more of these events occurs, the calculation of the amount payable at maturity may be adjusted
to reflect such event or events. Consequently, any of these actions could adversely affect the amount payable at maturity and/or the market
value of the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>We and our affiliates do not have any affiliation with any applicable investment advisor or any Reference Asset Issuer and are
not responsible for their public disclosure of information. </B> &mdash; The investment advisor of each Reference Asset advises the issuer
of the applicable Reference Asset (each, a &ldquo;Reference Asset Issuer&rdquo; and, collectively, the &ldquo;Reference Asset Issuers&rdquo;)
on various matters, including matters relating to the policies, maintenance and calculation of the applicable Reference Asset. We and
our affiliates are not affiliated with the investment advisor of any Reference Asset or any Reference Asset Issuer in any way and have
no ability to control or predict their actions, including any errors in or discontinuance of disclosure regarding the methods or policies
relating to a Reference Asset. No investment advisor of a Reference Asset nor any Reference Asset Issuer is involved in the offerings
of the notes in any way and has no obligation to consider your interests as an owner of the notes in taking any actions relating to a
Reference Asset that might affect the value of the notes. Neither we nor any of our affiliates has independently verified the adequacy
or accuracy of the information about any investment advisor or any Reference Asset Issuer contained in any public disclosure of information.
You, as an investor in the notes, should make your own investigation into the Reference Asset Issuers.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>The correlation between the performance of a Reference Asset and the performance of the applicable Underlying Index may be imperfect.</B>
&mdash; The performance of each Reference Asset is linked principally to the performance of the applicable Underlying Index. However,
because of the potential discrepancies identified in more detail in the product supplement, the return on a Reference Asset may correlate
imperfectly with the return on the applicable Underlying Index.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>The Reference Assets are subject to management risks. </B> &mdash; The Reference Assets are subject to management risk, which is
the risk that the applicable investment advisor&rsquo;s investment strategy, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints,
may not produce the intended results. For example, the applicable investment advisor may invest a portion of a Reference Asset Issuer&rsquo;s
assets in securities not included in the relevant industry or sector but which the applicable investment advisor believes will help applicable
the Reference Asset track the relevant industry or sector.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>You must rely on your own evaluation of the merits of an investment linked to the Reference Assets.</B> &mdash; In the ordinary
course of their businesses, our affiliates from time to time may express views on expected movements in the prices of the Reference Assets
or the prices of the securities held by the Reference Assets. One or more of our affiliates have published, and in the future may publish,
research reports that express views on the Reference Assets or these securities. However, these views are subject to change from time
to time. Moreover, other professionals who deal in the markets relating to the Reference Assets at any time may have significantly different
views from those of our affiliates. You are encouraged to derive information concerning the Reference Assets from multiple sources, and
you should not rely on the views expressed by our affiliates.<BR STYLE="clear: right">
Neither the offering of the notes nor any views which our affiliates from time to time may express in the ordinary course of their businesses
constitutes a recommendation as to the merits of an investment in the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Risks Relating to VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF, and therefore an investment in the notes, is subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk. </B>
&mdash; The share price of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF will fluctuate based upon its net asset value, which will in turn depend in
part upon changes in the value of the currencies in which the stocks held by the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF are traded. Accordingly,
investors in the notes will be exposed to currency exchange rate risk with respect to each of these currencies. An investor&rsquo;s net
exposure will depend on the extent to which these currencies strengthen or weaken against the U.S. dollar. If the dollar strengthens against
these currencies, the net asset value of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF will be adversely affected and the price of its shares may decrease.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>An investment in the notes is subject to risks associated with foreign securities markets.</B> &mdash; The Underlying Index of
the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF tracks the value of certain foreign equity securities. You should be aware that investments in securities
linked to the value of foreign equity securities involve particular risks. The foreign securities markets comprising the Underlying Index
of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF may have less liquidity and may be more volatile than U.S. or other securities markets and market developments
may affect foreign markets differently from U.S. or other securities markets. Direct or indirect government intervention to stabilize
these foreign securities markets, as well as cross-shareholdings in foreign companies, may affect trading prices and volumes in these
markets. Also, there is generally less publicly available information about foreign companies than about those U.S. companies that are
subject to the reporting requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, and foreign companies are subject to accounting,
auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements that differ from those applicable to U.S. reporting companies.<BR STYLE="clear: right">
Prices of securities in foreign countries are subject to political, economic, financial and social factors that apply in those geographical
regions. These factors, which could negatively affect those securities markets, include the possibility of recent or future changes in
a foreign government&rsquo;s economic and fiscal policies, the possible imposition of, or changes in, currency exchange laws or other
laws or restrictions applicable to foreign companies or investments in foreign equity securities and the possibility of fluctuations in
the rate of exchange between currencies, the possibility of outbreaks of hostility and political instability and the possibility of natural
disaster or adverse public health developments in the region. Moreover, foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the
U.S. economy in important respects such as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources and self-sufficiency.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>An investment in the notes is subject to risks associated with emerging markets.</B> &mdash; The Underlying Index of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP>
Gold Miners ETF consists of stocks issued by companies in countries with emerging markets. Countries with emerging markets may have relatively
unstable governments, may present the risks of nationalization of businesses, restrictions on foreign ownership and prohibitions on the
repatriation of assets, and may have less protection of property rights than more developed countries. The economies of countries with
emerging markets may be based on only a few industries, may be highly vulnerable to changes in local or global trade conditions (due to
economic dependence upon commodity prices and international trade), and may suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens, currency devaluations
or inflation rates. Local securities markets may trade a small number of securities and may be unable to respond effectively to increases
in trading volume, potentially making prompt liquidation of holdings difficult or impossible at times.<BR STYLE="clear: right">
The shares tracked by the Underlying Index of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF may be listed on a foreign stock exchange. A foreign stock
exchange may impose trading limitations intended to prevent extreme fluctuations in individual security prices and may suspend trading
in certain circumstances. These actions could limit variations in the levels of the of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF, which could, in
turn, adversely affect the value of, and amount payable on, the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>An investment in the notes is subject to risks associated with concentration in the gold and silver mining industries.</B> &mdash;
All or substantially all of the equity securities held by the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF are issued by gold or silver mining companies.
An investment in the notes will be exposed to risks in the gold and silver mining industries. As a result of being linked to a single
industry or sector, the notes may have increased volatility as the share price of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF may be more susceptible
to adverse factors that affect that industry or sector. Competitive pressures may have a significant effect on the financial condition
of companies in these industries.<BR STYLE="clear: right">
In addition, these companies are highly dependent on the price of gold or silver, as applicable. These prices fluctuate widely and may
be affected by numerous factors. Factors affecting gold prices include economic factors, including, among other things, the structure
of and confidence in the global monetary system, expectations of the future rate of inflation, the relative strength of, and confidence
in, the U.S. dollar (the currency in which the price of gold is generally quoted), interest rates and gold borrowing and lending rates,
and global or regional economic, financial, political, regulatory, judicial or other events. Gold prices may also be affected by industry
factors such as industrial and jewelry demand, lending, sales and purchases of gold by the official sector, including central banks and
other governmental agencies and multilateral institutions which hold gold, levels of gold production and production costs, and short-term
changes in supply and demand because of trading activities in the gold market. Factors affecting silver prices include general economic
trends, technical developments, substitution issues and regulation, as well as specific factors including industrial and jewelry demand,
expectations with respect to the rate of inflation, the relative strength of the U.S. dollar (the currency in which the price of silver
is generally quoted) and other currencies, interest rates, central bank sales, forward sales by producers, global or regional political
or economic events, and production costs and disruptions in major silver producing countries.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Relationship to gold and silver bullion.</B> &mdash; The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF invests in shares of gold and silver mining
companies, but not in gold bullion or silver bullion. The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF may under- or over-perform gold bullion and/or silver
bullion over the term of the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF has recently transitioned to tracking a new underlying index, which could adversely affect its
performance.</B> &mdash; <FONT STYLE="color: #404040">Prior </FONT>to September 19, 2025, the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF sought to replicate
as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the price and yield performance of the NYSE Arca Gold Miners Index. After market close
on September 19, 2025, the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF&rsquo;s benchmark index became the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index. The MarketVector
Global Gold Miners Index differs from the NYSE Arca Gold Miners Index in important ways, including use of different market capitalization
criteria for inclusion in the index and different weighting schemes, and the composition of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF has changed
as a result of this transition. <FONT STYLE="color: #404040"><BR>
When evaluating the historical performance of the </FONT>VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF<FONT STYLE="color: #404040">, you should bear in
mind that the index tracked by the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF before market close on September 19, 2025 is different from
the index that the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF tracks currently. The historical performance of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold
Miners ETF might have been meaningfully different (positive or negative) had the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF tracked the MarketVector
Global Gold Miners Index before market close on September 19, 2025.<BR>
We cannot predict what effect these changes may have on the performance of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF. It is possible
that these changes could adversely affect the performance of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF and, in turn, your return on the
notes.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Risks Related to the Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>An investment in the notes is subject to risks associated with concentration in the real estate sector.</B> &mdash; All or substantially
all of the securities held by the Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund are issued by companies whose primary line of business is directly
associated with the real estate sector. As a result, the value of the notes may be subject to greater volatility and be more adversely
affected by a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting this sector than a different investment linked to securities
of a more broadly diversified group of issuers. An investment in a real property company may be subject to risks similar to those associated
with direct ownership of real estate, including the possibility of declines in the value of real estate, losses from casualty or condemnation
and changes in local and general economic conditions, supply and demand, interest rates, environmental liability, zoning laws, regulatory
limitations on rents, property taxes and operating expenses. Some real property companies have limited diversification because they invest
in a limited number of properties, a narrow geographic area or a single type of property. Real estate investment trusts (&ldquo;REITs&rdquo;)
are subject to the risks associated with investing in the securities of real property companies. In particular, REITs may be affected
by changes in the values of the underlying properties that they own or operate. Further, REITs are dependent upon specialized management
skills and their investments may be concentrated in relatively few properties or in a small geographic area or a single property type.
REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency and, as a result, are particularly reliant on the proper functioning of capital markets.
A variety of economic and other factors may adversely affect a lessee&rsquo;s ability to meet its obligations to a REIT. In the event
of a default by a lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a lessor and may incur substantial costs associated
in protecting its investments. In addition, a REIT could fail to qualify for favorable tax or regulatory treatment. These factors could
affect the real estate sector and could affect the value of the equity securities held by the Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund
and the price of the Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund during the term of the notes, which may adversely affect the value of your
notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Risks Related to the iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>An investment in the notes is subject to risks associated in investing in stocks with a small market capitalization. </B>&mdash;
The iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF invests in stocks issued by companies with relatively small market capitalizations. These companies
often have greater stock price volatility, lower trading volume and less liquidity than large-capitalization companies. As a result, the
