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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Apr. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Foreign Currency The Company’s foreign subsidiaries' functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in earnings. The Company is subject to foreign exchange rate fluctuations in connection with the Company’s international operations. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates on historical experience, our observance of trends in particular areas and information or valuations and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances and which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that may not be readily apparent from other sources. Actual amounts could differ significantly from amounts previously estimated. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers only those investments which are highly liquid, readily convertible to cash, and with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company had cash balances of $9.8 million and $2.6 million, respectively, and no cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash balances in three major financial institutions which exceed federally insured limits. The Company regularly monitors the financial stability of these financial institutions and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk in its cash. If any liquidity and/or financial stability concerns arise with respect to banks and financial institutions, either nationally or in specific regions, the Company's ability to access cash or enter into new financing arrangements may be threatened, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations. Liquidity Our liquidity needs have typically arisen from the funding of our research and development programs and the launch of new products, working capital requirements, and other strategic initiatives. In the past, we have met these cash requirements through our cash on hand, working capital management, proceeds from certain private placements and public offerings of our securities, and sales of products and services. For the year ended April 30, 2025, the Company had net income of approximately $4.7 million, an accumulated deficit of approximately $79.9 million, negative working capital of $1.5 million and cash of $9.8 million. Despite the negative working capital, we believe that our cash on hand, together with expected cash flows from operations, are adequate to fund operations through at least August 2026. Should the Company be required to raise additional capital, there can be no assurance that management would be successful in raising such capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Fair Value The carrying value of cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their fair value based on the liquidity or the short-term maturities of these instruments. The fair value hierarchy promulgated by GAAP consists of three levels: •Level one — Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; •Level two — Inputs other than level one inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and •Level three — Unobservable inputs developed using estimates and assumptions, which are developed by the reporting entity and reflect those assumptions that a market participant would use. Determining which category an asset or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter. The Company has no assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring and/or non-recurring basis during the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is recorded at cost and primarily consists of laboratory equipment, furniture and fixtures, computer hardware and software, leasehold improvements, and internally developed software. Assets in progress include equipment or software not yet placed in service. Depreciation and amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the various assets ranging from three to seven years. Refer to Footnote 4, "Property and Equipment" for a detailed discussion. Leases The Company accounts for its leases under Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") ASC Topic 842, Leases ("ASC 842"). Under this guidance, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases and are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as both a right-of-use ("ROU") asset and lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the right-of-use asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right-of-use asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. Amortization expense for the ROU asset associated with its finance leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease and interest expense associated with its finance lease is recognized on the balance of the lease liability using the effective interest method based on the estimated incremental borrowing rate. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Impairment losses are to be recognized when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable or exceeds its fair value. The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that a carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company uses estimates of future cash flows over the remaining useful life of a long- lived asset or asset group to determine the recoverability of the asset. These estimates only include the net cash flows directly associated with, and that are expected to arise as a direct result of, the use and eventual disposition of the asset or asset group. The Company did not recognize any impairment losses for the Company’s long-lived assets for the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024 . Refer to Note 4, "Property and Equipment". Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. The Company evaluates the carrying value of goodwill annually in connection with the annual budgeting and forecast process and also between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit to which goodwill was allocated to below its carrying amount. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors, market conditions, or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. When evaluating goodwill for impairment, the Company may first perform an assessment qualitatively whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, referred to as a “step zero” approach. Subsequently (if necessary after step zero), an entity should perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying value. Under FASB's Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-02, Topic 350, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other" goodwill impairment is measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit over its fair value. Judgments regarding the existence of impairment indicators are based on legal factors, market conditions and operational performance of the businesses. Future events, including but not limited to continued declines in economic activity, loss of contracts or a significant number of customers, or a rapid increase in costs or capital expenditures, could cause the Company to conclude that impairment indicators exist and that goodwill is impaired. For the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company's annual assessment did not result in any impairment indicators. Cost of Oncology Revenue Cost of oncology revenue consists of direct costs related to laboratory supplies, mice purchases, and maintenance costs for studies completed internally as well as charges from Contract Research Organizations for studies handled externally. Indirect costs include salaries and other payroll related costs of compensation for personnel directly engaged in providing TOS products and services. All costs of performing studies in-house are expensed as incurred. All costs of performing studies from external sources, are expensed when incurred. Research and Development Research and development costs represent both costs incurred internally for research and development activities, including personnel costs, mice purchases, and maintenance, as well as costs incurred externally to facilitate research activities, such as tumor tissue procurement and characterization expenses. