424B2 1 ea0270349-01_424b2.htm PRELIMINARY PRICING SUPPLEMENT
The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not
an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion dated December 19, 2025
December , 202 5 Registration Statement Nos. 333-270004 and 333-270004-01; Rule 424(b)(2)
Pricing supplement to product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023, the prospectus and prospectus supplement, each dated April 13, 2023,
and the prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024
JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC
Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of
the American Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor
Manufacturing Company Limited and the Common Stock of
Microsoft Corporation due December 28, 2028
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co.
• The notes are designed for investors who seek a higher interest rate than the yield on a conventional debt security with
the same maturity issued by us. The notes will pay at least 10.00% per annum interest over the term of the notes,
assuming no automatic call, payable at a rate of at least 0.83333% per month.
• The notes will be automatically called if the closing price of one share of each Reference Stock on any Review Date
(other than the final Review Date) is greater than or equal to its Initial Value.
• The earliest date on which an automatic call may be initiated is December 22, 2027.
• Investors should be willing to accept the risk of losing a significant portion or all of their principal and be willing to forgo
dividend payments, in exchange for Interest Payments.
• The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, which we refer to
as JPMorgan Financial, the payment on which is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. Any
payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Financial, as issuer of the notes, and the credit
risk of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as guarantor of the notes.
• Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Reference Stocks. Payments on the notes are linked
to the performance of each of the Reference Stocks individually, as described below.
• Minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof
• The notes are expected to price on or about December 22, 2025 and are expected to settle on or about December 26,
2025.
• CUSIP: 48136MNM5
Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying
prospectus supplement, Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-11
of the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Considerations” beginning on page PS-5 of this pricing
supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved
of the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement,
prospectus supplement, prospectus and prospectus addendum. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Price to Public (1)
Fees and Commissions (2)
Proceeds to Issuer
Per note
$1,000
$
$
Total
$
$
$
(1) See “Supplemental Use of Proceeds” in this pricing supplement for information about the components of the price to public of the
notes.
(2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling
commissions it receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers. In no event will these selling commissions exceed $10.00 per
$1,000 principal amount note. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.
If the notes priced today, the estimated value of the notes would be approximately $970.00 per $1,000 principal amount
note. The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the pricing supplement
and will not be less than $950.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this
pricing supplement for additional information.
The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency
and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.
PS-1 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
Key Terms
Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct,
wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Guarantor: JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Reference Stocks: As specified under “Key Terms Relating to
the Reference Stocks” in this pricing supplement
Interest Payments: If the notes have not been automatically
called, you will receive on each Interest Payment Date for each
$1,000 principal amount note an Interest Payment equal to at
least $8.3333 (equivalent to an Interest Rate of at least 10.00%
per annum, payable at a rate of at least 0.83333% per month)
(to be provided in the pricing supplement).
Interest Rate: At least 10.00% per annum, payable at a rate of
at least 0.83333% per month (to be provided in the pricing
supplement)
Trigger Value: With respect to each Reference Stock, 60.00%
of its Initial Value, as specified under “Key Terms Relating to
the Reference Stocks” in this pricing supplement
Pricing Date: On or about December 22, 2025
Original Issue Date (Settlement Date): On or about December
26, 2025
Review Dates*: December 22, 2027, January 24, 2028,
February 22, 2028, March 22, 2028, April 24, 2028, May 22,
2028, June 22, 2028, July 24, 2028, August 22, 2028,
September 22, 2028, October 23, 2028, November 22, 2028
and December 22, 2028 (final Review Date)
Interest Payment Dates*: January 27, 2026, February 26,
2026, March 26, 2026, April 27, 2026, May 28, 2026, June 25,
2026, July 27, 2026, August 27, 2026, September 25, 2026,
October 27, 2026, November 27, 2026, December 28, 2026,
January 27, 2027, February 25, 2027, March 25, 2027, April 27,
2027, May 27, 2027, June 25, 2027, July 27, 2027, August 26,
2027, September 27, 2027, October 27, 2027, November 26,
2027, December 28, 2027, January 27, 2028, February 25,
2028, March 27, 2028, April 27, 2028, May 25, 2028, June 27,
2028, July 27, 2028, August 25, 2028, September 27, 2028,
October 26, 2028, November 28, 2028 and the Maturity Date
Maturity Date*: December 28, 2028
Call Settlement Date*: If the notes are automatically called on
any Review Date (other than the final Review Date), the first
Interest Payment Date immediately following that Review Date
* Subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event
and as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement
of a Determination Date — Notes Linked to Multiple Underlyings”
and “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Payment Date”
in the accompanying product supplement
Automatic Call:
If the closing price of one share of each Reference Stock on
any Review Date (other than the final Review Date) is greater
than or equal to its Initial Value, the notes will be automatically
called for a cash payment, for each $1,000 principal amount
note, equal to (a) $1,000 plus (b) the Interest Payment for the
Interest Payment Date occurring on the applicable Call
Settlement Date, payable on that Call Settlement Date. No
further payments will be made on the notes.
