<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001213900-25-123300.txt : 20251218
<SEC-HEADER>0001213900-25-123300.hdr.sgml : 20251218
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20251218162728
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001213900-25-123300
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	424B2
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
FILED AS OF DATE:		20251218
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20251218

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JPMORGAN CHASE & CO
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000019617
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	NATIONAL COMMERCIAL BANKS [6021]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	02 Finance
		EIN:				132624428
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		424B2
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-270004
		FILM NUMBER:		251583423

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		383 MADISON AVENUE
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10017
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2122706000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		383 MADISON AVENUE
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10017

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	J P MORGAN CHASE & CO
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20010102

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	CHASE MANHATTAN CORP /DE/
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19960402

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	CHEMICAL BANKING CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JPMorgan Chase Financial Co. LLC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001665650
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	NATIONAL COMMERCIAL BANKS [6021]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	02 Finance
		EIN:				475462128
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		424B2
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-270004-01
		FILM NUMBER:		251583424

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		383 MADISON AVENUE
		STREET 2:		FLOOR 21
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10179
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(212) 270-6000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		383 MADISON AVENUE
		STREET 2:		FLOOR 21
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10179
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>424B2
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>ea0270270-01_424b2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>PRICING SUPPLEMENT
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right">Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 8pt; text-align: right">Registration Statement Nos. 333-270004 and 333-270004-01</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Pricing Supplement to <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010323005751/crt_dp192097-424b2.pdf">the
Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement, each dated April 13, 2023</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029543/ea151873_424b2.pdf">the
Underlying Supplement No. 1-I dated April 13, 2023</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029539/ea152803_424b2.pdf">the
Product Supplement No. 4-I dated April 13, 2023</A> <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1665650/000095010324007599/dp211753_424b3.htm">and
the Prospectus Addendum dated June 3, 2024</A></P>

<P STYLE="font: 18pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Medium-Term Notes, Series A<BR>
$4,957,000<BR>
Digital Equity Notes due 2027<BR>
(Linked to the S&amp;P 500<SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP> Index)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 2pt"><B>The notes do not bear interest. </B>The amount that you will be
paid on your notes on the stated maturity date (March 17, 2027, subject to adjustment) is based on the performance of the S&amp;P 500<SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP>
Index (which we refer to as the underlier) as measured from and including the trade date (December 16, 2025) to and including the determination
date (March 15, 2027, subject to adjustment). If the final underlier level on the determination date is greater than or equal to 87.50%
of the initial underlier level, you will receive the threshold settlement amount of $1,089.00 for each $1,000 principal amount note. If
the final underlier level declines by more than 12.50% from the initial underlier level, the return on your notes will be negative. <B>You
could lose your entire investment in the notes. Any payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company
LLC (&#8220;JPMorgan Financial&#8221;), as issuer of the notes, and the credit risk of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co., as guarantor
of the notes.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">To determine your payment at maturity, we will calculate the underlier return,
which is the percentage increase or decrease in the final underlier level from the initial underlier level. On the stated maturity date,
for each $1,000 principal amount note, you will receive an amount in cash equal to:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>if the underlier return is <I>greater than or equal to </I>-12.50% (the final underlier level is <I>greater than or equal to</I> 87.50%
of the initial underlier level), the threshold settlement amount; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>if the underlier return is <I>below</I> -12.50% (the final underlier level is <I>less than</I> the initial underlier level by more
than 12.50%), the <I>sum</I> of (i) $1,000 <I>plus</I> (ii) the <I>product</I> of (a) $1,000 <I>times</I> (b) approximately 1.1429 <I>times</I>
(c) the <I>sum</I> of the underlier return <I>plus</I> 12.50%. You will receive less than $1,000.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>Your investment in the notes involves certain risks, including, among
other things, our credit risk. See &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; on page S-2 of the accompanying prospectus supplement, Annex A to the accompanying
prospectus addendum, &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; on page PS-11 of the accompanying product supplement and &#8220;Selected Risk Factors&#8221;
on page PS-12 of this pricing supplement.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The foregoing is only a brief summary of the terms of your notes. You should
read the additional disclosure provided herein so that you may better understand the terms and risks of your investment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B><I>The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes were
set, was $983.60 per $1,000 principal amount note. </I></B>See &#8220;Summary Information &#8212; The Estimated Value of the Notes&#8221;
on page PS-6 of this pricing supplement for additional information about the estimated value of the notes and &#8220;Summary Information
&#8212; Secondary Market Prices of the Notes&#8221; on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement for information about secondary market prices
of the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Original issue date (settlement date):</B> December 19, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Original issue price:</B> 100.00% of the principal amount</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Underwriting commission/discount:</B> 1.25% of the principal amount*</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Net proceeds to the issuer:</B> 98.75% of the principal amount</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">See &#8220;Summary Information &#8212; Supplemental Use of Proceeds&#8221;
on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement for information about the components of the original issue price of the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">*J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent
for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling commissions of 1.25% of the principal amount it receives from us to an unaffiliated
dealer. See &#8220;Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)&#8221; on page PS-86 of the accompanying product supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;)
nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this pricing
supplement, the accompanying product supplement, the accompanying underlying supplement, the accompanying prospectus supplement, the accompanying
prospectus or the accompanying prospectus addendum. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Pricing Supplement dated December 16, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">The original issue price, fees and commissions and net proceeds listed
above relate to the notes we sell initially. We may decide to sell additional notes after the date of this pricing supplement, at issue
prices and with fees and commission and net proceeds that differ from the amounts set forth above. The return (whether positive or negative)
on your investment in notes will depend in part on the price you pay for your notes.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 3pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 3pt">We may use this pricing supplement in the initial sale of the notes.
In addition, JPMS or any other affiliate of ours may use this pricing supplement in a market-making transaction in a note after its initial
sale. <B><I>Unless JPMS or its agents inform the purchaser otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this pricing supplement is being used
in a market-making transaction.</I></B></P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">SUMMARY INFORMATION</P>



<DIV STYLE="border: Black 1pt solid; padding: 0in">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying
prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes
are a part, the accompanying prospectus addendum and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement and
the accompanying underlying supplement. <B>This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the
notes and supersedes all other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or
indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other
educational materials of ours. </B>You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo;
sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus
addendum as the notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax,
accounting and other advisers before you invest in the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov
as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 2pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>Product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029539/ea152803_424b2.pdf">http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029539/ea152803_424b2.pdf</A></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 2pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>Underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029543/ea151873_424b2.pdf">http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029543/ea151873_424b2.pdf</A></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 2pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010323005751/crt_dp192097-424b2.pdf">http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010323005751/crt_dp192097-424b2.pdf</A></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 2pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>Prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1665650/000095010324007599/dp211753_424b3.htm">http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1665650/000095010324007599/dp211753_424b3.htm</A></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan
Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&rsquo;s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing supplement, &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us&rdquo; and &ldquo;our&rdquo;
refer to JPMorgan Financial.</P>