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Sales and Marketing Sales and marketing expenses represent costs incurred to promote the Company’s products offered, including salaries, benefits and related costs of our sales and marketing personnel, and represent costs of advertising and other selling and marketing expenses. All sales and marketing costs, including advertising costs, are expensed as incurred. Earnings Per Share Basic net income or loss per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing the net income for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock plus dilutive potential common stock considered outstanding during the period. Such dilutive shares consist of incremental shares that would be issued upon exercise of the Company’s common stock options. Dilutive earnings per share is not presented when it would be antidilutive to do so. Stock-based Payments The Company typically recognizes expense for stock-based payments based on the fair value of awards on the date of grant. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of short-traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. The option pricing model requires the Company to estimate certain key assumptions such as expected life, volatility, risk free interest rates and dividend yield to determine the fair value of stock-based awards. These assumptions are based on historical information and management judgment. The risk-free interest rate used is based on the United States treasury security rate with a term consistent with the expected term of the award at the time of the grant. Since the Company has limited option exercise history, it has generally elected to estimate the expected life of an award based upon the Securities and Exchange Commission-approved “simplified method” noted under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 with the continued use of this method extended under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110. Estimated volatility is based upon the historical volatility of the Company's common stock. The Company does not anticipate paying a dividend, and therefore, no expected dividend yield was used. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. The Company expenses stock-based payments over the period that the awards are expected to vest. In the event of forfeitures, compensation expense is adjusted. The Company expenses modification charges in the period of modification and, if required, over the remaining period the awards are expected to vest. The Company will report cash flows resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized from those options (excess tax benefits) as financing cash flows, if they should arise. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes have been provided to show the effect of temporary differences between the recognition of expenses for financial and income tax reporting purposes and between the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company assesses the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be recovered through tax planning strategies or from future taxable income, and to the extent that recovery is not likely or there is insufficient operating history, a valuation allowance is established. The Company adjusts the valuation allowance in the period management determines it is more likely than not that net deferred tax assets will or will not be realized. Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in the tax provision in the period of change. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company provided a valuation allowance for all net deferred tax assets, as recovery is not more likely than not based on an insufficient history of earnings. The Company reflects tax benefits only if it is more likely than not that we will be able to sustain the tax position, based on its technical merits. If a tax benefit meets this criterion, it is measured and recognized based on the largest amount of benefit that is cumulatively greater than 50% likely to be realized. As of April 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company has recorded $0 and $181,000, respectively, of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions relative to one of its foreign operations. The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company accrued $0 for any additional interest and or penalties on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, as the Company believes its recorded liability for uncertain tax positions, if applicable, covers any potential interest and/or penalties. The Company reversed the liability for uncertain tax positions as of April 30, 2025 due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. The Company does not anticipate any significant unrecognized tax benefits to be recorded during the next 12 months. For the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a benefit for income taxes of $75,000 and $32,000, respectively. These amounts are mainly attributable to taxable income earned in Israel and Italy relating to transfer pricing, U.S. state net operating loss limitations, a $181,000 reversal of an uncertain tax liability in Israel in fiscal 2025, and a return to provision adjustment benefit in Israel of $95,000 in fiscal 2024. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers". The objective of the standard is to establish a single comprehensive revenue recognition model that is designed to create greater comparability of financial statements across industries and jurisdictions. Under this standard, companies recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. All revenue is generated from contracts with customers. The Company recognizes revenue when control of these services is transferred to the customer in an amount, referred to as the transaction price, that reflects the consideration to which the Company is expected to be entitled in exchange for those services. The Company determines revenue recognition utilizing the following five steps: (1) identification of the contract with a customer, (2) identification of the performance obligations in the contract (promised goods or services that are distinct), (3) determination of the transaction price, (4) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (5) recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company transfers control of the product or service for each performance obligation. The Company records revenues net of any tax assessments by governmental authorities, such as value added taxes, that are imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue generating transactions. The majority of the Company's revenue arrangements are service contracts that are completed within a year or less. There are a few contracts that range in duration between 1 and 3 years. Substantially all of the