Payment at Maturity:
If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final
Value of each Reference Stock is greater than or equal to its
Trigger Value, you will receive a cash payment at maturity, for
each $1,000 principal amount note, equal to (a) $1,000 plus (b)
the Interest Payment applicable to the Maturity Date.
If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final
Value of either Reference Stock is less than its Trigger Value,
your payment at maturity per $1,000 principal amount note, in
addition to the Interest Payment applicable to the Maturity Date,
will be calculated as follows:
$1,000 + ($1,000 × Lesser Performing Stock Return)
If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final
Value of either Reference Stock is less than its Trigger Value,
you will lose more than 40.00% of your principal amount at
maturity and could lose all of your principal amount at maturity.
Lesser Performing Reference Stock: The Reference Stock
with the Lesser Performing Stock Return
Lesser Performing Stock Return: The lower of the Stock
Returns of the Reference Stocks
Stock Return:
With respect to each Reference Stock,
(Final Value – Initial Value)
Initial Value
Initial Value: With respect to each Reference Stock, the closing
price of one share of that Reference Stock on the Pricing Date,
as specified under “Key Terms Relating to the Reference
Stocks” in this pricing supplement
Final Value: With respect to each Reference Stock, t he closing
price of one share of that Reference Stock on the final Review
Date
Stock Adjustment Factor: With respect to each Reference
Stock, the Stock Adjustment Factor is referenced in determining
the closing price of one share of that Reference Stock and is set
equal to 1.0 on the Pricing Date. The Stock Adjustment Factor
of each Reference Stock is subject to adjustment upon the
occurrence of certain corporate events affecting that Reference
Stock. See “The Underlyings — Reference Stocks — Anti-
Dilution Adjustments” and “The Underlyings — Reference
Stocks — Reorganization Events” in the accompanying product
supplement for further information.
PS-2 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
Key Terms Relating to the Reference Stocks
Reference Stock
Bloomberg
Ticker Symbol
Initial Value
Trigger Value
American depositary shares (“ADSs”), each representing five common shares,
par value NT$10.00 per share, of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing
Company Limited
TSM
$
$
Common stock of Microsoft Corporation, par value $0.00000625 per share
MSFT
$
$
Supplemental Terms of the Notes
Any values of the Reference Stocks, and any values derived therefrom, included in this pricing supplement may be corrected, in the
event of manifest error or inconsistency, by amendment of this pricing supplement and the corresponding terms of the notes.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the indenture governing the notes, that amendment will become effective without consent of
the holders of the notes or any other party.
How the Notes Work
Payments in Connection with Review Dates Preceding the Final Review Date
The notes will be automatically called on the applicable Call Settlement Date and you will
receive (a) $1,000 plus (b) the Interest Payment for the Interest Payment Date occurring on
that Call Settlement Date.
Review Dates Preceding the Final Review Date
Automatic Call
The closing price of one
share of each Reference
Stock is greater than or
equal to its Initial Value.
The closing price of one
share of either
Reference Stock is less
than its Initial Value.
Initial
Value
Compare the closing price of one share of each Reference Stock to its Initial Value on each Review Date until the final Review
Date or any earlier automatic call.
No Automatic Call
The notes will not be automatically called. Proceed to the next Review Date.
PS-3 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
Payment at Maturity If the Notes Have Not Been Automatically Called
Total Interest Payments
The table below illustrates the hypothetical total Interest Payments per $1,000 principal amount note over the term of the notes based
on a hypothetical Interest Rate of 10.00% per annum, depending on how many Interest Payments are made prior to automatic call or
maturity. If the notes have not been automatically called, the hypothetical total Interest Payments per $1,000 principal amount note
over the term of the notes will be equal to the maximum amount shown in the table below. The actual Interest Rate will be provided in
the pricing supplement and will be at least 10.00% per annum (payable at a rate of at least 0.83333% per month).
Number of Interest
Payments
Total Interest Payments
36
$300.0000
35
$291.6667
34
$283.3333
33
$275.0000
32
$266.6667
31
$258.3333
30
$250.0000
29
$241.6667
28
$233.3333
27
$225.0000
26
$216.6667
25
$208.3333
24
$200.0000
Review Dates Preceding the
Final Review Date
You will receive (a) $1,000 plus (b) the
Interest Payment applicable to the
Maturity Date.
The notes are not
automatically called.
Proceed to maturity
Final Review Date Payment at Maturity
The Final Value of each Reference Stock is
greater than or equal to its Trigger Value.