</DIV>



<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">Key Terms</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Issuer:</B> JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct, wholly
owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Guarantor:</B> JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Underlier:</B> the S&amp;P 500<SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP> Index (Bloomberg
symbol, &#8220;SPX Index&#8221;), as published by S&amp;P Dow Jones Indices LLC (&#8220;S&amp;P&#8221;). The accompanying product supplement
refers to the underlier as the &#8220;Index.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Principal amount:</B> each note will have a principal amount of
$1,000; $4,957,000 in the aggregate for all the offered notes; the aggregate principal amount of the offered notes may be increased if
the issuer, at its sole option, decides to sell an additional amount of the offered notes on a date subsequent to the date of this pricing
supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Purchase at amount other than principal amount:</B> the amount
we will pay you at the stated maturity date for your notes will not be adjusted based on the price you pay for your notes, so if you acquire
notes at a premium (or discount) to the principal amount and hold them to the stated maturity date, it could affect your investment in
a number of ways. The return on your investment in the notes will be lower (or higher) than it would have been had you purchased the notes
at the principal amount. Also, the stated threshold level would not offer the same benefit to your investment
as would be the case if you had purchased the notes at the principal amount. Additionally, the cap level would be triggered at a lower
(or higher) percentage return than indicated below, relative to your initial investment. See &#8220;Selected Risk Factors &#8212; Risks
Relating to the Notes Generally &#8212; If You Purchase Your Notes at a Premium to the</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3; Options: NewSection; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"> Principal Amount, the Return on Your Investment
Will Be Lower Than the Return on Notes Purchased at the Principal Amount and the Impact of Certain Key Terms of the Notes Will Be Negatively
Affected&#8221; on page PS-13 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Payment on the stated maturity date:</B> for each $1,000 principal
amount note, we will pay you on the stated maturity date an amount in cash equal to:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>if the final underlier level is <I>greater than</I> or <I>equal to</I> the threshold level, the threshold settlement amount; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>if the final underlier level is <I>less than</I> the threshold level, the <I>sum</I> of (i) $1,000 <I>plus</I> (ii) the <I>product</I>
of (a) $1,000 <I>times</I> (b) the buffer rate <I>times</I> (c) the <I>sum</I> of the underlier return <I>plus</I> the buffer amount.
You will receive less than $1,000.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Initial underlier level (the closing level of the underlier on
the trade date): </B>6,800.26. The accompanying product supplement refers to the initial underlier level as the &#8220;Initial Value.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Final underlier level:</B> the closing level of the underlier
on the determination date. In certain circumstances, the closing level of the underlier will be based on the alternative calculation of
the underlier described under &#8220;General Terms of Notes &#8212; Postponement of a Determination Date &#8212; Notes Linked to a Single
Underlying &#8212; Notes Linked to a Single Underlying (Other Than a Commodity Index)&#8221; on page PS-45 of the accompanying product
supplement or &#8220;The Underlyings &#8212; Indices &#8212; Discontinuation of an Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation&#8221; on
page PS-68 of the accompanying product supplement. The accompanying product supplement refers to the final underlier level as the &#8220;Final
Value.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Underlier return:</B> the <I>quotient</I> of (i) the final underlier
level <I>minus</I> the initial underlier level <I>divided by</I> (ii) the initial underlier level, expressed as a percentage</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Cap level:</B> 108.90% of the initial underlier level</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Threshold settlement amount: </B>$1,089.00</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Threshold level:</B> 87.50% of the initial underlier level</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Buffer amount:</B> 12.50%</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Buffer rate:</B> the <I>quotient</I> of the initial underlier
level <I>divided by</I> the threshold level, which equals approximately 1.1429</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Trade date:</B> December 16, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Original issue date (settlement date):</B> December 19, 2025</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Determination date:</B> March 15, 2027, subject to postponement
in the event of a market disruption event and as described under &#8220;General Terms of Notes &#8212; Postponement of a Determination
Date &#8212; Notes Linked to a Single Underlying &#8212; Notes Linked to a Single Underlying (Other Than a Commodity Index)&#8221; on
page PS-45 of the accompanying product supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Stated maturity date:</B> March 17, 2027, subject to postponement
in the event of a market disruption event and as described under &#8220;General Terms of Notes &#8212; Postponement of a Payment Date&#8221;
on page PS-45 of the accompanying product supplement. The accompanying product supplement refers to the stated maturity date as the &#8220;maturity
date.&#8221;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>No interest:</B> The offered notes do not bear interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>No listing:</B> The offered notes will not be listed on any securities
exchange or interdealer quotation system.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>No redemption:</B> The offered notes will not be subject to redemption
right or price dependent redemption right.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Closing level:</B> as described under &#8220;The Underlyings &#8212;
Indices &#8212; Level of an Index&#8221; on page PS-66 of the accompanying product supplement</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Business day:</B> as described under &#8220;General Terms of Notes
&#8212; Postponement of a Payment Date&#8221; on page PS-45 of the accompanying product supplement</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Trading day:</B> as described under &#8220;General Terms of Notes
&#8212; Postponement of a Determination Date &#8212; Additional Defined Terms&#8221; on page PS-48 of the accompanying product supplement</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Use of proceeds and hedging:</B> as described under &#8220;Use
of Proceeds and Hedging&#8221; on page PS-43 of the accompanying product supplement, as supplemented by &#8220; &#8212; Supplemental Use
of Proceeds&#8221; below</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Tax treatment: </B>You should review carefully the section entitled
&#8220;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences&#8221; in the accompanying product supplement no. 4-I. The following discussion,
when read in combination with that section, constitutes the full opinion of our special tax counsel, Davis Polk &amp; Wardwell LLP, regarding
the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Based on current market conditions, in the opinion of our special
tax counsel it is reasonable to treat the notes as &#8220;open transactions&#8221; that are not debt instruments for U.S. federal income
tax purposes, as more fully described in &#8220;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences &#8212; Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders
&#8212; Notes Treated as Open Transactions That Are Not Debt Instruments&#8221; in the accompanying product supplement. Assuming this
treatment is respected, the gain or loss on your notes should be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if you hold your notes for
more than a year, whether or not you are an initial purchaser of notes at the issue price. However, the IRS or a court may not respect
this treatment, in which case the timing and character of any income or loss on the notes could be materially and adversely affected.
In addition, in 2007 Treasury and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of &#8220;prepaid
forward contracts&#8221; and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require investors in these instruments
to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of
income or loss with respect to these instruments; the relevance of factors such as the nature of the underlying property to which the
instruments are linked; the degree, if any, to which income (including any mandated accruals) realized by non-U.S. investors should be
subject to withholding tax; and whether these instruments are or should be subject to the &#8220;constructive ownership&#8221; regime,
which very generally can operate to recharacterize certain long-term capital gain as ordinary income and impose a notional interest charge.
While the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated
after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the notes, possibly
with retroactive effect. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the
notes, including possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by this notice.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder
(&#8220;Section 871(m)&#8221;) generally impose a 30% withholding tax (unless an income tax treaty applies) on dividend equivalents paid
or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S.
equities. Section 871(m) provides certain exceptions to this withholding regime, including for instruments linked to certain broad-based
indices that meet requirements set forth in the applicable Treasury regulations. Additionally, a recent IRS notice excludes from the scope
of Section 871(m) instruments issued prior to January 1, 2027 that do not have a delta of one with respect to underlying securities that
could pay U.S.-source dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes (each an &#8220;Underlying Security&#8221;). Based on certain determinations
made by us, our special tax counsel is of the opinion that Section 871(m) should not apply to the notes with regard to Non-U.S. Holders.
Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this determination. Section 871(m) is complex and its application
may depend on your particular circumstances, including whether you enter into other transactions with respect to an Underlying Security.
You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential application of Section 871(m) to the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>ERISA:</B> as described under &#8220;Benefit Plan Investor Considerations&#8221;
on page PS-88 of the accompanying product supplement</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Supplemental plan of distribution:</B> as described under &#8220;Plan
of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)&#8221; on page PS-86 of the accompanying product supplement; we estimate that our share of the
total offering expenses, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $10,000. We have agreed to sell to JPMS,
and JPMS has agreed to purchase from us, the aggregate principal amount of the notes specified on the front cover of this pricing supplement.
JPMS proposes initially to offer the notes to the public at the original issue price set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement,
and to an unaffiliated dealer at that price and to pay that dealer a selling commission of 1.25% of the principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Conflicts of interest:</B> JPMS has a &#8220;conflict of interest&#8221;
within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121 in any offering of the notes in which it participates because JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.
owns, directly or indirectly, all of the outstanding equity securities of JPMS, because JPMS and we are under common control by JPMorgan
Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. and because the net proceeds received from the sale of the notes will be used, in part, by JPMS or its affiliates
in connection with hedging our obligations under the notes. The offering of the notes will comply with the requirements of Rule 5121 of
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (&#8220;FINRA&#8221;) regarding a FINRA member firm&#8217;s underwriting of securities of
an affiliate. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, neither JPMS nor any other affiliated agent of ours may make sales in the offering of
the notes to any of its discretionary accounts without the specific written approval of the customer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Calculation agent:</B> JPMS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>CUSIP no.:</B> 48136MCT2</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>ISIN no.:</B> US48136MCT27</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><B>FDIC:</B> the notes are not bank deposits and are not insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">Supplemental Terms of the Notes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">For purposes of the notes offered by this pricing supplement, all
references to each of the following terms used in the accompanying product supplement will be deemed to refer to the corresponding term
used in this pricing supplement, as set forth in the table below:</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"><B>Product Supplement Term</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 51%; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"><B>Pricing Supplement Term</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt"><B>I</B>ndex</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">underlier</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">Initial Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">initial underlier level</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">Final Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">final underlier level</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">pricing date</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">trade date</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">maturity date</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">stated maturity date</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">term sheet</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">preliminary pricing supplement</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">In addition, the following terms used in this pricing supplement
are not defined in the accompanying product supplement: underlier return, threshold settlement amount, cap level, threshold level, buffer
amount and buffer rate. Accordingly, please refer to &#8220;Key Terms&#8221; on page PS-3 of this pricing supplement for the definitions
of these terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Any values of the underlier, and any values derived therefrom, included
in this pricing supplement may be corrected, in the event of manifest error or inconsistency, by amendment of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">The Estimated Value of the Notes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The estimated value of the notes when the terms of the notes are
set, which we refer to as the estimated value of the notes, set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the
values of the following hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the
internal funding rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated
value of the notes does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any
exists) at any time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied
funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. or its affiliates.
Any difference may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates&#8217; view of the funding value of the notes as well as the
higher issuance, operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed
income instruments of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions,
which may prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use
of an internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary
market prices of the notes. For additional information, see &#8220;Selected Risk Factors &#8212; Risks Relating to the Estimated Value
and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes &#8212; The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate&#8221;
on page PS-15 of this pricing supplement. The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived
from internal pricing models of our affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative
instruments and on various other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest
rates and other factors, as well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the