level of the iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF may be more volatile than that of a market measure that does not track solely small-capitalization
stocks. Stock prices of small-capitalization companies are also generally more vulnerable than those of large-capitalization companies
to adverse business and economic developments, and the stocks of small-capitalization companies may be thinly traded, and be less attractive
to many investors if they do not pay dividends. In addition, small capitalization companies are typically less well-established and less
stable financially than large-capitalization companies and may depend on a small number of key personnel, making them more vulnerable
to loss of those individuals. Small capitalization companies tend to have lower revenues, less diverse product lines, smaller shares of
their target markets, fewer financial resources and fewer competitive strengths than large-capitalization companies. These companies may
also be more susceptible to adverse developments related to their products or services.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>General Risk Factors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Your investment is subject to the credit risk of Bank of Montreal.</B> &mdash; Our credit ratings and credit spreads may adversely
affect the market value of the notes. Investors are dependent on our ability to pay any amounts due on the notes, and therefore investors
are subject to our credit risk and to changes in the market&rsquo;s view of our creditworthiness. Any decline in our credit ratings or
increase in the credit spreads charged by the market for taking our credit risk is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Potential conflicts.</B> &mdash; We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the issuance of the notes, including
acting as calculation agent. In performing these duties, the economic interests of the calculation agent and other affiliates of ours
are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. We or one or more of our affiliates may also engage in trading
of shares of the Reference Assets or the securities held by a Reference Asset on a regular basis as part of our general broker-dealer
and other businesses, for proprietary accounts, for other accounts under management or to facilitate transactions for our customers. Any
of these activities could adversely affect the level of the Reference Assets and, therefore, the market value of, and the payments on,
the notes. We or one or more of our affiliates may also issue or underwrite other securities or financial or derivative instruments with
returns linked or related to changes in the performance of the Reference Assets. By introducing competing products into the marketplace
in this manner, we or one or more of our affiliates could adversely affect the market value of the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Our initial estimated value of the notes is lower than the price to public.</B> &mdash; Our initial estimated value of the notes
is only an estimate, and is based on a number of factors. The price to public of the notes exceeds our initial estimated value, because
costs associated with offering, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the price to public, but are not included in the estimated
value. These costs include any underwriting discount and selling concessions, the profits that we and our affiliates expect to realize
for assuming the risks in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging these obligations.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Our initial estimated value does not represent any future value of the notes, and may also differ from the estimated value of any
other party.</B> &mdash; Our initial estimated value of the notes as of the date hereof is derived using our internal pricing models.
This value is based on market conditions and other relevant factors, which include volatility of the Reference Assets, dividend rates
and interest rates. Different pricing models and assumptions could provide values for the notes that are greater than or less than our
initial estimated value. In addition, market conditions and other relevant factors after the Pricing Date are expected to change, possibly
rapidly, and our assumptions may prove to be incorrect. After the Pricing Date, the value of the notes could change dramatically due to
changes in market conditions, our creditworthiness, and the other factors set forth herein and in the product supplement. These changes
are likely to impact the price, if any, at which we or BMOCM would be willing to purchase the notes from you in any secondary market transactions.
Our initial estimated value does not represent a minimum price at which we or our affiliates would be willing to buy your notes in any
secondary market at any time.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>The terms of the notes were not determined by reference to the credit spreads for our conventional fixed-rate debt. </B> &mdash;
To determine the terms of the notes, we used an internal funding rate that represents a discount from the credit spreads for our conventional
fixed-rate debt. As a result, the terms of the notes are less favorable to you than if we had used a higher funding rate.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Certain costs are likely to adversely affect the value of the notes.</B> &mdash; Absent any changes in market conditions, any secondary
market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the price to public. This is because any secondary market prices will likely take
into account our then-current market credit spreads, and because any secondary market prices are likely to exclude all or a portion of
any underwriting discount and selling concessions, and the hedging profits and estimated hedging costs that are included in the price
to public of the notes and that may be reflected on your account statements. In addition, any such price is also likely to reflect a discount
to account for costs associated with establishing or unwinding any related hedge transaction, such as dealer discounts, mark-ups and other
transaction costs. As a result, the price, if any, at which BMOCM or any other party may be willing to purchase the notes from you in
secondary market transactions, if at all, will likely be lower than the price to public. Any sale that you make prior to the Maturity
Date could result in a substantial loss to you.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Lack of liquidity.</B> &mdash; The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. BMOCM may offer to purchase the notes in
the secondary market, but is not required to do so. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow
you to trade or sell the notes easily. Because other dealers are not likely to make a secondary market for the notes, the price at which
you may be able to trade the notes is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which BMOCM is willing to buy the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Hedging and trading activities.</B> &mdash; We or any of our affiliates have carried out or may carry out hedging activities related
to the notes, including purchasing or selling shares of the Reference Assets or securities held by the Reference Assets, futures or options
relating to the Reference Assets or securities held by the Reference Assets or other derivative instruments with returns linked or related
to changes in the performance on the Reference Assets or securities held by the Reference Assets. We or our affiliates may also trade
in the Reference Assets, such securities, or instruments related to the Reference Assets or such securities from time to time. Any of
these hedging or trading activities on or prior to the Pricing Date and during the term of the notes could adversely affect the payments
on the notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the notes.</B> &mdash; In addition to the levels of the Reference
Assets and interest rates on any trading day, the value of the notes will be affected by a number of economic and market factors that
may either offset or magnify each other, and which are described in more detail in the product supplement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><B>Significant aspects of the tax treatment of the notes are uncertain.</B> &mdash; The tax treatment of the notes is uncertain. We
do not plan to request a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or from any Canadian authorities regarding the tax treatment of the
notes, and the Internal Revenue Service or a court may not agree with the tax treatment described herein.<BR STYLE="clear: right">
The Internal Revenue Service has released a notice that may affect the taxation of holders of &ldquo;prepaid forward contracts&rdquo;
and similar instruments. According to the notice, the Internal Revenue Service and the U.S. Treasury are actively considering whether
the holder of such instruments should be required to accrue ordinary income on a current basis. While it is not clear whether the notes
would be viewed as similar to such instruments, it is possible that any future guidance could materially and adversely affect the tax
consequences of an investment in the notes, possibly with retroactive effect.<BR STYLE="clear: right">
Please read carefully the section entitled &quot;U.S. Federal Tax Information&quot; herein, the section entitled &quot;Supplemental Tax
Considerations&ndash;Supplemental U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&quot; in the accompanying product supplement, the section entitled
&quot;United States Federal Income Taxation&quot; in the accompanying prospectus and the section entitled &quot;Certain Income Tax Consequences&quot;
in the accompanying prospectus supplement. You should consult your tax advisor about your own tax situation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->9<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Examples of the Hypothetical Payment at Maturity for a $1,000 Investment
in the Notes </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table illustrates the hypothetical
payments on a note at maturity, assuming that the notes are not subject to an Issuer Call. The hypothetical payments are based on a $1,000
investment in the note, a hypothetical Initial Level of $100.00, a hypothetical Trigger Level of $55.00 (55.00% of the hypothetical Initial
Level), a range of hypothetical Final Levels and the effect on the payment at maturity .</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The hypothetical examples shown below are intended
to help you understand the terms of the notes. If the notes are not subject to an Issuer Call, the actual cash amount that you will receive
at maturity will depend upon the Final Level of the Least Performing Reference Asset. If the notes are subject to an Issuer Call prior
to maturity, the hypothetical examples below will not be relevant, and you will receive on the applicable Call Settlement Date, for each
$1,000 principal amount, the principal amount plus any applicable Contingent Coupon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">As discussed in more detail above, your total return
on the notes will also depend on the number of Contingent Coupon Dates on which the Contingent Coupon is payable. It is possible that
the only payments on your notes will be the payment, if any, due at maturity. The payment at maturity will not exceed the principal amount,
and may be significantly less.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 9pt">
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #BFBFBF">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 34%; border: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><B>Hypothetical Final Level of the <BR>
Least Performing Reference Asset</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 33%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><B>Hypothetical Final Level of the <BR>
Least Performing Reference Asset <BR>
Expressed as a Percentage of its <BR>
Initial Level </B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 33%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><B>Payment at Maturity (Excluding <BR>
Coupons)</B></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$200.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">200.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$180.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">180.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$160.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">160.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$140.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">140.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$120.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">120.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #BFBFBF">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$100.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">100.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$90.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">90.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$80.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">80.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$70.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">70.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$60.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">60.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: #BFBFBF">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$55.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">55.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$1,000.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$54.99</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">54.99%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$549.90</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$40.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">40.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$400.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$20.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">20.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$200.00</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$0.00</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">0.00%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center">$0.00</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->10<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>U.S. Federal Tax Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">By purchasing the notes, each holder agrees (in
the absence of a change in law, an administrative determination or a judicial ruling to the contrary) to treat each note as a pre-paid
contingent income-bearing derivative contract for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In the opinion of our counsel, Mayer Brown LLP, it
would generally be reasonable to treat the notes as pre-paid contingent income-bearing derivative contracts in respect of the Reference
Assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in the notes are uncertain
and the Internal Revenue Service could assert that the notes should be taxed in a manner that is different from that described in the
preceding sentence. Please see the discussion in the accompanying product supplement under &quot;Supplemental Tax Considerations&mdash;Supplemental
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Notes Treated as Investment Units Consisting of a Debt Portion and a Put Option, as Pre-Paid
Contingent Income-Bearing Derivative Contracts, or as Pre-Paid Derivative Contracts&mdash;Notes Treated as Pre-Paid Contingent Income-Bearing
Derivative Contracts,&quot; which applies to the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->11<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">BMOCM will purchase the notes from us at a purchase
price reflecting the commission set forth on the cover hereof. BMOCM has informed us that, as part of its distribution of the notes, it
will reoffer the notes to other dealers who will sell them. Each such dealer, or each additional dealer engaged by a dealer to whom BMOCM
reoffers the notes, will receive a commission from BMOCM, which will not exceed the commission set forth on the cover page. &nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain dealers who purchase the notes for sale
to certain fee-based advisory accounts may forego some or all of their selling concessions, fees or commissions. The public offering price
for investors purchasing the notes in these accounts may be less than 100% of the principal amount, as set forth on the cover page of
this document. Investors that hold their notes in these accounts may be charged fees by the investment advisor or manager of that account
based on the amount of assets held in those accounts, including the notes.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will deliver the notes on a date that is greater
than one business day following the pricing date. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange
Act&rdquo;), trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in one business day, unless the parties to any such trade
expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade the notes more than one business day prior to the issue date will
be required to specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We own, directly or indirectly, all of the outstanding
equity securities of BMOCM, the agent for this offering. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, BMOCM may not make sales in this offering
to any of its discretionary accounts without the prior written approval of the customer.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">You should not construe the offering of the notes
as a recommendation of the merits of acquiring an investment linked to the Reference Assets or as to the suitability of an investment
in the notes.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">BMOCM may, but is not obligated to, make a market
in the notes. BMOCM will determine any secondary market prices that it is prepared to offer in its sole discretion.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may use this pricing supplement in the initial sale of the notes.
In addition, BMOCM or another of our affiliates may use this pricing supplement in market-making transactions in any notes after their
initial sale. Unless BMOCM or we inform you otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this pricing supplement is being used by BMOCM in a
market-making transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For a period of approximately three months following
issuance of the notes, the price, if any, at which we or our affiliates would be willing to buy the notes from investors, and the value
that BMOCM may also publish for the notes through one or more financial information vendors and which could be indicated for the notes
on any brokerage account statements, will reflect a temporary upward adjustment from our estimated value of the notes that would otherwise
be determined and applicable at that time. This temporary upward adjustment represents a portion of (a) the hedging profit that we or
our affiliates expect to realize over the term of the notes and (b) any underwriting discount and the selling concessions paid in connection
with this offering. The amount of this temporary upward adjustment will decline to zero on a straight-line basis over the three-month
period.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The notes and the related offer to purchase notes
and sale of notes under the terms and conditions provided herein do not constitute a public offering in any non-U.S. jurisdiction, and
are being made available only to individually identified investors pursuant to a private offering as permitted in the relevant jurisdiction.
The notes are not, and will not be, registered with any securities exchange or registry located outside of the United States and have
not been registered with any non-U.S. securities or banking regulatory authority. The contents of this document have not been reviewed
or approved by any non-U.S. securities or banking regulatory authority. Any person who wishes to acquire the notes from outside the United
States should seek the advice or legal counsel as to the relevant requirements to acquire these notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>British Virgin Islands.</I> The notes have not
been, and will not be, registered under the laws and regulations of the British Virgin Islands, nor has any regulatory authority in the
British Virgin Islands passed comment upon or approved the accuracy or adequacy of this document. This pricing supplement and the related
documents shall not constitute an offer, invitation or solicitation to any member of the public in the British Virgin Islands for the
purposes of the Securities and Investment Business Act, 2010, of the British Virgin Islands.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Cayman Islands.</I> Pursuant to the Companies
Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands, no invitation may be made to the public in the Cayman Islands to subscribe for the notes by or
on behalf of the issuer unless at the time of such invitation the issuer is listed on the Cayman Islands Stock Exchange. The issuer is
not presently listed on the Cayman Islands Stock Exchange and, accordingly, no invitation to the public in the Cayman Islands is to be
made by the issuer (or by any dealer on its behalf). No such invitation is made to the public in the Cayman Islands hereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Dominican Republic.</I> Nothing in this pricing
supplement constitutes an offer of securities for sale in the Dominican Republic. The notes have not been, and will not be, registered
with the Superintendence of Securities Market of the Dominican Republic (Superintendencia del Mercado de Valores), under Dominican Securities
Market Law No. 249-17 (&ldquo;Securities Law 249-17&rdquo;), and the notes may not be offered or sold within the Dominican Republic or
to, or for the account or benefit of, Dominican persons (as defined under Securities Law 249-17 and its regulations). Failure to comply
with these directives may result in a violation of Securities Law 249-17 and its regulations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Israel.</I> This pricing supplement is intended
solely for investors listed in the First Supplement of the Israeli Securities Law of 1968, as amended. A prospectus has not been prepared
or filed, and will not be prepared or filed, in Israel relating to the notes offered hereunder. The notes cannot be resold in Israel other
than to investors listed in the First Supplement of the Israeli Securities Law of 1968, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">No action will be taken in Israel that would permit
an offering of the notes or the distribution of any offering document or any other material to the public in Israel. In particular, no
offering document or other material has been reviewed or approved by the Israel Securities Authority. Any material provided to an offeree
in Israel may not be reproduced or used for any other purpose, nor be furnished to any other person other than those to whom copies have
been provided directly by us or the selling agents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 12 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->12<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Nothing in this pricing supplement or any other
offering material relating to the notes, should be considered as the rendering of a recommendation or advice, including investment advice
or investment marketing under the Law For Regulation of Investment Advice, Investment Marketing and Investment Portfolio Management, 1995,
to purchase any note. The purchase of any note will be based on an investor&rsquo;s own understanding, for the investor&rsquo;s own benefit
and for the investor&rsquo;s own account and not with the aim or intention of distributing or offering to other parties. In purchasing
the notes, each investor declares that it has the knowledge, expertise and experience in financial and business matters so as to be capable
of evaluating the risks and merits of an investment in the notes, without relying on any of the materials provided.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Mexico.</I> The notes have not been registered
with the National Registry of Securities maintained by the Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission and may not be offered or
sold publicly in Mexico. This pricing supplement and the related documents may not be publicly distributed in Mexico. The notes may only
be offered in a private offering pursuant to Article 8 of the Securities Market Law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Switzerland.</I> This pricing supplement is not
intended to constitute an offer or solicitation to purchase or invest in any notes. Neither this pricing supplement nor any other offering
or marketing material relating to the notes constitutes a prospectus compliant with the requirements of articles 35 et seq. of the Swiss
Financial Services Act (&quot;FinSA&quot;)) for a public offering of the notes in Switzerland and no such prospectus has been or will
be prepared for or in connection with the offering of the notes in Switzerland.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Neither this pricing supplement nor any other offering
or marketing material relating to the notes has been or will be filed with or approved by a Swiss review body (Pr&uuml;fstelle). No application
has been or is intended to be made to admit the notes to trading on any trading venue (SIX Swiss Exchange or on any other exchange or
any multilateral trading facility) in Switzerland. Neither this pricing supplement nor any other offering or marketing material relating
to the notes may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The notes may not be publicly offered, directly
or indirectly, in Switzerland within the meaning of FinSA except (i) in any circumstances falling within the exemptions to prepare a prospectus
listed in article 36 para. 1 FinSA or (ii) where such offer does not qualify as a public offer in Switzerland, provided always that no
offer of notes shall require the Issuer or any offeror to publish a prospectus pursuant to article 35 FinSA in respect to such offer and
that such offer shall comply with the additional restrictions set out below (if applicable). The Issuer has not authorised and does not
authorise any offer of notes which would require the Issuer or any offeror to publish a prospectus pursuant to article 35 FinSA in respect
of such offer. For purposes of this provision &quot;public offer&quot; shall have the meaning as such term is understood pursuant to article
3 lit. g and h FinSA and the Swiss Financial Services Ordinance (&quot;FinSO&quot;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The notes do not constitute participations in a
collective investment scheme within the meaning of the Swiss Collective Investment Schemes Act. They are not subject to the approval of,
or supervision by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (&quot;FINMA&quot;), and investors in the notes will not benefit from
protection under CISA or supervision by FINMA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Prohibition of Offer to Private Clients in Switzerland
- No Key Information Document pursuant to article 58 FinSA (Basisinformationsblatt f&uuml;r Finanzinstrumente) or equivalent document
under foreign law pursuant to article 59 para. 2 FinSA has been or will be prepared in relation to the notes. Therefore, the following
additional restriction applies: Notes qualifying as &quot;debt securities with a derivative character&quot; pursuant to article 86 para.
2 FinSO may not be offered within the meaning of article 58 para. 1 FinSA, and neither this pricing supplement nor any other offering
or marketing material relating to such notes may be made available, to any retail client (Privatkunde) within the meaning of FinSA in
Switzerland.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The notes may also be sold in the following jurisdictions,
provided, in each case, any sales are made in accordance with all applicable laws in such jurisdiction:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Barbados</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Bermuda</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->13<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Additional Information Relating to the Estimated Initial Value of
the Notes</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our estimated initial value of the notes on the
date hereof that is set forth on the cover hereof, equals the sum of the values of the following hypothetical components:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>a fixed-income debt component with the same tenor as the notes, valued using our internal funding rate for structured notes; and&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>one or more derivative transactions relating to the economic terms of the notes.&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The internal funding rate used in the determination
of the initial estimated value generally represents a discount from the credit spreads for our conventional fixed-rate debt. The value
of these derivative transactions is derived from our internal pricing models. These models are based on factors such as the traded market
prices of comparable derivative instruments and on other inputs, which include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other factors.
As a result, the estimated initial value of the notes on the Pricing Date was determined based on the market conditions on the Pricing
Date.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->14<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>The Reference Assets</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have derived the following information from publicly
available documents. We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the following information. We are not affiliated
with any Reference Asset Issuer and the Reference Asset Issuers will have no obligations with respect to the notes. This document relates
only to the notes and does not relate to the shares of the Reference Assets or any securities included in any Underlying Index. Neither
we nor any of our affiliates participates in the preparation of the publicly available documents described below. Neither we nor any of
our affiliates has made any due diligence inquiry with respect to the Reference Assets in connection with the offering of the notes. There
can be no assurance that all events occurring prior to the date hereof, including events that would affect the accuracy or completeness
of the publicly available documents described below and that would affect the trading price of the shares of the Reference Assets, have
been or will be publicly disclosed. Subsequent disclosure of any events or the disclosure of or failure to disclose material future events
concerning the Reference Assets could affect the price of the shares of the Reference Assets on each Observation Date and on the Valuation
Date, and therefore could affect the payments on the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The selection of a Reference Asset is not a recommendation
to buy or sell the shares of that Reference Asset. Neither we nor any of our affiliates make any representation to you as to the performance
of the shares of the Reference Assets. Information provided to or filed with the SEC under the Exchange Act and the Investment Company
Act of 1940 relating to the Reference Assets may be obtained through the SEC&rsquo;s website at http://www.sec.gov.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We encourage you to review recent levels of the
Reference Assets prior to making an investment decision with respect to the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF (&ldquo;GDX&rdquo;)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF is an investment
portfolio maintained, managed and advised by Van Eck Associates Corporation. The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF is classified as a &ldquo;non-diversified&rdquo;
fund under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF seeks to provide investment results that correspond generally
to the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index. Information about the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP>
Gold Miners ETF filed with the SEC can be found by reference to its SEC file numbers: 333-123257 and 811-10325 or its CIK Code: 0001137360.
Shares of the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF are listed on the MarketVector under ticker symbol &quot;GDX.&quot;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Prior to September 19, 2025, the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold
Miners ETF sought to replicate as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the price and yield performance of the NYSE Arca Gold
Miners Index. After market close on September 19, 2025, the VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF&rsquo;s benchmark index became the NYSE MarketVector
Global Gold Miners Index. The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index differs from the NYSE Arca Gold Miners Index in important ways, including
use of different market capitalization criteria for inclusion in the index and different weighting schemes, and the composition of the
VanEck<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Gold Miners ETF has changed as a result of this transition.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">All information in this document regarding the MarketVector
Global Gold Miners Index, including, without limitation, its make-up, method of calculation and changes in its components, is derived
from publicly available information. Such information reflects the policies of, and is subject to change by, Solactive AG (&ldquo;Solactive&rdquo;).
