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8. Stock Options and Warrants (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]  
Stock options outstanding
  

Weighted Avg.

Options

  

Weighted Avg.

Exercise Price

 
Options, January 1, 2015   21,052,030   $0.20 
Options granted   838,552    0.46 
Options exercised        
Options forfeited   (355,434)   0.72 
Options, December 31, 2015   21,535,148   $0.30 
Options granted   2,250,527    0.19 
Options exercised        
Options forfeited   (311,419)   0.75 
Options, December 31, 2016   23,474,256   $0.28 
Options outstanding by Per Share Price
      Outstanding Options     Exercisable Options  

Option

Exercise Price

Per Share

    Shares    

Life

(Years)

   

Weighted

Average Exercise

Price

    Shares    

Weighted

Average Exercise

Price

 
$ 0.18 - $ 0.99       23,323,810       4.8     $ 0.27       22,783,810     $ 0.28  
$ 1.00 - $ 1.99       150,446       6.6     $ 1.18       150,446     $ 1.18  
        23,474,256             $ 0.28       20,671,512     $ 0.28  
Assumptions
   Years Ended 
   2016   2015 
Expected life (years)   5.5    5.0 – 5.5 
Risk free interest rate   1.23 – 1.72%   1.56 – 1.72%
Volatility   119 – 121%   106 – 121%
Expected dividend yield   0%   0%
Warrants outstanding
   Warrants  

Weighted Avg.

Exercise Price

 
Warrants outstanding, January 1, 2015   5,692,087   $0.36 
Warrants granted   1,796,667    0.20 
Warrants exercised   (200,000)   0.25 
Warrants cancelled   (2,877,087)   0.36 
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2015   4,411,667   $0.31 
Warrants granted   8,735,225    0.11 
Warrants exercised        
Warrants cancelled   (1,700,000)   0.30 
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2016   11,446,892   $0.15 
Warrants outstanding by Per Share Price
      Outstanding Warrants     Exercisable Warrants  

Warrant

Exercise Price

Per Share

    Shares    

Life

(Years)

   

Weighted

Average Exercise

Price

    Shares    

Weighted

Average Exercise

Price

 
$ 0.10 - $ 0.99       11,446,892       1.1     $ 0.15       11,346,892     $ 0.15  
$ 1.00 - $ 1.99                 $           $ -  
        11,446,892             $ 0.15       11,346,892     $ 0.15