notes is determined when the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing
at that time. See &#8220;Selected Risk Factors &#8212; Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
&#8212; The Estimated Value of the Notes Does Not Represent Future Values of the Notes and May Differ from Others&#8217; Estimates&#8221;
on page PS-14 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The estimated value of the notes is lower than the original issue
price of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of
the notes. These costs include the selling commissions paid to JPMS and the unaffiliated dealer, the projected profits, if any, that our
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging
our obligations under the notes. Because hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control,
this hedging may result in a profit that is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits realized
in hedging our obligations under the notes, if any, may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more
of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging profits. A fee will also be paid to iCapital Markets LLC, an electronic platform in
which an affiliate of Goldman Sachs &amp; Co. LLC, who is acting as a dealer in connection with the distribution of the notes, holds an
indirect minority equity interest, for services it is providing in connection with this offering. See &#8220;Selected Risk Factors &#8212;
Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes &#8212; The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Lower Than
the Original Issue Price of the Notes&#8221; on page PS-14 of this pricing supplement.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">Secondary Market Prices of the Notes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">For information about factors that will impact any secondary market
prices of the notes, see &#8220;Selected Risk Factors &#8212; Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the
Notes &#8212; Secondary Market Prices of the Notes Will Be Impacted by Many Economic and Market Factors&#8221; on page PS-15 of this pricing
supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially
paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over the period from
the trade date through March 16, 2026. The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates
expect to earn a profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred,
as determined by our affiliates. See &#8220;Selected Risk Factors &#8212; Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices
of the Notes &#8212; The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May Be Higher
Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period&#8221; on page PS-15 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">Supplemental Use of Proceeds</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect
the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the notes. See &#8220;Hypothetical Examples&#8221; on page PS-9 of this pricing
supplement for an illustration of the risk-return profile of the notes and &#8220;The Underlier&#8221; on page PS-17 of this pricing supplement
for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value
of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and the unaffiliated dealer, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging
our obligations under the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">Validity of the Notes and the Guarantee</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">In the opinion of Davis Polk &amp; Wardwell LLP, as special products
counsel to JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co., when the notes offered by this pricing supplement have been issued
by JPMorgan Financial pursuant to the indenture, the trustee and/or paying agent has made, in accordance with the instructions from JPMorgan
Financial, the appropriate entries or notations in its records relating to the master global note that represents such notes (the &#8220;master
note&#8221;), and such notes have been delivered against payment as contemplated herein, such notes will be valid and binding obligations
of JPMorgan Financial and the related guarantee will constitute a valid and binding obligation of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.,
enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors&#8217; rights
generally, concepts of reasonableness and equitable principles of general applicability (including, without limitation, concepts of good
faith, fair dealing and the lack of bad faith), <I>provided</I> that such counsel expresses no opinion as to (i) the effect of fraudulent
conveyance, fraudulent transfer or similar provision of applicable law on the conclusions expressed above or (ii) any provision of the
indenture that purports to avoid the effect of fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer or similar provision of applicable law by limiting
the amount of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s obligation under the related guarantee. This opinion is given as of the date
hereof and is limited to the laws of the State of New York, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the Delaware Limited
Liability Company Act. In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the trustee&#8217;s authorization, execution
and delivery of the indenture and its authentication of the master note and the validity, binding nature and enforceability of the indenture
with respect to the trustee, all as stated in the letter of such counsel dated February 24, 2023, which was filed as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement on Form S-3 by JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. on February 24, 2023.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLES</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The following table and chart are provided for purposes of illustration
only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and are intended merely to illustrate the impact
that the various hypothetical underlier levels on the determination date could have on the payment at maturity assuming all other variables
remain constant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The examples below are based on a range of final underlier levels
that are entirely hypothetical; no one can predict what the underlier level will be on any day throughout the term of your notes, and
no one can predict what the final underlier level will be on the determination date. The underlier has been highly volatile in the past
&#8212; meaning that the underlier level has changed considerably in relatively short periods &#8212; and its performance cannot be predicted
for any future period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The information in the following examples reflects hypothetical rates
of return on the offered notes assuming that they are purchased on the original issue date at the principal amount and held to the stated
maturity date. If you sell your notes in a secondary market prior to the stated maturity date, your return will depend upon the market
value of your notes at the time of sale, which may be affected by a number of factors that are not reflected in the table below, such
as interest rates, the volatility of the underlier and our and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s creditworthiness. In addition,
the estimated value of the notes is less than the original issue price. For more information on the estimated value of the notes, see
&#8220;Summary Information &#8212; The Estimated Value of the Notes&#8221; on page PS-6 of this pricing supplement. The information in
the table also reflects the key terms and assumptions in the box below.</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt"><B>Key Terms and Assumptions</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt">Principal amount</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt; text-align: right">$1,000</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt">Cap level</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt; text-align: right">108.90% of the initial underlier level</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt">Threshold settlement amount</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt; text-align: right">$1,089.00</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt">Threshold level</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt; text-align: right">87.50% of the initial underlier level</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt">Buffer rate</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt; text-align: right">approximately 1.1429</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt">Buffer amount</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt; text-align: right">12.50%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 4pt; padding-left: 4pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Neither a market disruption event nor a non-trading day occurs on
    the originally scheduled determination date.</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">During the term of the notes, the underlier is not discontinued,
    the method of calculating the underlier does not change in any material respect and the underlier is not modified so that its level does
    not, in the opinion of the calculation agent, fairly represent the level of the underlier had those modifications not been made.</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Notes purchased on original issue date at the principal amount and
    held to the stated maturity date</P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">For these reasons, the actual performance of the underlier over the
term of your notes, as well as the amount payable at maturity, if any, may bear little relation to the hypothetical examples shown below
or to the historical underlier levels shown elsewhere in this pricing supplement. For information about the historical levels of the underlier
during recent periods, see &#8220;The Underlier &#8212; Historical Closing Levels of the Underlier&#8221; below. Before investing in the
offered notes, you should consult publicly available information to determine the levels of the underlier between the date of this pricing
supplement and the date of your purchase of the offered notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Also, the hypothetical examples shown below do not take into account
the effects of applicable taxes. Because of the U.S. tax treatment applicable to your notes, tax liabilities could affect the after-tax
rate of return on your notes to a comparatively greater extent than the after-tax return on the underlier stocks.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The levels in the left column of the table below represent hypothetical
final underlier levels and are expressed as percentages of the initial underlier level. The amounts in the right column represent the
hypothetical payments at maturity, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level), and are expressed
as percentages of the </P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->9<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">principal amount of a note (rounded to the nearest one-thousandth of a percent). Thus, a hypothetical payment at
maturity of 100.000% means that the value of the cash payment that we would deliver for each $1,000 of the outstanding principal amount
of the offered notes on the stated maturity date would equal 100.000% of the principal amount of a note, based on the corresponding hypothetical
final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level) and the assumptions noted above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>Hypothetical Final Underlier Level</B><BR>
<B>(as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>Hypothetical Payment at Maturity</B><BR>
<B>(as Percentage of Principal Amount)</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">150.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">140.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">130.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">120.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">110.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #BFBFBF">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>108.900%</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>108.900%</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">105.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">102.500%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #BFBFBF">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>100.000%</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>108.900%</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">95.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">90.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">108.900%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #BFBFBF">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>87.500%</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>108.900%</B></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">87.490%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">99.989%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">80.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">91.429%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">75.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">85.714%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">50.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">57.143%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">25.000%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center">28.571%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #BFBFBF">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>0.000%</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt; text-align: center"><B>0.000%</B></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">If, for example, the final underlier level were determined to be
25.000% of the initial underlier level, the payment that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would be approximately 28.571% of
the principal amount of your notes, as shown in the table above. As a result, if you purchased your notes on the original issue date at
the principal amount and held them to the stated maturity date, you would lose approximately 71.429% of your investment (if you purchased
your notes at a premium to principal amount you would lose a correspondingly higher percentage of your investment). In addition, if the
final underlier level were determined to be 150.000% of the initial underlier level, the payment that we would deliver on your notes at
maturity would be capped at the threshold settlement amount (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount), or 108.900% of each $1,000
principal amount note, as shown in the table above. As a result, if you held your notes to the stated maturity date, you would not benefit
from any increase in the final underlier level over 108.900% of the initial underlier level.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The following chart also shows a graphical illustration of the hypothetical
payments at maturity (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount of your notes) that we would pay on your notes on the stated maturity
date, if the final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier level) were any of the hypothetical levels shown
on the horizontal axis. The chart shows that any hypothetical final underlier level (expressed as a percentage of the initial underlier
level) of less than 87.500% (the section left of the 87.500% marker on the horizontal axis) would result in a hypothetical payment at
maturity of less than 100.000% of the principal amount of your notes (the section below the 100.000% marker on the vertical axis) and,
accordingly, in a loss of principal to the holder of the notes. The chart also shows that any hypothetical final underlier level (expressed
as a percentage of the initial underlier level) of greater than or equal to 87.500% (the section right of the 87.500% marker on the horizontal
axis) would result in a capped return on your investment.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->10<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="image_001.gif" ALT="" STYLE="height: 378px; width: 624px"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0">The payments at maturity shown above are entirely hypothetical; they
are based on closing levels for the underlier that may not be achieved on the determination date and on assumptions that may prove to
be erroneous. The actual market value of your notes on the stated maturity date or at any other time, including any time you may wish
to sell your notes, may bear little relation to the hypothetical payments at maturity shown above, and these amounts should not be viewed
as an indication of the financial return on an investment in the offered notes. The hypothetical payments at maturity on notes held to
the stated maturity date in the examples above assume you purchased your notes at their principal amount and have not been adjusted to
reflect the actual price you pay for your notes. The return on your investment (whether positive or negative) in your notes will be affected
by the amount you pay for your notes. If you purchase your notes for a price other than the principal amount, the return on your investment
will differ from, and may be significantly lower than, the hypothetical returns suggested by the above examples. Please read &#8220;Selected