Neither we nor any of our affiliates has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such information. The MarketVector is maintained
and published by Solactive. Solactive has no obligation to continue to publish, and may discontinue the publication of the MarketVector
Global Gold Miners Index.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index is a float-adjusted
modified market capitalization-weighted index that tracks the performance of companies involved primarily in the gold and silver mining
industry. The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index includes common stocks, ADRs and GDRs of selected companies that are involved primarily
in mining for gold or silver ore and that are listed for trading and electronically quoted on a major stock market that is accessible
by foreign investors. Generally, this will include exchanges in most developed markets and major emerging markets, and will include companies
that are cross-listed, e.g., both U.S. and Canadian listings. Solactive will use its discretion to avoid exchanges and markets that are
considered &ldquo;frontier&rdquo; in nature or have major restrictions to foreign ownership. The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index
includes companies that derive at least 50% (25% for current Index components) of their revenues from gold and/or silver mining/royalties/streaming
or have at least 50% (25% for current Index components) of their mineral resources related to gold. The weight of companies with less
than 50% exposure to gold-related activities will not exceed 20% of the Index at rebalance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Only companies that have a market capitalization
of greater than $150 million as of the end of the month prior to the month in which a rebalancing date occurs that have an average monthly
trading volume of at least 250,000 shares over the past six months and an average daily value traded of at least $1 million are eligible
for inclusion in the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For reasons of practicality, Solactive has the discretion
to not include all companies that meet the minimum levels for inclusion. These include, but are not limited to, pending corporate actions,
litigation or geo-political events that may affect a given stock. In addition, Solactive has the discretion to include companies that
do not meet the minimum levels for inclusion, if it determines that by doing so it maintains the quality and/or character of the index.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index was assigned
a base date of April 30, 2006 and a base value of 1,000.00.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->15<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Calculation of the MarketVector Global Gold Miners
Index</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index is calculated
using modified float-adjusted market cap weighting strategy. The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index is weighted based on the float-adjusted
market capitalization of each of the component securities, modified to conform to the asset diversification requirements, which are applied
in conjunction with the scheduled quarterly adjustments to the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index and described below as Diversification
Rule 1 and Diversification Rule 2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index is reviewed
quarterly so that the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index components continue to represent the index&rsquo;s objective of measuring
the performance of highly capitalized companies in the gold and silver mining industries. The MarketVector may at any time and from time
to time change the number of securities comprising the group by adding or deleting one or more securities, or replacing one or more securities
contained in the group with one or more substitute securities of its choice, in the event of certain corporate actions or if, in the MarketVector&rsquo;s
discretion, such addition, deletion or substitution is necessary or appropriate to maintain the quality and/or character of the MarketVector
Global Gold Miners Index. Changes to the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index compositions and/or the component share weights in the
MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index typically take effect after the close of trading on the third Friday of each calendar quarter month
in connection with the quarterly index rebalance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">At the time of the quarterly rebalance, the weights
for the components stocks (taking into account expected component changes and share adjustments), are modified in accordance with the
following procedures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Diversification Rule 1: If any component stock exceeds
20% of the total value of the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index, then all stocks greater than 20% of the MarketVector Global Gold
Miners Index are reduced to represent 20% of the value of the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index. The aggregate amount by which all
component stocks are reduced is redistributed proportionately across the remaining stocks that represent less than 20% of the index value.
After this redistribution, if any other stock then exceeds 20%, the stock is set to 20% of the index value and the redistribution is repeated.
If there is no component stock over 20% of the total value of the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index to start, then this Diversification
Rule 1 is not executed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Diversification Rule 2: All components with more
than 50% exposure to gold-related activities outlined that exceed 4.5% in weight but at least the largest five and at the maximum the
largest 9 of these components are grouped together ( &ldquo;Large-Weights&rdquo;). All other components are grouped together as well (&ldquo;Small-Weights&rdquo;).
If the aggregated weighting of all components in Large-Weight exceeds 45%, then a capping factor is calculated to bring the weighting
down to 45% - at the same time a second capping factor for the Small-Weights is calculated to increase the aggregated weight to 55%. These
two factors are then applied to all components in the Large-Weights or the Small-Weights respectively. This will be adjusted for through
the following process:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(1)</TD><TD>The maximum weight for any single &ldquo;Large-Weight&rdquo; security is 20% and the minimum weighting is 5%. If a security is above
the maximum or below the minimum weight, then the weight will be reduced to the maximum weight or increased to the minimum weight and
the excess weight shall be redistributed proportionally across all other remaining index constituents in the Large-Weights.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 54pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(2)</TD><TD>The maximum weight for any single &ldquo;Small-Weight&rdquo; security is 4.5%. If a security is above the maximum weight, then the
weight will be reduced to the maximum weight and the excess weight shall be redistributed proportionally across all other remaining index
constituents in the Small-Weights.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In conjunction with the quarterly review, the share
weights used in the calculation of the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index are determined based upon current shares outstanding modified,
if necessary, to provide greater index diversification, as described above. As a general rule, the index components and their share weights
are determined and announced prior to taking effect according to the timing set forth in the methodology, however emergency actions may
require Solactive to deviate from the normal scheduling. The share weight of each component stock in the index portfolio remains fixed
between quarterly reviews except in the event of certain types of corporate actions. The MarketVector may substitute stocks or change
the number of stocks included in the MarketVector Global Gold Miners Index, based on changing conditions in the industry or in the event
of certain types of corporate actions. If changes are made, the index divisor may be adjusted to ensure that there are no changes to the
index price as a result of non-market forces.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>The Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund (&ldquo;XLRE&rdquo;)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund is
an investment portfolio managed by SSgA Funds Management, Inc. (&ldquo;SSFM&rdquo;), the investment adviser to the Real Estate Select
Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund. The Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund seeks to provide investment results that correspond generally to the
price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of publicly traded equity securities of companies in the real estate sector, represented
by the Real Estate Select Sector Index. Information about the Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund can be found by reference to its
SEC file numbers 333-57791 and 811-08837. Shares of the Real Estate Select Sector SPDR<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Fund are listed on the NYSE Arca under the
ticker symbol &ldquo;XLRE.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>The Real Estate Select Sector Index</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Real Estate Select Sector Index is a modified
market capitalization-based index, intended to provide an indication of the pattern of common stock price movements of companies that
are components of the SPX and are involved in the financial industry. The Real Estate Select Sector Index is one of the nine Select Sector
sub-indices of the SPX, each of which we refer to as a &ldquo;Select Sector Index.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->16<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Index is also sponsored and compiled by S&amp;P
DJI. S&amp;P DJI determines the composition of the Index and relative weightings of the securities in the Index based on the Index methodology
(as the &ldquo;Index Compilation Agent&rdquo;). S&amp;P DJI also publishes information regarding the market value of the Index (as the
&ldquo;Index Provider&rdquo;). S&amp;P DJI is not affiliated with the Fund or the Adviser. The composition and weighting of the stocks
included in the Real Estate Select Sector Index will likely differ from the composition and weighting of stocks included in any similar
Select Sector Index that is published and disseminated by S&amp;P. S&amp;P&rsquo;s only relationship to the Index Compilation Agent is
the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of S&amp;P and of the SPX which is determined, composed and calculated by S&amp;P
without regard to the Index Compilation Agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>The Select Sector Indices </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Construction, Maintenance and Calculation of The
Select Sector Indices:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Select Sector Index is developed and maintained
in accordance with the following criteria:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Each of the component stocks in a Select Sector Index (the &ldquo;Component Stocks&rdquo;) has been selected from the universe of
companies defined by the SPX.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Each stock in the SPX is allocated to one and only one of the Select Sector Indices.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>The Index Compilation Agent assigns each constituent stock of the S&amp;P 500 Index to a Select Sector Index based on the Global Industry
Classification Standard (&ldquo;GICS&rdquo;). S&amp;P DJI has sole control over the removal of stocks from the S&amp;P 500 and the selection
of replacement stocks to be added to the S&amp;P 500.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Each Select Sector Index is calculated using a base-weighted aggregate methodology; that means the level of the Select Sector Index
reflects the total market value of all of its Component Stocks relative to a particular base period. Statisticians refer to this type
of index, one with a set of combined variables (such as price and number of shares), as a composite index.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Each Select Sector Index is calculated using the same methodology utilized by S&amp;P DJI in calculating the SPX, using a base-weighted
aggregate methodology. The daily calculation of each Select Sector Index is computed by dividing the total market value of the companies
in the Select Sector Index by a number called the &ldquo;Index Divisor.&rdquo;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Each Select Sector Index is weighted, on a quarterly basis, based on the float-adjusted market capitalization of each of the Component
Stocks, subject to the following asset diversification requirements: (i) the market capitalization-based weighted value of any single
Component Stock measured with prices as of the reference date and membership, shares outstanding and investable weight factors as of the
rebalancing effective date may not exceed 25% of the total value of its respective Select Sector Index; and (ii) the sum of the constituent
stocks with weight greater than 4.8% cannot exceed 50% of the total Index weight.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Rebalancing the Select Sector Indices to meet the asset diversification requirements will be the responsibility of S&amp;P. If on
the second Friday of any calendar quarter-end month (a &ldquo;Quarterly Qualification Date&rdquo;), a Component Stock (or two or more
Component Stocks) approaches the maximum allowable value limits set forth above (the &ldquo;Asset Diversification Limits&rdquo;), the
percentage that such Component Stock (or Component Stocks) represents in the Select Sector Index will be reduced and the market capitalization-based
weighted value of such Component Stock (or Component Stocks) will be redistributed across the Component Stocks that do not closely approach
the Asset Diversification Limits in accordance with the following methodology: First, each Component Stock that exceeds 24% of the total
value of the Select Sector Index will be reduced to 23% of the total value of the Select Sector Index and the excess amount will be redistributed
proportionally across the remaining Component Stocks that each represent less than 23% of the total value of the Select Sector Index.
If as a result of this redistribution, another Component Stock then exceeds 23%, the redistribution will be repeated as necessary until
no company breaches the 23% weight cap. Second, if the sum of Component Stocks that each exceed 4.8% of the total value of the Select
Sector Index exceeds 50% of the total value of the Index, the Component Stocks will be ranked in descending order of their float-adjusted
market capitalization, and the first Component Stock to cause the 50% limit to be breached will be reduced to 4.5% and the excess amount
will be distributed proportionally across all remaining Component Stocks that represent less than 4.5% of the total value of the Select
Sector Index. This redistribution process will be repeated as necessary until at least 50% of the value of the Select Sector Index is
accounted for by Component Stocks representing no more than 4.8% of the total value of the Select Sector Index. If necessary, this reallocation
process may take place more than once to ensure that the Select Sector Index and the Select Sector SPDR Fund portfolio based upon it conform
to the requirements for qualification of the Select Sector SPDR Fund as a regulated investment company (&ldquo;RIC&rdquo;), under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the &ldquo;Internal Revenue Code&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">This occurs at the closing prices of the second
Friday of March, June, September and December and becomes effective after the market close on the third Friday of March, June, September
and December.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If, on the second to last business day of March,
June, September, or December a company has a weight greater than 24% or the sum of the companies with weights greater than 4.8% exceeds
50%, a secondary rebalancing will be triggered with the rebalancing effective date being after the close of the last business day of the
month. This secondary rebalancing will use the closing prices as of the second to last business day of March, June, September, or December,
and membership, shares outstanding, and investable weight factors as of the rebalancing effective date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->17<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Index Compilation Agent at any time may determine