Company's performance obligations, and associated revenue, are transferred to the customer over time. Most of the Company's contracts can be terminated by the customer without cause. In the event of termination, the Company's contracts provide that the customer pay the Company for services rendered through the termination date. The Company generally receives compensation based on a predetermined invoicing schedule relating to specific milestones for that contract. Amendments to contracts are common. The Company evaluates each amendment which meets the criteria of a contract modification under ASC 606. Each modification is further evaluated to determine whether the contract modification should be accounted for as a separate contract or as a continuation of the original agreement. The Company accounts for amendments as a separate contract as they meet the criteria under ASC 606-10-25-12. Pharmacology Study and Other Services The Company generally enters into contracts with customers to provide oncology services with payments based on fixed-fee arrangements. At contract inception, the Company assesses the services promised in the contracts with customers to identify the performance obligations in the arrangement. The Company's fixed-fee arrangements for oncology services are considered a single performance obligation because the Company provides a highly-integrated service. The Company recognizes revenue over time using a progress-based input method since there is no single output measure that would fairly depict the transfer of control over the life of the performance obligation. Revenue is recognized for the single performance obligation over time due to the Company's right to payment for work performed to date and the performance does not create an asset with an alternative use. The Company recognizes revenue as portions of the overall performance obligation are completed as this best depicts the progress toward the complete satisfaction of the performance obligation. License Revenue The Company also enters into contracts to provide access to certain Patient Derived Xenograft ("PDX") model data via a license agreement with payments based on a fixed-fee arrangement. The Company's current data licenses contain a single performance obligation of delivering access to the data license. The Company recognizes this license revenue up-front, at a point in time, when the performance obligation is satisfied with the delivery of the data. Incremental Costs of Obtaining a Contract (Sales Commissions) Under ASC 606, the costs of obtaining a contract can be expensed immediately, rather than capitalized and amortized, if the amortization period is one year or shorter. Sales commissions for the Company represent contract costs with a term of one year or less. Therefore, under ASC 606, the Company elected the practical expedient to expense these costs as incurred. Accounts Receivables, Unbilled Services and Deferred Revenue In general, billings and payments are established by contractual provisions including predetermined payment schedules, which may or may not correspond to the timing of the transfer of control of the Company's services under the contract. In general, the Company's intention in its invoicing (payment terms) is to maintain cash neutrality over the life of the contract. Upfront payments, when they occur, are intended to cover certain expenses the Company incurs at the beginning of the contract. Neither the Company nor its customers view such upfront payments and contracted payment schedules as a means of financing. Unbilled services primarily arise when the revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer. Such situations occur due to divergences between revenue recognition and the invoicing milestones which are based on predetermined payment terms. Deferred revenue consists of unearned payments received in excess of revenue recognized. As the contracted services are subsequently performed and the associated revenue recognized, the deferred revenue balance is reduced by the amount of the revenue recognized during the period. Deferred revenue is classified as a current liability on the consolidated balance sheet as the Company expects to recognize the associated revenue in less than one year. Segment Reporting Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise for which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and relied upon when making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. When evaluating the Company’s financial performance, the CODM reviews total revenues, total expenses, and expenses by functional classification, using this information to make decisions on a Company-wide basis. The Company currently operates in one reportable segment pertaining to oncology services. The CODM for the Company is the Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”). The Company’s CEO reviews operating results on an aggregate basis and manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis for the purpose of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it has a single reportable and operating segment structure. The CEO uses net income or loss as well as revenue results to allocate resources in the annual budgeting and forecasting process and also uses that measure as a basis for evaluating financial performance regularly by comparing actual results with established budgets and forecasts. All significant expense categories are presented on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The measure of segment assets is reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as total assets. Segment revenues and expenses are identical to that disclosed in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, “Segment Reporting” (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant expenses. The amendments require entities to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included within segment profit and loss, as well as the title and position of the CODM. The Company has adopted this standard effective May 1, 2024, noting that it did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or related disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Improvements to Tax Disclosures” (Topic 740). The new guidance is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures through changes to the rate reconciliation and the income taxes paid information disclosed. The ASU is effective retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted. The Company is in the process of completing the assessment of the impact that the adoption of this ASU will have on its financial statements, which is not expected to be material. In November 2024 and January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures" (Subtopic 220-40) "Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses" and ASU 2025-01 "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures" (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date". The new guidance is intended to enhance transparency and disclosures by requiring public business entities to disclose additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to financial statements at interim and annual reporting periods. The ASU is effective for the first annual reporting periods after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact that the adoption of this ASU will have on its financial statements and related disclosures, which is not expected to be material.

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