Risk Factors &#8212; Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes &#8212; Secondary Market Prices of
the Notes Will Be Impacted by Many Economic and Market Factors&#8221; on page PS-15 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The hypothetical returns on the notes shown above apply <B>only if
you hold the notes for their entire term</B>. These hypotheticals do not reflect fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale
in the secondary market. If these fees and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns shown above would likely be lower.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 2pt 10pt 0; padding-right: 2pt; padding-left: 2pt; border: black 1pt solid"><I>We cannot predict the actual final </I>underlier
<I>level or what the market value of your notes will be on any particular day, nor can we predict the relationship between the </I>underlier
level <I>and the market value of your notes at any time prior to the stated maturity date. The actual amount that you will receive, if
any, at maturity and the rate of return on the offered notes will depend on the actual final </I>underlier <I>level determined by the
calculation agent as described above. Moreover, the assumptions on which the hypothetical returns are based may turn out to be inaccurate.
Consequently, the amount of cash to be paid in respect of your notes, if any, on the stated maturity date may be very different from the
information reflected in the table and chart above.</I></P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->11<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Selected Risk Factors</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 2pt 10pt 0; padding-right: 2pt; padding-left: 2pt; border: black 1pt solid"><I>An investment in your notes is subject
to the risks described below, as well as the risks described under the &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; sections of the accompanying prospectus
supplement and the accompanying product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum. Your notes are a riskier investment
than ordinary debt securities. Also, your notes are not equivalent to investing directly in the underlier stocks, i.e., the stocks underlying
the underlier to which your notes are linked. You should carefully consider whether the offered notes are suited to your particular circumstances.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0"><B>Risks Relating to the Notes Generally</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">You May Lose Some or All of Your Investment
in the Notes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The notes do not guarantee any return of principal. The return on
the notes at maturity is linked to the performance of the underlier and will depend on whether the final underlier level is less than
the initial underlier level by more than 12.50%. Your investment will be exposed to loss on a leveraged basis if the final underlier level
is less than the initial underlier level by more than 12.50%. For every 1% that the final underlier level is less than the initial underlier
level by more than 12.50%, you will lose an amount equal to approximately 1.1429% of the principal amount of your notes. Accordingly,
you could lose some or all of your initial investment at maturity. Also, the market price of your notes prior to the stated maturity date
may be significantly lower than the purchase price you pay for your notes. Consequently, if you sell your notes before the stated maturity
date, you may receive far less than the amount of your investment in the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">Your Maximum Gain on the Notes Is Limited
to the Threshold Settlement Amount</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">If the final underlier level is greater than or equal to 87.50% of
the initial underlier level, for each $1,000 principal amount note, you will receive at maturity a payment that will not exceed the threshold
settlement amount, regardless of the appreciation in the underlier, which may be significant. Accordingly, the amount payable on your
notes may be significantly less than it would have been had you invested directly in the underlier. The threshold settlement amount is
$1,089.00.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">The Notes Are Subject to the Credit Risks
of JPMorgan Financial and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The notes are subject to our and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s
credit risks, and our and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s credit ratings and credit spreads may adversely affect the market
value of the notes. Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s ability to pay all amounts due on the
notes. Any actual or potential change in our or JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined
by the market for taking that credit risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.
were to default on our payment obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire
investment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">As a Finance Subsidiary, JPMorgan Financial
Has No Independent Operations and Has Limited Assets</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co., we
have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations.
Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co., substantially all of our assets relate to obligations
of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. to make payments under loans made by us to JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. or under other intercompany
agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. to meet our obligations under the notes.
We are not a key operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. and in a bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.
we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.
does not make payments to us and we are unable to make payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee
by JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co., and that guarantee will rank <I>pari passu</I> with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations
of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. For more information, see the accompanying prospectus addendum.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 12; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->12<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">No Interest or Dividend Payments or Voting
Rights</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">As a holder of the notes, you will not receive interest payments.
As a result, even if the amount payable for your notes on the stated maturity date exceeds the principal amount of your notes, the overall
return you earn on your notes may be less than you would have earned by investing in a non-index-linked debt security of comparable maturity
that bears interest at a prevailing market rate. In addition, as a holder of the notes, you will not have voting rights or rights to receive
cash dividends or other distributions or other rights that holders of the underlier stocks would have.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">We May Sell an Additional Aggregate Principal
Amount of the Notes at a Different Issue Price</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">At our sole option, we may decide to sell an additional aggregate
principal amount of the notes subsequent to the date of this pricing supplement. The issue price of the notes in the subsequent sale may
differ substantially (higher or lower) from the original issue price you paid as provided on the cover of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">If You Purchase Your Notes at a Premium to
the Principal Amount, the Return on Your Investment Will Be Lower Than the Return on Notes Purchased at the Principal Amount and the Impact
of Certain Key Terms of the Notes Will Be Negatively Affected</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The amount you will be paid for your notes on the stated maturity
date will not be adjusted based on the price you pay for the notes. If you purchase notes at a price that differs from the principal amount
of the notes, then the return on your investment in the notes held to the stated maturity date will differ from, and may be substantially
less than, the return on notes purchased at the principal amount. If you purchase your notes at a premium to the principal amount and
hold them to the stated maturity date the return on your investment in the notes will be lower than it would have been had you purchased
the notes at the principal amount or a discount to the principal amount. In addition, the impact of the threshold level and the cap level
on the return on your investment will depend upon the price you pay for your notes relative to the principal amount. For example, if you
purchase your notes at a premium to the principal amount, the cap level will permit only a lower percentage increase in your investment
in the notes than would have been the case for notes purchased at the principal amount or a discount to the principal amount. Similarly,
the threshold level, while still providing an increase in the return on the notes if the final underlier level is greater than or equal
to the threshold level but less than the cap level, will allow a greater percentage decrease in your investment in the notes than would
have been the case for notes purchased at the principal amount or a discount to the principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">Lack of Liquidity</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. JPMS intends
to offer to purchase the notes in the secondary market but is not required to do so. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide
enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the notes easily. Because other dealers are not likely to make a secondary market for the
notes, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy
the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">The Tax Consequences of an Investment in the
Notes Are Uncertain</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">There is no direct legal authority as to the proper U.S. federal
income tax characterization of the notes, and we do not intend to request a ruling from the IRS. The IRS might not accept, and a court
might not uphold, the treatment of the notes described in &#8220;Key Terms &#8212; Tax treatment&#8221; in this pricing supplement and
in &#8220;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences&#8221; in the accompanying product supplement. If the IRS were successful in asserting
an alternative treatment for the notes, the timing and character of any income or loss on the notes could differ materially and adversely
from our description herein. In addition, in 2007 Treasury and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income
tax treatment of &#8220;prepaid forward contracts&#8221; and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require
investors in these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asks for comments on a number of related topics,
including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; the relevance of factors such as the nature of the underlying
property to which the instruments are linked; the degree, if any, to which income (including any mandated accruals) realized by non-U.S.
investors should be subject to withholding tax; and whether these</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->13<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">instruments are or should be subject to the &#8220;constructive ownership&#8221;
regime, which very generally can operate to recharacterize certain long-term capital gain as ordinary income and impose a notional interest
charge. While the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance
promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the notes,
possibly with retroactive effect. You should review carefully the section entitled &#8220;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences&#8221;
in the accompanying product supplement and consult your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment
in the notes, including possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by this notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0"><B>Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">Potential Conflicts of Interest</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with
the issuance of the notes, including acting as calculation agent and as an agent of the offering of the notes, hedging our obligations
under the notes and making the assumptions used to determine the pricing of the notes and the estimated value of the notes. Also, the
distributor from which you purchase the notes may conduct hedging activities for us in connection with the notes. In performing these
duties, our and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s economic interests, the economic interests of any distributor performing such
duties and the economic interests of the calculation agent and other affiliates of ours are potentially adverse to your interests as an
investor in the notes. In addition, our and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s business activities, and the business activities
of any distributor from which you purchase the notes, including hedging and trading activities, could cause our and JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s
economic interests to be adverse to yours and could adversely affect any payment on the notes and the value of the notes. It is possible
that hedging or trading activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or
our affiliates while the value of the notes declines. If the distributor from which you purchase notes is to conduct hedging activities
for us in connection with the notes, that distributor may profit in connection with such hedging activities and such profit, if any, will
be in addition to the compensation that the distributor receives for the sale of the notes to you. You should be aware that the potential
to earn fees in connection with hedging activities may create a further incentive for the distributor to sell the notes to you in addition
to the compensation they would receive for the sale of the notes. Please refer to &#8220;Risk Factors &#8212; Risks Relating to Conflicts
of Interest&#8221; on page PS-17 of the accompanying product supplement for additional information about these risks.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0"><B>Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices
of the Notes</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Lower
Than the Original Issue Price of the Notes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by
reference to several factors. The original issue price of the notes exceeds the estimated value of the notes because costs associated
with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling
commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations
under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. See &#8220;Summary Information &#8212; The Estimated
Value of the Notes&#8221; on page PS-6 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">The Estimated Value of the Notes Does Not
Represent Future Values of the Notes and May Differ from Others&#8217; Estimates</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The estimated value of the notes is determined by reference to internal
pricing models of our affiliates when the terms of the notes are set. This estimated value of the notes is based on market conditions
and other relevant factors existing at that time and assumptions about market parameters, which can include volatility, dividend rates,
interest rates and other factors. Different pricing models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than
or less than the estimated value of the notes. In addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and
any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things,
changes in market conditions, our or JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s creditworthiness,</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->14<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact
the price, if any, at which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions. See &#8220;Summary Information
&#8212; The Estimated Value of the Notes&#8221; on page PS-6 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived
by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated
value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by
JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates&#8217;
view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance, operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes
in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. This internal funding
rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing
market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an
adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market prices of the notes. See &#8220;Summary Information &#8212; The Estimated
Value of the Notes&#8221; on page PS-6 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS
(and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited
Time Period</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original
issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that
will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if