that a Component Stock which has been assigned to one Select Sector Index has undergone such a transformation in the composition of its
business that it should be removed from that Select Sector Index and assigned to a different Select Sector Index. In the event that the
Index Compilation Agent notifies the index calculation agent that a Component Stock&rsquo;s Select Sector Index assignment should be changed,
the index calculation agent will disseminate notice of the change following its standard procedure for announcing index changes and will
implement the change in the affected Select Sector Indices on a date no less than one week after the initial dissemination of information
on the sector change to the maximum extent practicable. It is not anticipated that Component Stocks will change sectors frequently. Component
Stocks removed from and added to the SPX will be deleted from and added to the appropriate Select Sector Index on the same schedule used
by S&amp;P for additions and deletions from the SPX insofar as practicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>The iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF (&ldquo;IWM&rdquo;)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF seeks investment
results that correspond generally to the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index. iShares
Trust is a registered investment company that consists of numerous separate investment portfolios, including the iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell
2000 ETF. iShares Trust and BlackRock Fund Advisors have entered into an investment advisory agreement under which BlackRock Fund Advisors
was appointed as the Investment Advisor for the iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF. The iShares<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Russell 2000 ETF is listed on the NYSE
Arca under the ticker symbol &ldquo;IWM.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>The Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index was developed by Russell
Investments (&ldquo;Russell&rdquo;) before FTSE International Limited (&ldquo;FTSE&rdquo;) and Russell combined in 2015 to create FTSE
Russell, which is wholly owned by London Stock Exchange Group. Russell began dissemination of the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index (Bloomberg L.P.
index symbol &ldquo;RTY&rdquo;) on January 1, 1984. The Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index was set to 135 as of the close of business on December
31, 1986. FTSE Russell calculates and publishes the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index. The Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index is designed to track the performance
of the small capitalization segment of the U.S. equity market. As a subset of the Russell 3000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index, the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index
consists of the smallest 2,000 companies included in the Russell 3000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index. The Russell 3000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index measures the performance
of the largest 3,000 U.S. companies. The Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index is determined, comprised, and calculated by FTSE Russell without regard
to the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Selection of Stocks Comprising the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP>
Index</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">All companies eligible for inclusion in the Russell
2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index must be classified as a U.S. company under FTSE Russell&rsquo;s country-assignment methodology. If a company is incorporated,
has a stated headquarters location, and trades on a standard exchange in the same country (American Depositary Receipts and American Depositary
Shares are not eligible), then the company is assigned to its country of incorporation. If any of the three factors are not the same,
FTSE Russell defines three Home Country Indicators (&ldquo;HCIs&rdquo;): country of incorporation, country of headquarters, and country
of the most liquid exchange (as defined by a two-year average daily dollar trading volume) (&ldquo;ADDTV&rdquo;) from all exchanges within
a country. Using the HCIs, FTSE Russell compares the primary location of the company&rsquo;s assets with the three HCIs. If the primary
location of its assets matches any of the HCIs, then the company is assigned to the primary location of its assets. If there is insufficient
information to determine the country in which the company&rsquo;s assets are primarily located, FTSE Russell will use the primary location
of the company&rsquo;s revenue for the same cross-comparison and assigns the company to the appropriate country in a similar fashion.
FTSE Russell uses the average of two years of assets or revenues data to reduce potential turnover. If conclusive country details cannot
be derived from assets or revenues data, FTSE Russell will assign the company to the country in which its headquarters are located unless
the country is a Benefit Driven Incorporation &ldquo;BDI&rdquo; country. If the country in which its headquarters are located is a BDI,
it will be assigned to the country of its most liquid stock exchange. BDI countries include: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Channel Islands, Cook Islands, Curacao, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar,
Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey, Liberia, Marshall Islands, Panama, Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, and Turks and Caicos Islands. For
any companies incorporated or headquartered in a U.S. territory, including countries such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and U.S. Virgin Islands,
a U.S. HCI is assigned. &ldquo;N-Shares&rdquo; of companies controlled by entities in mainland China are not eligible for inclusion in
the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">All securities eligible for inclusion in the Russell
2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index must trade on a major U.S. exchange. Stocks must have a closing price at or above $1.00 on their primary exchange on the
&ldquo;rank day&rdquo; in May of each year (timetable is announced each spring) to be eligible for inclusion during annual reconstitution.
However, in order to reduce unnecessary turnover, if an existing member&rsquo;s closing price is less than $1.00 on the last day of May,
it will be considered eligible if the average of the daily closing prices (from its primary exchange) during the month of May is equal
to or greater than $1.00. FTSE Russell adds initial public offerings (IPOs) each quarter to ensure that new additions to the institutional
investing opportunity set are reflected in representative indexes. A stock added during the quarterly IPO process is considered a new
index addition, and therefore must have a closing price on its primary exchange at or above $1.00 on the last day of the eligibility period
in order to qualify for index inclusion. If an existing index member does not trade on the rank day, it must price at $1.00 or above on
another eligible U.S. exchange to remain eligible.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Royalty trusts, limited liability companies, closed-end
investment companies (companies that are required to report Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, as defined by the SEC, including business
development companies, are not eligible), blank check companies, special-purpose acquisition companies, exchange traded funds, mutual
funds and limited partnerships are ineligible for inclusion. Preferred and convertible preferred stock, redeemable shares, participating
preferred stock, warrants, rights, installment receipts and trust receipts are not eligible for inclusion in the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 18 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->18<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Annual reconstitution is a process by which the
Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index is completely rebuilt. On the rank day of July, all eligible securities are ranked by their total market capitalization.
The largest 4,000 become the Russell 3000E Index, and the other FTSE Russell indexes are determined from that set of securities. Reconstitution
of the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index occurs on the last Friday in June or, when the last Friday in June is the 29th or 30th, reconstitution
occurs on the prior Friday. In addition, FTSE Russell adds initial public offerings to the Russell 2000<SUP>&reg;</SUP> Index on a quarterly basis
based on total market capitalization ranking within the market-adjusted capitalization breaks established during the most recent reconstitution.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">After membership is determined, a security&rsquo;s
shares are adjusted to include only those shares available to the public. This is often referred to as &ldquo;free float.&rdquo; The purpose
of the adjustment is to exclude from market calculations the capitalization that is not available for purchase and is not part of the
investable opportunity set.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 19 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 8pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2px solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->19<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 8pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 100%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Validity of the Notes</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In the opinion of Osler, Hoskin &amp; Harcourt LLP,
the issue and sale of the notes has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Bank in conformity with the Senior Indenture,
and when this pricing supplement has been attached to, and duly notated on, the master note that represents the notes, the notes will
have been validly executed and issued and, to the extent validity of the notes is a matter governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario,
or the laws of Canada applicable therein, and will be valid obligations of the Bank, subject to the following limitations (i) the enforceability
of the Senior Indenture may be limited by the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation Act (Canada), the Winding-up and Restructuring Act
(Canada) and bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, moratorium, arrangement or winding-up laws or other similar laws affecting
the enforcement of creditors&rsquo; rights generally; (ii) the enforceability of the Senior Indenture may be limited by equitable principles,
including the principle that equitable remedies such as specific performance and injunction may only be granted in the discretion of a
court of competent jurisdiction; (iii) pursuant to the Currency Act (Canada) a judgment by a Canadian court must be awarded in Canadian
currency and that such judgment may be based on a rate of exchange in existence on a day other than the day of payment; and (iv) the enforceability
of the Senior Indenture will be subject to the limitations contained in the Limitations Act, 2002 (Ontario), and such counsel expresses
no opinion as to whether a court may find any provision of the Senior Debt Indenture to be unenforceable as an attempt to vary or exclude
a limitation period under that Act. This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the Provinces of Ontario
and the federal laws of Canada applicable thereto. In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the trustee&rsquo;s
authorization, execution and delivery of the Indenture and the genuineness of signatures and certain factual matters, all as stated in
the letter of such counsel dated March 25, 2025, which has been filed as Exhibit 5.3 to Bank of Montreal&rsquo;s Form 6-K filed with the
SEC and dated March 25, 2025.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In the opinion of Mayer Brown LLP, when this pricing
supplement has been attached to, and duly notated on, the master note that represents the notes, and the notes have been issued and sold
as contemplated herein, the notes will be valid, binding and enforceable obligations of Bank of Montreal, entitled to the benefits of
the Senior Indenture, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors&rsquo; rights generally, concepts
of reasonableness and equitable principles of general applicability (including, without limitation, concepts of good faith, fair dealing
and the lack of bad faith). This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the State of New York. Insofar as
this opinion involves matters governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario, or the laws of Canada applicable therein, Mayer Brown LLP
has assumed, without independent inquiry or investigation, the validity of the matters opined on by Osler, Hoskin &amp; Harcourt LLP,
Canadian legal counsel for the issuer, in its opinion expressed above. This opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the trustee&rsquo;s
authorization, execution and delivery of the Senior Indenture and the genuineness of signatures and to such counsel&rsquo;s reliance on
the Bank of Montreal and other sources as to certain factual matters, all as stated in the legal opinion of Mayer Brown LLP dated March
25, 2025, which has been filed with the SEC as an exhibit to a report on Form 6-K by the Bank of Montreal on March 25, 2025.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">20</P>
<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2px solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-FILING FEES
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ex-filingfees.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-FILING FEES
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?>
<!-- Template (c) 2024-2025 Novaworks, LLC -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: AliasFileType; Value: Forms View; Template: Fee Exhibit\Fee Exhibit FC.xds -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: Platform; Value: Novaworks Fee Exhibit Editor; Version: 1.4a -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: Control; Value: VGVtcGxhdGU6IChkZWZhdWx0KQ0KQmFzZSBGb250OiBUaW1lcyBOZXcgUm9tYW4sIFRpbWVzLCBTZXJpZg0KQ2FwdGlvbiBTaXplOiAxMnB0DQpUYWJsZSBUaXRsZSBTaXplOiAxMXB0DQpUYWJsZSBIZWFkIFNpemU6IDhwdA0KVGFibGUgQm9keSBTaXplOiAxMHB0 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: MD5; Value: 058cb958ebe57383b5c5367e60987268 -->
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" xmlns:ffd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025">
<head>
  <title>Filing Fee Exhibit</title>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"/>
  </head>
<body style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<div style="display: none">
  <ix:header>
    <ix:hidden>
      <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:SubmissnTp" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_001">424B2</ix:nonNumeric>
      <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FeeExhibitTp" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_002">EX-FILING FEES</ix:nonNumeric>
      <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_003">0000927971</ix:nonNumeric>
      <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:RegnFileNb" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_004">333-285508</ix:nonNumeric>
      <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingTableNa" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_005">N/A</ix:nonNumeric>
      <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OffsetTableNa" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_006">N/A</ix:nonNumeric>
      <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:CombinedProspectusTableNa" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_007">N/A</ix:nonNumeric>
      </ix:hidden>
    <ix:references>
      <link:schemaRef xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025/ffd-2025.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
      </ix:references>
    <ix:resources>
      <xbrli:context id="c_report">
        <xbrli:entity>
          <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000927971</xbrli:identifier>
          </xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:period>
          <xbrli:startDate>2025-11-18</xbrli:startDate>
          <xbrli:endDate>2025-11-18</xbrli:endDate>
          </xbrli:period>
        </xbrli:context>
      <xbrli:unit id="USD">
        <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unit>
      <xbrli:unit id="pure">
        <xbrli:measure>xbrli:pure</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unit>
      <xbrli:unit id="shares">
        <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unit>
      </ix:resources>
    </ix:header>
  </div>