You will receive, in addition to the
Interest Payment applicable to the
Maturity Date:
$1,000 + ($1,000 ×Lesser Performing
Stock Return)
Under these circumstances, you will
lose a significant portion or all of your
principal amount at maturity.
The Final Value of either Reference Stock is less
than its Trigger Value.
PS-4 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
Hypothetical Payout Examples
The following examples illustrate payments on the notes linked to two hypothetical Reference Stocks, assuming a range of
performances for the hypothetical Lesser Performing Reference Stock on the Review Dates. Solely for purposes of this section, the
Lesser Performing Reference Stock with respect to each Review Date is the lesser performing of the Reference Stocks
determined based on the closing price of one share of each Reference Stock on that Review Date compared with its Initial
Value.
The hypothetical payments set forth below assume the following:
• an Initial Value for each Reference Stock of $100.00;
• a Trigger Value for each Reference Stock of $60.00 (equal to 60.00% of its hypothetical Initial Value); and
• an Interest Rate of 10.00% per annum.
The hypothetical Initial Value of each Reference Stock of $100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and may not represent
a likely actual Initial Value of either Reference Stock. The actual Initial Value of each Reference Stock will be the closing price of one
share of that Reference Stock on the Pricing Date and will be provided in the pricing supplement. For historical data regarding the
actual closing prices of one share of each Reference Stock, please see the historical information set forth under “The Reference
Stocks” in this pricing supplement.
Each hypothetical payment set forth below is for illustrative purposes only and may not be the actual payment applicable to a purchaser
of the notes. The numbers appearing in the following examples have been rounded for ease of analysis.
Example 1 — Notes are automatically called on the first Review Date.
Date
Closing Price of One Share of
Lesser Performing Reference
Stock
First Review Date
$105.00
Notes are automatically called
Total Payment
$1,200.00 (20.00% return)
Because the closing price of one share of each Reference Stock on the first Review Date is greater than or equal to its Initial Value, the
notes will be automatically called for a cash payment, for each $1,000 principal amount note, of $1,008.3333 (or $1,000 plus the
Interest Payment applicable to the corresponding Interest Payment Date), payable on the applicable Call Settlement Date. When
added to the Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Interest Payment Dates, the total amount paid, for each $1,000
principal amount note, is $1,200.00. No further payments will be made on the notes.
Example 2 — Notes have NOT been automatically called and the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Reference Stock is
greater than or equal to its Trigger Value.
Date
Closing Price of One Share of
Lesser Performing Reference
Stock
First Review Date
$75.00
Notes NOT automatically called
Second Review Date
$85.00
Notes NOT automatically called
Third through Twelfth
Review Dates
Less than Initial Value
Notes NOT automatically called
Final Review Date
$90.00
Final Value of the Lesser Performing Reference Stock is greater
than or equal to its Trigger Value
Total Payment
$1,300.00 (30.00% return)
Because the notes have not been automatically called and the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Reference Stock is greater than or
equal to its Trigger Value, the payment at maturity, for each $1,000 principal amount note, will be $1,008.3333 (or $1,000 plus the
Interest Payment applicable to the Maturity Date). When added to the Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Interest
Payment Dates, the total amount paid, for each $1,000 principal amount note, is $1,300.00.
PS-5 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
Example 3 — Notes have NOT been automatically called and the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Reference Stock is less
than its Trigger Value.
Date
Closing Price of One Share of
Lesser Performing Reference
Stock
First Review Date
$40.00
Notes NOT automatically called
Second Review Date
$45.00
Notes NOT automatically called
Third through Twelfth
Review Dates
Less than Initial Value
Notes NOT automatically called
Final Review Date
$40.00
Final Value of the Lesser Performing Reference Stock is less
than its Trigger Value
Total Payment
$700.00 (-30.00% return)
Because the notes have not been automatically called, the Final Value of the Lesser Performing Reference Stock is less than its
Trigger Value and the Lesser Performing Stock Return is -60.00%, the payment at maturity will be $408.3333 per $1,000 principal
amount note, calculated as follows:
$1,000 + [$1,000 × (-60.00%)] + $8.3333 = $408.3333
When added to the Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Interest Payment Dates, the total amount paid, for each $1,000
principal amount note, is $700.00.
The hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term
or until automatically called. These hypotheticals do not reflect the fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the
secondary market. If these fees and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments shown above would
likely be lower.
Selected Risk Considerations
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the “Risk Factors” sections of the
accompanying prospectus supplement and product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum.