any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances.
See &#8220;Summary Information &#8212; Secondary Market Prices of the Notes&#8221; on page PS-7 of this pricing supplement for additional
information relating to this initial period. Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than
the value of the notes as published by JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">Secondary Market Prices of the Notes Will
Likely Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price of the Notes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than
the original issue price of the notes because, among other things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market
funding rates for structured debt issuances and, also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging
profits, if any, and estimated hedging costs that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any,
at which JPMS will be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original
issue price. Any sale by you prior to the maturity date could result in a substantial loss to you. See the immediately following risk
consideration for information about additional factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The notes are not designed to be short-term trading instruments.
Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity. See &#8220;&#8212; Risks Relating to the Notes Generally &#8212;
Lack of Liquidity&#8221; on page PS-13 of this pricing supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 0; text-align: center">Secondary Market Prices of the Notes Will
Be Impacted by Many Economic and Market Factors</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be
impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions,
projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging costs and the level of the underlier, including:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>any actual or potential change in our or JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co.&#8217;s creditworthiness or credit spreads;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>customary bid-ask spreads for similarly sized trades;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->15<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>the actual and expected volatility of the underlier;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>the time to maturity of the notes;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>the dividend rates on the underlier stocks;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>interest and yield rates in the market generally; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD>a variety of other economic, financial, political, regulatory and judicial events.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers
may publish a price for the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or
lower) than the price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0"><B>Risks Relating to the Underlier</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. Is Currently
One of the Companies that Make Up the Underlier</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. is currently one of the companies
that make up the underlier. JPMorgan Chase&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Co. will not have any obligation to consider your interests as a holder of
the notes in taking any corporate action that might affect the value of the underlier and the notes.</P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16; Value: 3 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->16<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">THE Underlier</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The S&amp;P 500<SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP> Index consists of stocks of 500 companies
selected to provide a performance benchmark for the U.S. equity markets. For additional information about the S&amp;P 500<SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP>
Index, see the information set forth under &#8220;Equity Index Descriptions &#8212; The S&amp;P U.S. Indices&#8221; on page US-69 of the
accompanying underlying supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">In addition, information about the S&amp;P 500<SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP> Index
may be obtained from other sources, including, but not limited to, the underlier sponsor&#8217;s website (including information regarding
the underlier&#8217;s sector weightings). We are not incorporating by reference into this pricing supplement the website or any material
it includes. Neither we nor any agent or dealer for this offering makes any representation that this publicly available information regarding
the underlier is accurate or complete.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center">Historical Closing Levels of the Underlier</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">The closing level of the underlier has fluctuated in the past and
may, in the future, experience significant fluctuations. Any historical upward or downward trend in the closing level of the underlier
during any period shown below is not an indication that the underlier is more or less likely to increase or decrease at any time during
the term of your notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>You should not take the historical levels of the underlier as
an indication of the future performance of the underlier. </B>We cannot give you any assurance that the future performance of the underlier
or the underlier stocks will result in a return of any of your initial investment on the stated maturity date. In light of the increased
volatility currently being experienced by the securities markets, and recent market declines, it may be substantially more likely that
you could lose all or a substantial portion of your investment in the notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Neither we nor any of our affiliates make any representation to you
as to the performance of the underlier. The actual performance of the underlier over the term of the offered notes, as well as the amount
payable at maturity, may bear little relation to the historical levels shown below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">The graph below shows the closing levels of the underlier on each day from
January 2, 2020 through December 16, 2025. The closing level of the underlier on December 16, 2025 was 6,800.26. We obtained the closing
levels shown above and in the graph below from the Bloomberg Professional<SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP> service (&#8220;Bloomberg&#8221;), without independent
verification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; border: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.5pt; padding-left: 0.5pt">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 10pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Historical Performance of the S&amp;P 500</B><SUP STYLE="vertical-align: text-top">&reg;</SUP>
    <B>Index</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="image_002.gif" ALT="" STYLE="height: 250px; width: 550px"></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 6pt; text-align: center"><B>Source: Bloomberg</B></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17; Options: Last -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%"><P STYLE="margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6pt; font: 10pt Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">PS-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->17<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-FILING FEES
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-FILING FEES
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024" xmlns:ffd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2">
  <head>
    <title>EX-FILING FEES</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div style="display: none">
      <ix:header>
        <ix:hidden>
          <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FormTp" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-36">S-3</ix:nonNumeric>
          <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:SubmissnTp" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-37">424B2</ix:nonNumeric>
          <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FeeExhibitTp" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-38">EX-FILING FEES</ix:nonNumeric>
          <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:RegnFileNb" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-39">333-270004</ix:nonNumeric>
          <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-40">0000019617</ix:nonNumeric>
          <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityRegistrantName" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-41">JPMORGAN CHASE &amp; CO</ix:nonNumeric>
        </ix:hidden>
        <ix:references>
          <link:schemaRef xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2/ffd-2024q2.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
        </ix:references>
        <ix:resources>
          <xbrli:context id="rc">
            <xbrli:entity>
              <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000019617</xbrli:identifier>
            </xbrli:entity>
            <xbrli:period>
              <xbrli:startDate>2025-12-17</xbrli:startDate>
              <xbrli:endDate>2025-12-17</xbrli:endDate>
            </xbrli:period>
          </xbrli:context>
          <xbrli:unit id="USD">
            <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
          </xbrli:unit>
          <xbrli:unit id="pure">
            <xbrli:measure>xbrli:pure</xbrli:measure>
          </xbrli:unit>
          <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
            <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
          </xbrli:unit>
        </ix:resources>
      </ix:header>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table style="width: 99%; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20pt; text-align: center;">
        <tr>
          <td colspan="4" style="padding-bottom: .5em">
            <p>
              <b>Calculation of Filing Fee Tables</b>
            </p>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="padding-bottom: .25em">
            <p>
              <b>
                <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FormTp" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-57">S-3</ix:nonNumeric>
              </b>
            </p>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="padding-bottom: .25em">
            <p>
              <b>
                <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityRegistrantName" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-58">JPMORGAN CHASE &amp; CO</ix:nonNumeric>
              </b>
            </p>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
    <div style="padding-bottom: 20px;">
      <table style="float: center; width: 100%; text-align: left;">
        <tbody>
          <tr style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px">
            <th style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; width: 90%;">
              <b>Narrative Disclosure</b>
            </th>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
      <table style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; float: center; width: 100%; text-align: center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>
					 The maximum aggregate offering price of the securities to which the prospectus relates is <span>$</span><ix:nonFraction name="ffd:NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric" decimals="INF" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" unitRef="USD" contextRef="rc" id="ixv-59">4,957,000</ix:nonFraction>. <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:FnlPrspctsFlg" contextRef="rc" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="ixv-60">The prospectus is a final prospectus for the related offering.</ix:nonNumeric>
				</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>
              <div style="padding-top: 20px;">
                <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:NrrtvDsclsr" contextRef="rc" escape="1" id="ixv-61">    </ix:nonNumeric>
              </div>
            </td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>image_001.gif
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
begin 644 image_001.gif
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M 8 4J:BR"BNMN()('*_@ $LLL@PT"RVM:,V#"[%( 0 E' !@-  %U/(%%P4
M4$B+'-0,QAT <!$$ !N4TH@MH6C_D>PJMP" 2PBJY%+$"KJD$@O 1#>^%QJG
M" 2''@)A<@@: ODPPB[[\>))B@*M,$LG!+W"@2<B ##+!0! GCD'H)^"^06S
M !!*+SVG2$(1++ 0@ *1^\(C  ><COD*-WB"B^/,-^_\\]!'+_WTU%=O_?78
M9Z_]]MQW[_WWX(<O_OCDES]2%7=CA;Y"$OSRD19BD(&[^?0;U,>#29GR@4!]
M]) 0!OA#R MH 0 ,$(@A% !&+(*A (4(8QAF2$3])C@0 Q!#*<5 A$#DD (
MK. "B2"=0!+1@ MZ,! \ P K0 B#6 #@!AH#P 7R%8 +*$"" O$"%ZJ "J$!
M@ 28 T G_UB1"!%$HD, 2$00AY@(5GR0!#7$H0I#P0J!K# 1*4RB"(+("A12
M\%(6+ GD3D'&,IKQC*<@P4 ZT0LTFK&* -@!@P#P"/V$X!/&L $: G ,9%C!
M"P!PPB\,00$%L*(.'P@!#,@  "R   "92$8A%-$)!Z!"&%P8R EZ@(L\""
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MP;D6 H !^CD!*%P0B0,481!P%,@)V. +TNEA&IQ81!S.NC\ D&$; ."$$X
M#)MQ0R#$J :QBK"+DTGC!)$(0PX $(MN $ 5/K@$+>+J#4>XP!#C[*E\J(D4
M!YQ@ QCPPC< X((& , /A] #,E9!!1G_ $ 1)ZA&-%X1B&;<Z 6QDH,K   .
M883C&@H8@3BR"(!4@,.;4V"#&40!@'%T4&1F ( %&-"(6@  &G1CK6O%480B
M^ $ T4!$.)!@+B1,B!Q.P$0)0'"-$0!@ :YP1C12)UKOD!8IHA"##/9 .AMX
MB1$SHL$0XN >-/Q!&63@Q<K@L+1AW)9,OM !&93QB@(P@KG0B-9 3#$$,I#B
MP@(9A@0 ( !N-*$( '@!- 1B8&R1D1$ .$4M:B$,%?P3EB&@G"A.X()1 " 0
M%" #&3+17__^M,E0ULM_HTSENDRYREB&RY6SS.6U;+G+8';*"^HPAG)8<0A7
MJ(-W!;*-.UA _\(%^7*8Y_R1 -CYSG86R0UHD(<#BN )P8A&BTHVA2#$P0[S
MJ^"3Z<QHCT@C%Y".-*2/,)(I'+ 5YJC=0)(PA$XX@1B#5G2C1^T1-'CBU.>0
MAJJE(460?&*RK>.$*@IA \J! ,< 4(9E">(,E9'ZUQUAA1$*,(L"L$XDKQ[(
M 5@ A"$ [-8"D<&N+T"'0X##&,!^2RL2#9M3_&(+D$ '*$@IDBFTM"#I6$8I
MAQ  (ZQA!P(Y!26HT05F97LM%Y#",)@IFP8TX18&;@(=0K(+ E#"%01X!0 2
M0(!J4"$& #"%!=APAD:T+:FL8$4)[ZV61%" $M!P:FS8(#" 60$Y(/]I0P?J
M (L.E*T$'5C#*G (B#%PPQ,&J<:B.3X69_R@$;:Y1@,( ($X*(/2.)$SS[LR
M &6,(S>)P, M:"!RFRA]Z5EQAAWVVN2K8]TJHYA 1'5C"E*DX!G+RXG7ORX5
M35BB$1#738L9@0(-I"#M-UD[VY^B"'50(5^Z^0,Q6-<*5&Q"[3O?.U5685PU
M\J88(5AQ%>8 Y[PG7O%260?>>4.#:32#%I#8 C5*$3FK7Q[S3'&\<$(AA$Q(
M Q="\-RQ:Z)WU!-E&V,'3B@PD0@'^-[W.JF][8%R UG<H?3 *<8X$D"-YC<?
MZ98??E/648I%@"XX 7!JQN.:]--+/RC2R +_!.A0=>'L N<"T0)"3?]]I*0!
M%.9P@'R4X(:!0 OQ[2_*#?I@"0C(7SY]( .4XP"4 %C=EW]#,0*(@ [D-A_2
M, =48 =N, [<1GO>AX VX02/L 1Q 'T]@@NK\ CI0&'XAX$]T0N&$ 99PW'"
M9X(LP0M$, IBTRZ)L =CH&1D@'[1YX(ZT0N[YBYF  O'$ 5$2#D'R(/W=@R!
MTQ,MB(0CH0"!($*.(P7"4 ,%<(6SQWY."!/"-@2<$%J. P-^P [8Y($6N(4O
MT0J60 YML M92#0\DWTKL +,=89HN!(*L Z/\ 6 TCQ.( !&L V"*(@*=X1W
MB!(D$ ?ML !2R#Q _\  :; &'3")'>!#.WB()@$#.N "W"$]TL!33'B!F+@1
M<C !/U ]2@ !/M&$HR@1;. &<4<]DE !G,,3K-B*#@$-EN ^UU,%Y, )4Q",
M[E""N-@12O !VH(]AY -HP -SG@CAEB,&L$ <:!Z)GB+TH@0U] UV4, :Q +
M>,!]T9B-468*Q! !98 ,P[(3V)B-"M  +=,]T8 _<^ >["B*Y'@0@- %3?!_
MW&,&@U $TN!B=$ 'K6:'^?@0A/ .8U"(W:,%MC (@P /\""19D@3[3B*Z_ -
M)7  ;\@]G7 !%S"'(EF'&(F/";D#J% 'UHB)&8F&\0 &)9 DQ?B23B@+)?\P
M!@^3C3;I@B, #D30@./C *XE >MHBRC9BI?@!U]0-N93#/+02( 4B@E9$+S
M",GP##%D/KTP!R6@"D_P &+Y )6GA54I$!B@!I/P10Y0#1 P"'B !QC0!Q=W
MB6>)"VG24P? 9%1YEE16!:D #%0 ;\0X$@&@!]<A$"3  J&P1KU0 .4' #Z
M"4@E.D8H$+Y F0(1 '# C6CSD8ZC $X@!CO99)M #,%@"@. ##IHEB*Q E*
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M!""  !^PE2S-/&,M$GJ #1J '@J!!]CP?1M@"="@--)6O"V=T"5Q"F>P#)K
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M#DN($1A0"%B@ -S0WQ&A [C=?H$@"A;0 >$0M1;A"YDP"RR0"4&D!P[@F0I
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M0PKT_N):0S 0MYB .+3TD5=T_# ?)TG(-1*/=,+=4REI@3Q:X@I8E#TA0;#
M-D.[.P5X80+R&#QXZ$!+G,#@ZA]!M^,[)80-D$$<;&"#$HHA<(&8H1+<)N3F
M7]?_"&3XXQB(YD@/.+B9].*$E<MRI>H]=0HB8Z0:]^"$#)9A!3I71>5>&\*O
M0K\13<A@'&;6#.)'HOB,0%/YI.I$-<@0J$B<)R$WB$84VC!_E M4]Y!+F!J
MOQ$\6"(<->*,8!B#G, 4=^*4\_.4%XB%,MB$!H0VBIB$"C@]Z[N_MZD%3IB
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M8#_WTT>?R89\F  HV(@ N ,RP(84 X\]PXD@:+R/^#.O[)$7@ 4&=,"\\9<
MR(9_F ##RPA6^(EHT)"6!(F7I(B1PTL368!O48VE])-P:(8,,!N?0P@2T ,Q
M*(-:&1!-D,R;2 62"0EC>\P=T09OT 0ES 0F-$F/:0/!K(138$6$\($04 53
MY!!R4YW_^O.(U$M-#<$$(@ 1$;$*!]"&(S"<1."%0\ PA*!,-&D#?IB -ZC"
MB4 ##FB";-!*#0F'$\B)!W"DC]"!51A.$\$ 91 "$G#/V]P)3K &6F "@5"
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MABGP=RXHZ^C>C#V05.# KW]&%%=X! #P 6LXA_]0\ 2!J(8#!0 4X&U%R!@
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M6!"*&RB$$9B%<(B&+("&-O@&"H@'INH#A\$)6C@OCX@&R3\(%2A\/4@%50H
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M<$$'R) .7?U2)C>PQ01H 0?\-(&:Y*O<3V(!@Y <0W[F?*=HP* ,KTFA$#L
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M")]D[4-"_\&("="#'Z#@Q5\R+*';QB2W'*&:BD7J  :48 !:6!*( 1"(6DS
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M0OBR+P0SX!%\5 ##^,Y_/O1C?P\E;KY/FWB $5K!A&M#! P2?Z<1./%A:K9
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M)2$ #82#!C0" !B!0T*D1"Z1'M  $= "#70'#3!!#A!!Z#G!1D8D%5U -VS
M--" %@# (=! #;0?64"!*T !$[C50DK&")R ,<BA)9$"+(P!G0! 4 XE"L*"
M,E@!+!1) &"!,E1"# HE4;I0*Z1"'8P!++ ! !B 4S*"ML%!',A [ORD6JXE
M6[:E6[XE7,:E7,XE7=:E7=XE7N:E7NXE7_:E7_XE8 :F8 XF81:F81XF8B:F
M8BXF8S:F8SXF9$8F1'3#> !%*)3!^('$+-S_4$A<9F9&A!Z @2_-!B$ 6I^@
M01OPP*C)Q $XPVAVA *4@0A<1"A40P(J2#Q4@60NR!&<B4.40<IQ1&\Z!#*
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M!&B"PLT"(CA &2@#!6C 9PI!!3"!"@  -DQ#/]E5-U;!(XP"!+2!K5" .T"
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M-)0"69P(  P!]4#$!LL =<C F>0"+NC!-0( "K!B+\2 ,0"#&A0 +L"P0YR
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/)Z&,4LHIJ:S2RA,# @ [