<p style="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: right">Ex-Filing Fees</p>

<p style="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center">CALCULATION OF FILING FEE TABLES</p>

<p style="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; text-align: center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FormTp" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_008">F-3</ix:nonNumeric></p>

<p style="font: bold 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: center"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityRegistrantName" contextRef="c_report" id="fee_009">BANK OF MONTREAL /CAN/</ix:nonNumeric></p>

<p style="font: bold 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-top: Gray 3pt double; padding-top: 6pt; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 4pt">Narrative Disclosure</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt">
The maximum aggregate offering price of the securities to which the prospectus relates is $<ix:nonFraction name="ffd:NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric" decimals="INF" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" unitRef="USD" contextRef="c_report" id="ixv-40">1,711,000.00</ix:nonFraction>.
<ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FnlPrspctsFlg" contextRef="c_report" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-41">The prospectus is a final prospectus for the related offering.</ix:nonNumeric></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:NrrtvDsclsr" contextRef="c_report" escape="1" id="ixv-42">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</ix:nonNumeric></p>


</body>
</html>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>bmologosm.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
begin 644 bmologosm.jpg
M_]C_X  02D9)1@ ! 0$ 8 !@  #_X0!F17AI9@  34T *@    @ ! $:  4
M   !    /@$;  4    !    1@$H  ,    !  (   $Q  (    0    3@
M      !@     0   &     !<&%I;G0N;F5T(#4N,"XW /_; $,  0$! 0$!
M 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$!
M 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! ?_; $,! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$!
M 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! ?_  !$( "<
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MN;K"P\3%QL?(R<K2T]35UM?8V=KBX^3EYN?HZ>KR\_3U]O?X^?K_V@ , P$
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MEDF9UYXK!8J67X_-,+7IULKG[*G.CC*52>$S#!3YJ<XX?$17+_77^R'\>O\
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M-W_:FL:K%KNEE9&6SU(Q6-Y*5CFEAB)>&O9+K]BG2+W]H[P-^U'<?&7XJO\
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MIT(U85HXBEBVY2C[.4DYR7B/Q$^-W[0?BO\ X*)?L'^'_ 7Q2_X0[X8_&O\
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M-_\ @VD$NL32?#?]JAK+09)6:"S\:_#D:EJEM"3E(6OM$\1:9;W31CY?.-G
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+ %% !10 44 ?_]D!

