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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | 3 Months Ended
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Jan. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | . FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS The authoritative guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market and assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. Fair Value Hierarchy The guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes inputs used in valuation techniques into three levels. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1 - applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 - applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for the asset or liability such as: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in less active markets; or other inputs that can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. Level 3 - applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2024 and October 31, 2023 were as follows:
| Fair Value Measurements at
| January 31, 2024 |  | October 31, 2023
| Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Other |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Other
| (in millions)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 1,163 |  |  | $ | 1,163 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,934 |  |  | $ | 1,934 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Derivative instruments (foreign exchange contracts) | 14 |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Long-term |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity investments | 62 |  |  | 62 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 56 |  |  | 56 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other investments | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |
Total assets measured at fair value | $ | 1,267 |  |  | $ | 1,225 |  |  | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 2,033 |  |  | $ | 1,990 |  |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 25 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative instruments (foreign exchange contracts) | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Long-term |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation liability | 30 |  |  | — |  |  | 30 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total liabilities measured at fair value | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 81 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 81 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Net realized gain (loss) on sale of our equity and other investments was zero for both the three months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023. Net unrealized gain (loss) on our equity and other investments was a gain of $7 million and $8 million for the three months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our money market funds and equity investments with readily determinable fair values are measured at fair value using quoted market prices and, therefore, are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Equity and fixed income investments or convertible notes without readily determinable fair values that are either measured at cost, adjusted for observable changes in price or impairments, or accounted for under a measurement alternative are not categorized in the fair value hierarchy and are presented as "other investments" in the table above. Our deferred compensation liability is classified as Level 2 because the inputs used in the calculations are observable, although the values are not directly based on quoted market prices. Our derivative financial instruments are classified within Level 2 as there is not an active market for each hedge contract, but the inputs used to calculate the value of the instruments are tied to active markets. Equity investments, including securities that are earmarked to pay the deferred compensation liability, and the deferred compensation liability are reported at fair value, with gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Certain derivative instruments are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 + Details
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