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>image_002.gif
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
begin 644 image_002.gif
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M'3(1@DL$HQ@  H 9!LI*AR!D$Y<PQA;D"=*:=L@A KC",02!C&0H@Q56V,%
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MX2D;*<8I.E$(HQ&L2 3P!6 'P@.O"N0-R!3( $)QWFP5U[Z8)(0S=I$-9$@
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M"3/;LN30!O: >LNP >30LDK[M3\[!M^@"^@0 4, MDAK 38@ 20H;4B1 %7
M#XXI$&-  F=@!Z\@!7I =^+&#4Q6 9>S!%*0" S  $&P#X90N(J[N(S;N([[
MN) ;N9([N91;N99[N9B;N9J[N9S;N9[[N9KK A(@ UYY1>&P"4:  (N+ -U
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M$760#]D03?&@FPK=,XOG!U'@ _O0V:K,S+'B"U=0!I^@"ZO@"'&08@*1 ?W
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M"-P U5_ #)-@ND1-6I 0!H$0 ^<\$N0^%RVA!H*0"!U 3:ZP"K8PMP(3X?K
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MA6UL462>'R0"  ;( 2$(8@ Y0(,$,!" (FS "#Z4(P+R"$ ;\""&/)S!")H
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MCP!^0(>A.20(PJ '?IRQ#'<@@@>,6 (6Q((%NUXWVFT_B!W^P0)1#Z3O#7E
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M/)B 'LB= 3""&# #,^B&??B ,2"''152,U@ ?F!/=."'.!A2,PC2'(B>!4
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M3,$$4^R%0X#?_,U?\_6 ,N&\59PG_17@\=7> V !F@"&+'@"<AO@!D9>[04
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MW$$&F4B@$VC KSN$@E<@*H8B@J )&Q $#/2@#T;2D((4C9  =8@ ]7! 'G(
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M0A,6P<@B_, ,49S!'(&X0Q1:4 PB8 P+#FC#N0*0 AGPH&0*J8,A>  -$X"
M#'LP010"_Y &.#B!$,V5@ @$4RXR[ LC!D##$#C 6R4(80]YR( :6H Q'#A
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M$(#  )"# ^Q#(M#!"U1-&^#!-H@!-,@!' S"-GB:JC #'JC!'FQ#&[P !JP
M?1R!.=B&.<A "92 $FA!!3A % Q!2,T)(R0 $A2 #92 &&S""$A#TR";#(#!
M/D"#-/0!&%  3I@C'7P '4!"&FQ "-C!/W++?P$ $?#!-T3B'(1  U E1^"
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$0   .P$!

