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Accounts Receivable
 6 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2017
Accounts Receivable Additional Disclosures [Abstract]  
Accounts Receivable
Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist of the following at:
 
 
January 31, 2017
 
July 31, 2016
Billed receivables from commercial and international customers
 
$
73,002,000

 
90,185,000

Unbilled receivables from commercial and international customers
 
23,405,000

 
19,333,000

Billed receivables from the U.S. government and its agencies
 
16,958,000

 
21,465,000

Unbilled receivables from the U.S. government and its agencies
 
13,642,000

 
21,013,000

Total accounts receivable
 
127,007,000

 
151,996,000

Less allowance for doubtful accounts
 
1,462,000

 
1,029,000

Accounts receivable, net
 
$
125,545,000

 
150,967,000



Unbilled receivables relate to contracts-in-progress for which revenue has been recognized but we have not yet billed the customer for work performed. We had $118,000 of retainage included in unbilled receivables at both January 31, 2017 and July 31, 2016 and management estimates that substantially all of the total unbilled receivables at January 31, 2017 will be billed and collected within one year. Of the unbilled receivables from commercial and international customers at January 31, 2017 and July 31, 2016, approximately $3,860,000 and $6,070,000, respectively, relates to a large over-the-horizon microwave system contract with our large U.S. prime contractor customer (all of which related to our North African country end-customer).

As of January 31, 2017, the U.S. government (and its agencies) and Verizon Communications Inc. (through various divisions) represented 24.1% and 11.7%, respectively, of total accounts receivable. As of July 31, 2016, except for the U.S. government (and its agencies), which represented 27.9% of total accounts receivable, there were no other customers which accounted for greater than 10.0% of total accounts receivable.

As of January 31, 2017 and July 31, 2016, 11.8% and 10.5%, respectively, of our total accounts receivable related to our North African country end customers.