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Submission<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 18, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_SubmissionLineItems', window );"><strong>Submission [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000927971<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">BANK OF MONTREAL /CAN/<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_RegnFileNb', window );">Registration File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">333-285508<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FormTp', window );">Form Type</a></td>
<td class="text">F-3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_SubmissnTp', window );">Submission Type</a></td>
<td class="text">424B2<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeExhibitTp', window );">Fee Exhibit Type</a></td>
<td class="text">EX-FILING FEES<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTableNa', window );">Offering Table N/A</a></td>
<td class="text">N/A<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OffsetTableNa', window );">Offset Table N/A</a></td>
<td class="text">N/A<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_CombinedProspectusTableNa', window );">Combined Prospectus Table N/A</a></td>
<td class="text">N/A<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_CombinedProspectusTableNa">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_CombinedProspectusTableNa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:naItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeeExhibitTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeeExhibitTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:feeExhibitTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FormTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FormTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingTableNa">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingTableNa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:naItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OffsetTableNa">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OffsetTableNa</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:naItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_RegnFileNb">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_RegnFileNb</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_SubmissionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_SubmissionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_SubmissnTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_SubmissnTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fees Summary<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Nov. 18, 2025 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems', window );"><strong>Fees Summary [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_NrrtvDsclsr', window );">Narrative Disclosure</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric', window );">Narrative - Max Aggregate Offering Price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,711,000.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg', window );">Final Prospectus</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_NrrtvDsclsr">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_NrrtvDsclsr</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
.report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

.report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

.report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

.report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
.pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
.report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

.report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
.report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

.report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

.report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

.report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

.report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

.report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
.report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
.report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
.report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

.report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
.report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

.report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

.report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
.report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
.report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

.report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

.report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
.report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

.report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

.report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

.report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

.report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

.report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.25.3</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>1</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>12</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>false</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>0</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>3</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="ex-filingfees.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995210 - Document - Submission</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable</Role>
      <ShortName>Submission</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="ex-filingfees.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R2.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995215 - Document - Fees Summary</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable</Role>
      <ShortName>Fees Summary</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>2</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File doctype="EX-FILING FEES" original="ex-filingfees.htm">ex-filingfees.htm</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="2">http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025</BaseTaxonomy>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="10">http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>false</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>false</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "version": "2.2",
 "instance": {
  "ex-filingfees.htm": {
   "dts": {
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "ex-filingfees.htm"
     ]
    },
    "schema": {
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/arcrole/deprecated-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31/types.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025/ffd-2025.xsd"
     ]
    }
   },
   "keyStandard": 12,
   "keyCustom": 0,
   "axisStandard": 0,
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 0,
   "memberCustom": 0,
   "hidden": {
    "total": 7,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025": 6,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025": 1
   },
   "contextCount": 1,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "segmentCount": 0,
   "elementCount": 107,
   "unitCount": 3,
   "baseTaxonomies": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025": 10,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025": 2
   },
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "role": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable",
     "longName": "995210 - Document - Submission",
     "shortName": "Submission",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "groupType": "Fee_Exhibit",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "1",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "c_report",
      "name": "dei:EntityRegistrantName",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "ex-filingfees.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "c_report",
      "name": "dei:EntityRegistrantName",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "ex-filingfees.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R2": {
     "role": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable",
     "longName": "995215 - Document - Fees Summary",
     "shortName": "Fees Summary",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "Fee_Exhibit",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "2",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "c_report",
      "name": "ffd:NrrtvDsclsr",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "ex-filingfees.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "c_report",
      "name": "ffd:NrrtvDsclsr",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "ex-filingfees.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    }
   },
   "tag": {
    "ffd_AggtRedRpPricFsclYr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "AggtRedRpPricFsclYr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased Price, Fiscal Year",
        "terseLabel": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased, FY"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AggtRedRpPricPrrFsclYr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "AggtRedRpPricPrrFsclYr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased Price, Prior Fiscal Year",
        "terseLabel": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased, Prior FY"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AggtSalesPricFsclYr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "AggtSalesPricFsclYr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Sales Price, Fiscal Year",
        "terseLabel": "Aggregate Sales Price"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AmtRedCdts": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "AmtRedCdts",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amount of Redemption Credits",
        "terseLabel": "Redemption Credits"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AmtSctiesRcvd": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "AmtSctiesRcvd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amount of Securities Received",
        "terseLabel": "Amount of Securities Received",
        "documentation": "Amount of securities to be received by the registrant (or cancelled upon issuance of securities to be registered on the form)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AmtSctiesRegd": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "AmtSctiesRegd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amount of Securities Registered",
        "terseLabel": "Amount Registered",
        "documentation": "The amount of securities being registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CeasedOprsDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CeasedOprsDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Ceased Operations Date",
        "terseLabel": "Ceased Operations Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_CfwdFormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "formTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CfwdFormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Carry Forward Form Type",
        "documentation": "The Form Type of the prior shelf registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6). This should be an EDGAR submission type (S-3, S-3/A, S-3ASR, etc.), which means there is a fixed set of possible responses. Note that while the XBRL response should be an EDGAR submission type, the human-readable Ex. 107 could include a simpler label (e.g., \"Form S-3\" in the human-readable and \"S-3ASR\" in the XBRL)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CfwdPrevslyPdFee": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CfwdPrevslyPdFee",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward Previously Paid Fee",
        "terseLabel": "Filing Fee Previously Paid in Connection with Unsold Securities to be Carried Forward",
        "documentation": "The fee previously paid in connection with the securities being brought forward from the prior shelf registration statement on which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CfwdPrrFctvDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CfwdPrrFctvDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward Prior Effective Date",
        "terseLabel": "Carry Forward Initial Effective Date",
        "documentation": "The initial effective date of the prior shelf registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CfwdPrrFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CfwdPrrFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward File Number",
        "terseLabel": "Carry Forward File Number",
        "documentation": "The EDGAR File Number of the prior shelf registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6). If the prior registration statement has a Securities Act File Number and an Investment Company Act File Number, the Securities Act File Number should be used."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CmbndPrspctsItemAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CmbndPrspctsItemAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus Item [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus",
        "documentation": "A sequence number (1, 2, 3...) used to distinguish different references to earlier prospectuses on a single fee bearing submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CmbndPrspctsLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CmbndPrspctsLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CmbndPrspctsTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CmbndPrspctsTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus [Table]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus Table"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CombinedProspectusTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CombinedProspectusTableNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus Table [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus Table N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_CshPdByRegistrantInTx": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CshPdByRegistrantInTx",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash Paid by Registrant in Transaction",
        "terseLabel": "Cash Consideration Paid",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash consideration paid by registrant in connection with the exchange or other transaction being registered (in a 457(f) calculation)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CshRcvdByRegistrantInTx": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "CshRcvdByRegistrantInTx",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash Received by Registrant in Transaction",
        "terseLabel": "Cash Consideration Received",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash consideration received by registrant in connection with the exchange or other transaction being registered (in a 457(f) calculation)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key",
        "terseLabel": "Central Index Key",
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name",
        "terseLabel": "Registrant Name",
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Amount of Registration Fee",
        "documentation": "Total amount of registration fee (amount due after offsets)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeExhibitTp": {
     "xbrltype": "feeExhibitTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeeExhibitTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Exhibit Type",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Exhibit Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_FeeIntrstAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeeIntrstAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Interest Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Interest Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeeNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Note",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeNoteMaxAggtOfferingPric": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeeNoteMaxAggtOfferingPric",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Note Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Note MAOP"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeRate": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeeRate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Rate",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Rate",
        "documentation": "The rate per dollar of fees that public companies and other issuers pay to register their securities with the Commission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeesOthrRuleFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeesOthrRuleFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fees, Other Rule [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Other Rule",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using a rule other than 457(a), 457(o), or 457(f) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FeesSummaryLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fees Summary [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Fees Summary:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FnlPrspctsFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Final Prospectus [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Final Prospectus"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "FormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Form Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_GnlInstrIIhiFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "GnlInstrIIhiFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "General Instruction II.H,I [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "General Instruction II.H,I"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrCity": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrCity",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, City",
        "terseLabel": "City"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrStatOrCtryCd": {
     "xbrltype": "stateOrCountryCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrStatOrCtryCd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, State or Country Code",
        "terseLabel": "State or Country Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrStrt1": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrStrt1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, Street 1",
        "terseLabel": "Street 1"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrStrt2": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrStrt2",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, Street 2",
        "terseLabel": "Street 2"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrZipCd": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrZipCd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, Zip Code",
        "terseLabel": "Zip Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrNm": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "IssrNm",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Name",
        "terseLabel": "Issuer Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_MaxAggtOfferingPric": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "MaxAggtOfferingPric",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "terseLabel": "Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "documentation": "The maximum aggregate offering price for the offering that is being registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_MaxOfferingPricPerScty": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal4lItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "MaxOfferingPricPerScty",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Maximum Offering Price per Security",
        "terseLabel": "Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Unit",
        "documentation": "The maximum offering price per share/unit being registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NetFeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "NetFeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Net Fee"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NetSalesAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "NetSalesAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net Sales Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Net Sales"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NrrtvDsclsr": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "NrrtvDsclsr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Narrative Disclosure",
        "terseLabel": "Narrative Disclosure"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "NrrtvMaxAggtAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Narrative Disclosure, Maximum Aggregate Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Narrative - Max Aggregate Offering Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Narrative Disclosure, Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "terseLabel": "Narrative - Max Aggregate Offering Price"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OfferingAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering",
        "documentation": "A sequence number (1, 2, 3...) used to distinguish different security offerings on a single fee bearing submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OfferingLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OfferingLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OfferingNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OfferingNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Note",
        "terseLabel": "Offering Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingSctyTitl": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OfferingSctyTitl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Security Title",
        "terseLabel": "Security Class Title",
        "documentation": "The title of the class of securities being registered (for each class being registered)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingSctyTp": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OfferingSctyTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Security Type",
        "terseLabel": "Security Type",
        "documentation": "Type of securities: \"Asset-backed Securities\", \"ADRs/ADSs\", \"Debt\", \"Debt Convertible into Equity\", \"Equity\", \"Face Amount Certificates\", \"Limited Partnership Interests\", \"Mortgage Backed Securities\", \"Non-Convertible Debt\", \"Unallocated (Universal) Shelf\", \"Exchange Traded Vehicle Securities\", \"Other\""
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OfferingTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering [Table]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OfferingTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OfferingTableNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Table [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering Table N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OffsetAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Offset",
        "documentation": "A sequence number (1, 2, 3...) used to distinguish different offsets as applied to a fee bearing submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetClmInitlFilgDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetClmInitlFilgDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Claim Initial Filing Date",
        "terseLabel": "Initial Filing Date",
        "documentation": "The initial filing date of the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid for a claimed offset. If the offset fee was paid with an amendment, do not provide the amendment date under this element; instead, provide the date of the initial filing (i.e. the \"parent\" filing) ."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetClmdAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetClmdAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Claimed Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The amount of offsetting fees being claimed."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetClmdInd": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetClmdInd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Claimed Indicator",
        "terseLabel": "Offset Claimed"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetExpltnForClmdAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetExpltnForClmdAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Explanation for Claimed Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Explanation for Claimed Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "terseLabel": "Offset:",
        "label": "Offset [Line Items]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Note",
        "terseLabel": "Offset Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Paid with Fee Offset Source",
        "documentation": "The fee previously paid from which an offset is being derived."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior File Number",
        "terseLabel": "File Number",
        "documentation": "The EDGAR File Number of the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid. If the offset filing for the offset has a Securities Act File Number and an Investment Company Act File Number, the Securities Act File Number should be used."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFilerNm": {
     "xbrltype": "filerNameItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFilerNm",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Filer Name",
        "terseLabel": "Registrant or Filer Name",
        "documentation": "The name of the registrant that filed the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "formTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Form or Filing Type",
        "documentation": "The Form Type of the offset filing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrNbOfUnsoldScties": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeIntegerItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrNbOfUnsoldScties",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Unsold Number of Securities",
        "terseLabel": "Unsold Securities Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The number of unsold securities registered on the prior registration statement that are associated with the claimed offset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrSctyTitl": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrSctyTitl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Security Title",
        "terseLabel": "Security Title Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The title of the class of securities from which offset fees were derived."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrSctyTp": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrSctyTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Security Type",
        "terseLabel": "Security Type Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "Type of securities: \"Asset-backed Securities\", \"ADRs/ADSs\", \"Debt\", \"Debt Convertible into Equity\", \"Equity\", \"Face Amount Certificates\", \"Limited Partnership Interests\", \"Mortgage Backed Securities\", \"Non-Convertible Debt\", \"Unallocated (Universal) Shelf\", \"Exchange Traded Vehicle Securities\", \"Other\""
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrUnsoldOfferingAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrUnsoldOfferingAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Unsold Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Unsold Aggregate Offering Amount Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The aggregate offering amount of unsold securities registered on the prior registration statement that are associated with the claimed offset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetSrcFilgDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetSrcFilgDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Source Filing Date",
        "terseLabel": "Filing Date",
        "documentation": "The filing date of the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid in an offset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "terseLabel": "Offset Payment:",
        "label": "Offset [Table]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "OffsetTableNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Table [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Offset Table N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_PrevslyPdFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "PrevslyPdFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Previously Paid [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Previously Paid"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_RegnFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "RegnFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Registration File Number",
        "terseLabel": "Registration File Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_RptgFsclYrEndDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "RptgFsclYrEndDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Reporting Fiscal Year End Date",
        "terseLabel": "Reporting FY End Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_Rule011Flg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule011Flg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 0-11 [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 0-11"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_Rule011a2OffsetFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule011a2OffsetFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "terseLabel": "Rule 0-11(a)(2) Offset",
        "label": "Rule 0-11(a)(2) Offset [Flag]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_Rule415a6Flg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule415a6Flg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 415(a)(6) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 415(a)(6)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is claiming a 415(a)(6) carryforward."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429AggtOfferingAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429AggtOfferingAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Aggregate Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Maximum Aggregate Offering Price of Securities Previously Registered",
        "documentation": "The maximum aggregate offering amount of unsold securities registered on the prior registration statement that are carried forward under Rule 429. Only applicable if 457(o) was used in the fee calculation for the prior registration statement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429CmbndPrspctsFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429CmbndPrspctsFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Combined Prospectus [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 429",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using a combined prospectus under Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429EarlierFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429EarlierFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Earlier File Number",
        "terseLabel": "File Number",
        "documentation": "The Securities Act File Number of the earlier effective registration statement(s) from which securities may be offered and sold using the combined prospectus pursuant to Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429EarlierFormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "formTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429EarlierFormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Earlier Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Form Type",
        "documentation": "The Form Type of the earlier registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under Rule 429. This should be an EDGAR submission type (S-3, S-3/A, S-3ASR, etc.), which means there is a fixed set of possible responses. Note that while the XBRL response should be an EDGAR submission type, the human-readable Ex. 107 could include a simpler label (e.g., \"Form S-3\" in the human-readable and \"S-3ASR\" in the XBRL)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429InitlFctvDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429InitlFctvDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Initial Effective Date",
        "terseLabel": "Initial Effective Date",
        "documentation": "The filing date of the earlier registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429NbOfUnsoldScties": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429NbOfUnsoldScties",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Number Of Unsold Securities",
        "terseLabel": "Amount of Securities Previously Registered",
        "documentation": "The number of securities registered on the prior registration statement that are carried forward under Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429PrspctsNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429PrspctsNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Prospectus Note",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429SctyTitl": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429SctyTitl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Security Title",
        "terseLabel": "Security Class Title"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429SctyTp": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule429SctyTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Security Type",
        "terseLabel": "Security Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457aFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457aFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(a) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(a)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(a) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457bOffsetFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457bOffsetFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(b) Offset [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(b) Offset",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is claiming an offset under Rule 457(b) or 0-11(a)(2)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457fFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457fFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(f) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(f)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(f) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457oFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457oFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(o) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(o)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(o) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457pOffsetFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457pOffsetFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(p) Offset [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(p) Offset",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is claiming an offset under Rule 457(p)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457rFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457rFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(r) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(r)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r9"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457sFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457sFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(s) Flag",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(s)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457uFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Rule457uFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(u) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(u)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(u) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Scties424iAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Scties424iAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities, 424I [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities, 424I"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Scties424iLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Scties424iLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities, 424I [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities, 424I:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Scties424iTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Scties424iTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities, 424I [Table]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities, 424I Table"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Securities424iTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "Securities424iNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities 424I [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities 424I N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_SubmissionLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "SubmissionLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Submission [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Items"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_SubmissnTp": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "SubmissnTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Submission Type",
        "terseLabel": "Submission Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_TermntnCmpltnWdrwl": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TermntnCmpltnWdrwl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Termination / Completion / Withdrawal Statement",
        "terseLabel": "Termination / Withdrawal Statement"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_TtlFeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TtlFeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Fee Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlFeeAndIntrstAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TtlFeeAndIntrstAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Fee and Interest Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Fee and Interest Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlOfferingAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TtlOfferingAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Offering"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlOffsetAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TtlOffsetAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Offset Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Offset Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlPrevslyPdAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TtlPrevslyPdAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Previously Paid Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Previously Paid Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlTxValtn": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TtlTxValtn",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Transaction Valuation",
        "terseLabel": "Total Transaction Valuation"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TxValtn": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "TxValtn",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Transaction Valuation",
        "terseLabel": "Transaction Valuation"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_ValSctiesRcvd": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "ValSctiesRcvd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Value of Securities Received",
        "terseLabel": "Value of Securities Received",
        "documentation": "Value of securities to be received by the registrant (or cancelled upon issuance of securities to be registered on the form)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_ValSctiesRcvdPerShr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal4lItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025",
     "localname": "ValSctiesRcvdPerShr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Value of Securities Received, Per Share",
        "terseLabel": "Value of Securities Received, Per Share",
        "documentation": "Value per share of securities to be received by the registrant (or cancelled upon issuance of securities to be registered on the form). This is included in the explanation of 457(f) fee calculation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    }
   }
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2"
  },
  "r1": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230"
  },
  "r2": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "415",
   "Subsection": "a"
  },
  "r3": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "429"
  },
  "r4": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457"
  },
  "r5": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "b"
  },
  "r6": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r7": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "o"
  },
  "r8": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "p"
  },
  "r9": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "r"
  },
  "r10": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "s"
  },
  "r11": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "u"
  },
  "r12": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Subsection": "f",
   "Section": "457"
  }
 }
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>0001214659-25-016874-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0001214659-25-016874-xbrl.zip
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D9FEL:6YG9F5E<RYH=&U02P4&      $  0 _    4 8