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Submission<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 17, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_SubmissionLineItems', window );"><strong>Submission [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000019617<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">JPMORGAN CHASE & CO<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_RegnFileNb', window );">Registration File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">333-270004<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FormTp', window );">Form Type</a></td>
<td class="text">S-3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_SubmissnTp', window );">Submission Type</a></td>
<td class="text">424B2<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeExhibitTp', window );">Fee Exhibit Type</a></td>
<td class="text">EX-FILING FEES<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeeExhibitTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeeExhibitTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:feeExhibitTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FormTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FormTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_RegnFileNb">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_RegnFileNb</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_SubmissionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_SubmissionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_SubmissnTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_SubmissnTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fees Summary<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 17, 2025 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems', window );"><strong>Fees Summary [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_NrrtvDsclsr', window );">Narrative Disclosure</a></td>
<td class="text">    <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric', window );">Narrative - Max Aggregate Offering Price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,957,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg', window );">Final Prospectus</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_NrrtvDsclsr">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_NrrtvDsclsr</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
.report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

.report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

.report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

.report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
.pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
.report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

.report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
.report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

.report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

.report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

.report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

.report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

.report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
.report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
.report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
.report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

.report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
.report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

.report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

.report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
.report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
.report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

.report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

.report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
.report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

.report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

.report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

.report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

.report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

.report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.25.3</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>1</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>9</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>false</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>0</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>3</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995210 - Document - Submission</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable</Role>
      <ShortName>Submission</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R2.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995215 - Document - Fees Summary</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable</Role>
      <ShortName>Fees Summary</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>2</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File doctype="EX-FILING FEES" original="ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm">ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="3">http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024</BaseTaxonomy>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="8">http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>false</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>false</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "version": "2.2",
 "instance": {
  "ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm": {
   "dts": {
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm"
     ]
    },
    "schema": {
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/arcrole/deprecated-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2/ffd-2024q2.xsd"
     ]
    }
   },
   "keyStandard": 9,
   "keyCustom": 0,
   "axisStandard": 0,
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 0,
   "memberCustom": 0,
   "hidden": {
    "total": 6,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2": 4,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024": 2
   },
   "contextCount": 1,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "segmentCount": 0,
   "elementCount": 107,
   "unitCount": 3,
   "baseTaxonomies": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2": 8,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024": 3
   },
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "role": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable",
     "longName": "995210 - Document - Submission",
     "shortName": "Submission",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "groupType": "Fee_Exhibit",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "1",
     "firstAnchor": null,
     "uniqueAnchor": null
    },
    "R2": {
     "role": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable",
     "longName": "995215 - Document - Fees Summary",
     "shortName": "Fees Summary",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "Fee_Exhibit",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "2",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "rc",
      "name": "ffd:NrrtvDsclsr",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "div",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "tbody",
       "table",
       "div",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "rc",
      "name": "ffd:NrrtvDsclsr",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "div",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "tbody",
       "table",
       "div",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "ea027027001_ex-filingfees.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    }
   },
   "tag": {
    "ffd_AggtRedRpPricFsclYr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "AggtRedRpPricFsclYr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased Price, Fiscal Year",
        "terseLabel": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased, FY"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AggtRedRpPricPrrFsclYr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "AggtRedRpPricPrrFsclYr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased Price, Prior Fiscal Year",
        "terseLabel": "Aggregate Redeemed or Repurchased, Prior FY"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AggtSalesPricFsclYr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "AggtSalesPricFsclYr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Sales Price, Fiscal Year",
        "terseLabel": "Aggregate Sales Price"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AmtRedCdts": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "AmtRedCdts",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amount of Redemption Credits",
        "terseLabel": "Redemption Credits"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AmtSctiesRcvd": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "AmtSctiesRcvd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amount of Securities Received",
        "terseLabel": "Amount of Securities Received",
        "documentation": "Amount of securities to be received by the registrant (or cancelled upon issuance of securities to be registered on the form)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_AmtSctiesRegd": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "AmtSctiesRegd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amount of Securities Registered",
        "terseLabel": "Amount Registered",
        "documentation": "The amount of securities being registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CeasedOprsDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CeasedOprsDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Ceased Operations Date",
        "terseLabel": "Ceased Operations Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_CfwdFormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "formTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CfwdFormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Carry Forward Form Type",
        "documentation": "The Form Type of the prior shelf registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6). This should be an EDGAR submission type (S-3, S-3/A, S-3ASR, etc.), which means there is a fixed set of possible responses. Note that while the XBRL response should be an EDGAR submission type, the human-readable Ex. 107 could include a simpler label (e.g., \"Form S-3\" in the human-readable and \"S-3ASR\" in the XBRL)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CfwdPrevslyPdFee": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CfwdPrevslyPdFee",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward Previously Paid Fee",
        "terseLabel": "Filing Fee Previously Paid in Connection with Unsold Securities to be Carried Forward",
        "documentation": "The fee previously paid in connection with the securities being brought forward from the prior shelf registration statement on which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CfwdPrrFctvDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CfwdPrrFctvDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward Prior Effective Date",
        "terseLabel": "Carry Forward Initial Effective Date",
        "documentation": "The initial effective date of the prior shelf registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CfwdPrrFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CfwdPrrFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Carry Forward File Number",
        "terseLabel": "Carry Forward File Number",
        "documentation": "The EDGAR File Number of the prior shelf registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under 415(a)(6). If the prior registration statement has a Securities Act File Number and an Investment Company Act File Number, the Securities Act File Number should be used."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CmbndPrspctsItemAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CmbndPrspctsItemAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus Item [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus",
        "documentation": "A sequence number (1, 2, 3...) used to distinguish different references to earlier prospectuses on a single fee bearing submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CmbndPrspctsLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CmbndPrspctsLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CmbndPrspctsTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CmbndPrspctsTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus [Table]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus Table"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CombinedProspectusTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CombinedProspectusTableNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Combined Prospectus Table [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus Table N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_CshPdByRegistrantInTx": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CshPdByRegistrantInTx",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash Paid by Registrant in Transaction",
        "terseLabel": "Cash Consideration Paid",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash consideration paid by registrant in connection with the exchange or other transaction being registered (in a 457(f) calculation)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_CshRcvdByRegistrantInTx": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "CshRcvdByRegistrantInTx",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash Received by Registrant in Transaction",
        "terseLabel": "Cash Consideration Received",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash consideration received by registrant in connection with the exchange or other transaction being registered (in a 457(f) calculation)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key",
        "terseLabel": "Central Index Key",
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name",
        "terseLabel": "Registrant Name",
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Amount of Registration Fee",
        "documentation": "Total amount of registration fee (amount due after offsets)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeExhibitTp": {
     "xbrltype": "feeExhibitTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeeExhibitTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Exhibit Type",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Exhibit Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_FeeIntrstAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeeIntrstAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Interest Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Interest Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeeNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Note",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeNoteMaxAggtOfferingPric": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeeNoteMaxAggtOfferingPric",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Note Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Note MAOP"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeeRate": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeeRate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Rate",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Rate",
        "documentation": "The rate per dollar of fees that public companies and other issuers pay to register their securities with the Commission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeesOthrRuleFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeesOthrRuleFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fees, Other Rule [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Other Rule",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using a rule other than 457(a), 457(o), or 457(f) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FeesSummaryLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fees Summary [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Fees Summary:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FnlPrspctsFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FnlPrspctsFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Final Prospectus [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Final Prospectus"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_FormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "FormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Form Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_GnlInstrIIhiFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "GnlInstrIIhiFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "General Instruction II.H,I [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "General Instruction II.H,I"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrCity": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrCity",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, City",
        "terseLabel": "City"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrStatOrCtryCd": {
     "xbrltype": "stateOrCountryCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrStatOrCtryCd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, State or Country Code",
        "terseLabel": "State or Country Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrStrt1": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrStrt1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, Street 1",
        "terseLabel": "Street 1"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrStrt2": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrStrt2",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, Street 2",
        "terseLabel": "Street 2"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrBizAdrZipCd": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "IssrBizAdrZipCd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Business Address, Zip Code",
        "terseLabel": "Zip Code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_IssrNm": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "IssrNm",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuer Name",
        "terseLabel": "Issuer Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_MaxAggtOfferingPric": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "MaxAggtOfferingPric",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "terseLabel": "Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "documentation": "The maximum aggregate offering price for the offering that is being registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_MaxOfferingPricPerScty": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal4lItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "MaxOfferingPricPerScty",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Maximum Offering Price per Security",
        "terseLabel": "Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Unit",
        "documentation": "The maximum offering price per share/unit being registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NetFeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "NetFeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Net Fee"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NetSalesAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "NetSalesAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net Sales Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Net Sales"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NrrtvDsclsr": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "NrrtvDsclsr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Narrative Disclosure",
        "terseLabel": "Narrative Disclosure"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "NrrtvMaxAggtAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Narrative Disclosure, Maximum Aggregate Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Narrative - Max Aggregate Offering Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Narrative Disclosure, Maximum Aggregate Offering Price",
        "terseLabel": "Narrative - Max Aggregate Offering Price"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OfferingAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering",
        "documentation": "A sequence number (1, 2, 3...) used to distinguish different security offerings on a single fee bearing submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OfferingLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OfferingLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OfferingNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OfferingNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Note",
        "terseLabel": "Offering Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingSctyTitl": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OfferingSctyTitl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Security Title",
        "terseLabel": "Security Class Title",
        "documentation": "The title of the class of securities being registered (for each class being registered)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingSctyTp": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OfferingSctyTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Security Type",
        "terseLabel": "Security Type",
        "documentation": "Type of securities: \"Asset-backed Securities\", \"ADRs/ADSs\", \"Debt\", \"Debt Convertible into Equity\", \"Equity\", \"Face Amount Certificates\", \"Limited Partnership Interests\", \"Mortgage Backed Securities\", \"Non-Convertible Debt\", \"Unallocated (Universal) Shelf\", \"Exchange Traded Vehicle Securities\", \"Other\""
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OfferingTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OfferingTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering [Table]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OfferingTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OfferingTableNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offering Table [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Offering Table N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_OffsetAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Offset",
        "documentation": "A sequence number (1, 2, 3...) used to distinguish different offsets as applied to a fee bearing submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetClmInitlFilgDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetClmInitlFilgDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Claim Initial Filing Date",
        "terseLabel": "Initial Filing Date",
        "documentation": "The initial filing date of the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid for a claimed offset. If the offset fee was paid with an amendment, do not provide the amendment date under this element; instead, provide the date of the initial filing (i.e. the \"parent\" filing) ."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetClmdAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetClmdAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Claimed Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The amount of offsetting fees being claimed."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetClmdInd": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetClmdInd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Claimed Indicator",
        "terseLabel": "Offset Claimed"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetExpltnForClmdAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetExpltnForClmdAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Explanation for Claimed Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Explanation for Claimed Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "terseLabel": "Offset:",
        "label": "Offset [Line Items]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Note",
        "terseLabel": "Offset Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Paid with Fee Offset Source",
        "documentation": "The fee prevoiusly paid from which an offset is being derived."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior File Number",
        "terseLabel": "File Number",
        "documentation": "The EDGAR File Number of the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid. If the offset filing for the offset has a Securities Act File Number and an Investment Company Act File Number, the Securities Act File Number should be used."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFilerNm": {
     "xbrltype": "filerNameItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFilerNm",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Filer Name",
        "terseLabel": "Registrant or Filer Name",
        "documentation": "The name of the registrant that filed the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrFormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "formTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrFormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Form or Filing Type",
        "documentation": "The Form Type of the offset filing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrNbOfUnsoldScties": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeIntegerItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrNbOfUnsoldScties",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Unsold Number of Securities",
        "terseLabel": "Unsold Securities Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The number of unsold securities registered on the prior registration statement that are associated with the claimed offset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrSctyTitl": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrSctyTitl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Security Title",
        "terseLabel": "Security Title Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The title of the class of securities from which offset fees were derived."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrSctyTp": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrSctyTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Security Type",
        "terseLabel": "Security Type Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "Type of securities: \"Asset-backed Securities\", \"ADRs/ADSs\", \"Debt\", \"Debt Convertible into Equity\", \"Equity\", \"Face Amount Certificates\", \"Limited Partnership Interests\", \"Mortgage Backed Securities\", \"Non-Convertible Debt\", \"Unallocated (Universal) Shelf\", \"Exchange Traded Vehicle Securities\", \"Other\""
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetPrrUnsoldOfferingAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetPrrUnsoldOfferingAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Prior Unsold Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Unsold Aggregate Offering Amount Associated with Fee Offset Claimed",
        "documentation": "The aggregate offering amount of unsold securities registered on the prior registration statement that are associated with the claimed offset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetSrcFilgDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetSrcFilgDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Source Filing Date",
        "terseLabel": "Filing Date",
        "documentation": "The filing date of the earlier registration statement with which the earlier (offsetting) fee was paid in an offset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "terseLabel": "Offset Payment:",
        "label": "Offset [Table]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_OffsetTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "OffsetTableNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Offset Table [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Offset Table N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_PrevslyPdFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "PrevslyPdFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fee Previously Paid [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Fee Previously Paid"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_RegnFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "RegnFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Registration File Number",
        "terseLabel": "Registration File Number"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_RptgFsclYrEndDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "RptgFsclYrEndDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Reporting Fiscal Year End Date",
        "terseLabel": "Reporting FY End Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_Rule011Flg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule011Flg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 0-11 [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 0-11"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_Rule011a2OffsetFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule011a2OffsetFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "terseLabel": "Rule 0-11(a)(2) Offset",
        "label": "Rule 0-11(a)(2) Offset [Flag]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_Rule415a6Flg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule415a6Flg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 415(a)(6) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 415(a)(6)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is claiming a 415(a)(6) carryforward."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429AggtOfferingAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429AggtOfferingAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Aggregate Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Maximum Aggregate Offering Price of Securities Previously Registered",
        "documentation": "The maximum aggregate offering amount of unsold securities registered on the prior registration statement that are carried forward under Rule 429. Only applicable if 457(o) was used in the fee calculation for the prior registration statement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429CmbndPrspctsFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429CmbndPrspctsFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Combined Prospectus [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 429",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using a combined prospectus under Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429EarlierFileNb": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429EarlierFileNb",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Earlier File Number",
        "terseLabel": "File Number",
        "documentation": "The Securities Act File Number of the earlier effective registration statement(s) from which securities may be offered and sold using the combined prospectus pursuant to Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429EarlierFormTp": {
     "xbrltype": "formTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429EarlierFormTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Earlier Form Type",
        "terseLabel": "Form Type",
        "documentation": "The Form Type of the earlier registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under Rule 429. This should be an EDGAR submission type (S-3, S-3/A, S-3ASR, etc.), which means there is a fixed set of possible responses. Note that while the XBRL response should be an EDGAR submission type, the human-readable Ex. 107 could include a simpler label (e.g., \"Form S-3\" in the human-readable and \"S-3ASR\" in the XBRL)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429InitlFctvDt": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429InitlFctvDt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Initial Effective Date",
        "terseLabel": "Initial Effective Date",
        "documentation": "The filing date of the earlier registration statement from which unsold securities are carried forward under Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429NbOfUnsoldScties": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429NbOfUnsoldScties",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Number Of Unsold Securities",
        "terseLabel": "Amount of Securities Previously Registered",
        "documentation": "The number of securities registered on the prior registration statement that are carried forward under Rule 429."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429PrspctsNote": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429PrspctsNote",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Prospectus Note",
        "terseLabel": "Combined Prospectus Note"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429SctyTitl": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429SctyTitl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Security Title",
        "terseLabel": "Security Class Title"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule429SctyTp": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule429SctyTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesByCmbndPrspctsTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 429 Security Type",
        "terseLabel": "Security Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457aFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457aFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(a) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(a)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(a) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457bOffsetFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457bOffsetFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(b) Offset [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(b) Offset",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is claiming an offset under Rule 457(b) or 0-11(a)(2)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457fFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457fFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(f) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(f)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(f) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457oFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457oFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(o) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(o)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(o) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457pOffsetFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457pOffsetFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(p) Offset [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(p) Offset",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is claiming an offset under Rule 457(p)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457rFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457rFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(r) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(r)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r9"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457sFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457sFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(s) Flag",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(s)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Rule457uFlg": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Rule457uFlg",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 457(u) [Flag]",
        "terseLabel": "Rule 457(u)",
        "documentation": "Checkbox indicating whether filer is using Rule 457(u) to calculate the registration fee due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Scties424iAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Scties424iAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities, 424I [Axis]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities, 424I"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Scties424iLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Scties424iLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities, 424I [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities, 424I:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Scties424iTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Scties424iTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/securities424iTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities, 424I [Table]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities, 424I Table"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_Securities424iTableNa": {
     "xbrltype": "naItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "Securities424iNa",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Securities 424I [N/A]",
        "terseLabel": "Securities 424I N/A"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_SubmissionLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "SubmissionLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Submission [Line Items]",
        "terseLabel": "Items"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_SubmissnTp": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "SubmissnTp",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/submissionTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Submission Type",
        "terseLabel": "Submission Type"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_TermntnCmpltnWdrwl": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TermntnCmpltnWdrwl",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOffsetTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Termination / Completion / Withdrawal Statement",
        "terseLabel": "Termination / Withdrawal Statement"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_TtlFeeAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TtlFeeAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Fee Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Fee Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlFeeAndIntrstAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TtlFeeAndIntrstAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Fee and Interest Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Fee and Interest Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlOfferingAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TtlOfferingAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Offering Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Offering"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlOffsetAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TtlOffsetAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Offset Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Total Offset Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlPrevslyPdAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative1TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TtlPrevslyPdAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Previously Paid Amount",
        "terseLabel": "Previously Paid Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TtlTxValtn": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TtlTxValtn",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesSummaryTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Transaction Valuation",
        "terseLabel": "Total Transaction Valuation"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_TxValtn": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "TxValtn",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Transaction Valuation",
        "terseLabel": "Transaction Valuation"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ffd_ValSctiesRcvd": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegative100TMonetary2ItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "ValSctiesRcvd",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Value of Securities Received",
        "terseLabel": "Value of Securities Received",
        "documentation": "Value of securities to be received by the registrant (or cancelled upon issuance of securities to be registered on the form)"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "ffd_ValSctiesRcvdPerShr": {
     "xbrltype": "nonNegativeDecimal4lItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2",
     "localname": "ValSctiesRcvdPerShr",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/role/document/feesOfferingTable"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Value of Securities Received, Per Share",
        "terseLabel": "Value of Securities Received, Per Share",
        "documentation": "Value per share of securities to be received by the registrant (or cancelled upon issuance of securities to be registered on the form). This is included in the explanation of 457(f) fee calculation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    }
   }
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2"
  },
  "r1": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230"
  },
  "r2": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "415",
   "Subsection": "a"
  },
  "r3": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "429"
  },
  "r4": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457"
  },
  "r5": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "b"
  },
  "r6": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r7": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "o"
  },
  "r8": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "p"
  },
  "r9": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "r"
  },
  "r10": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "s"
  },
  "r11": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "457",
   "Subsection": "u"
  },
  "r12": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Subsection": "f",
   "Section": "457"
  }
 }
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>0001213900-25-123300-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0001213900-25-123300-xbrl.zip
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@;F=F965S+FAT;5!+!08      0 ! $L   !?!0     !

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>16
<FILENAME>ea027027001_ex-filingfees_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024"
  xmlns:ffd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2"
  xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef
      xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ffd/2024q2/ffd-2024q2.xsd"
      xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="rc">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000019617</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2025-12-17</startDate>
            <endDate>2025-12-17</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <unit id="USD">
        <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="pure">
        <measure>pure</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Shares">
        <measure>shares</measure>
    </unit>
    <ffd:FormTp contextRef="rc" id="ixv-36">S-3</ffd:FormTp>
    <ffd:SubmissnTp contextRef="rc" id="ixv-37">424B2</ffd:SubmissnTp>
    <ffd:FeeExhibitTp contextRef="rc" id="ixv-38">EX-FILING FEES</ffd:FeeExhibitTp>
    <ffd:RegnFileNb contextRef="rc" id="ixv-39">333-270004</ffd:RegnFileNb>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey contextRef="rc" id="ixv-40">0000019617</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="rc" id="ixv-41">JPMORGAN CHASE &amp; CO</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <ffd:FormTp contextRef="rc" id="ixv-57">S-3</ffd:FormTp>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="rc" id="ixv-58">JPMORGAN CHASE &amp; CO</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <ffd:NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric contextRef="rc" decimals="INF" id="ixv-59" unitRef="USD">4957000</ffd:NrrtvMaxAggtOfferingPric>
    <ffd:FnlPrspctsFlg contextRef="rc" id="ixv-60">true</ffd:FnlPrspctsFlg>
    <ffd:NrrtvDsclsr contextRef="rc" id="ixv-61">    </ffd:NrrtvDsclsr>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