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>ex-filingfees_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025"
  xmlns:ffd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025"
  xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef
      xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2025/ffd-2025.xsd"
      xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="c_report">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000927971</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2025-11-18</startDate>
            <endDate>2025-11-18</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <unit id="USD">
        <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="pure">
        <measure>pure</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="shares">
        <measure>shares</measure>
    </unit>
    <ffd:SubmissnTp contextRef="c_report" id="fee_001">424B2</ffd:SubmissnTp>
    <ffd:FeeExhibitTp contextRef="c_report" id="fee_002">EX-FILING FEES</ffd:FeeExhibitTp>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey contextRef="c_report" id="fee_003">0000927971</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <ffd:RegnFileNb contextRef="c_report" id="fee_004">333-285508</ffd:RegnFileNb>
    <ffd:OfferingTableNa contextRef="c_report" id="fee_005">N/A</ffd:OfferingTableNa>
    <ffd:OffsetTableNa contextRef="c_report" id="fee_006">N/A</ffd:OffsetTableNa>
    <ffd:CombinedProspectusTableNa contextRef="c_report" id="fee_007">N/A</ffd:CombinedProspectusTableNa>
    <ffd:FormTp contextRef="c_report" id="fee_008">F-3</ffd:FormTp>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="c_report" id="fee_009">BANK OF MONTREAL /CAN/</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <ffd:NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric
      contextRef="c_report"
      decimals="INF"
      id="ixv-40"
      unitRef="USD">1711000.00</ffd:NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric>
    <ffd:FnlPrspctsFlg contextRef="c_report" id="ixv-41">true</ffd:FnlPrspctsFlg>
    <ffd:NrrtvDsclsr contextRef="c_report" id="ixv-42">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</ffd:NrrtvDsclsr>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