Risks Relating to the Notes Generally
• YOUR INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES MAY RESULT IN A LOSS —
The notes do not guarantee any return of principal. If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final Value of either
Reference Stock is less than its Trigger Value, you will lose 1% of the principal amount of your notes for every 1% that the Final
Value of the Lesser Performing Reference Stock is less than its Initial Value. Accordingly, under these circumstances, you will lose
more than 40.00% of your principal amount at maturity and could lose all of your principal amount at maturity.
• CREDIT RISKS OF JPMORGAN FINANCIAL AND JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. —
Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential
change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit
risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment
obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.
• AS A FINANCE SUBSIDIARY, JPMORGAN FINANCIAL HAS NO INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND HAS LIMITED ASSETS
—
As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of
our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase &
Co., substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. to make payments under loans made by us to
JPMorgan Chase & Co. or under other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan
Chase & Co. to meet our obligations under the notes. We are not a key operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and in a
bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in
respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. does not make payments to us and we are unable to make
payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that
guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. For more
information, see the accompanying prospectus addendum.
PS-6 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
• THE APPRECIATION POTENTIAL OF THE NOTES IS LIMITED TO THE SUM OF THE INTEREST PAYMENTS PAID OVER
THE TERM OF THE NOTES,
regardless of any appreciation of either Reference Stock, which may be significant. You will not participate in any appreciation of
either Reference Stock.
• YOU ARE EXPOSED TO THE RISK OF DECLINE IN THE PRICE OF ONE SHARE OF EACH REFERENCE STOCK —
Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Reference Stocks and are contingent upon the performance of
each individual Reference Stock. Poor performance by either of the Reference Stocks over the term of the notes may result in the
notes not being automatically called on a Review Date, may negatively affect your payment at maturity and will not be offset or
mitigated by positive performance by the other Reference Stock.
• YOUR PAYMENT AT MATURITY WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE LESSER PERFORMING REFERENCE STOCK.
• THE BENEFIT PROVIDED BY THE TRIGGER VALUE MAY TERMINATE ON THE FINAL REVIEW DATE —
If the Final Value of either Reference Stock is less than its Trigger Value and the notes have not been automatically called, the
benefit provided by the Trigger Value will terminate and you will be fully exposed to any depreciation of the Lesser Performing
Reference Stock.
• THE AUTOMATIC CALL FEATURE MAY FORCE A POTENTIAL EARLY EXIT —
If your notes are automatically called, the term of the notes may be reduced to as short as approximately two years and you will not
receive any Interest Payments after the applicable Call Settlement Date. There is no guarantee that you would be able to reinvest
the proceeds from an investment in the notes at a comparable return and/or with a comparable interest rate for a similar level of
risk. Even in cases where the notes are called before maturity, you are not entitled to any fees and commissions described on the
front cover of this pricing supplement.
• YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE DIVIDENDS ON EITHER REFERENCE STOCK OR HAVE ANY RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO
EITHER REFERENCE STOCK.
• THE RISK OF THE CLOSING PRICE OF ONE SHARE OF A REFERENCE STOCK FALLING BELOW ITS TRIGGER VALUE IS
GREATER IF THE PRICE OF ONE SHARE OF THAT REFERENCE STOCK IS VOLATILE.
• LACK OF LIQUIDITY —
The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. Accordingly, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is
likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes. You may not be able to sell your notes. The notes
are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.
• THE FINAL TERMS AND VALUATION OF THE NOTES WILL BE PROVIDED IN THE PRICING SUPPLEMENT —
You should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes and the
Interest Rate.
Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest
• POTENTIAL CONFLICTS —
We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase &
Co.’s economic interests are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading
activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the
value of the notes declines. Please refer to “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest” in the accompanying product
supplement.
Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES WILL BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE (PRICE TO PUBLIC) OF
THE NOTES —
The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the
notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are
included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our
PS-7 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging
our obligations under the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES DOES NOT REPRESENT FUTURE VALUES OF THE NOTES AND MAY DIFFER
FROM OTHERS’ ESTIMATES —
See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES IS DERIVED BY REFERENCE TO AN INTERNAL FUNDING RATE —
The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may
be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may
prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an
internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any
secondary market prices of the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
• THE VALUE OF THE NOTES AS PUBLISHED BY JPMS (AND WHICH MAY BE REFLECTED ON CUSTOMER ACCOUNT
STATEMENTS) MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE THEN-CURRENT ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES FOR A LIMITED TIME
PERIOD —
We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in
connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period.
See “Secondary Market Prices of the Notes” in this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period.
Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by
JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL LIKELY BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE OF THE
NOTES —
Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other
things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and,
also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, and estimated hedging
costs that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy the
notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Any sale by you prior to
the Maturity Date could result in a substantial loss to you.
• SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL BE IMPACTED BY MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS —
The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which
may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging
costs and the prices of one share of the Reference Stocks. Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-
dealers may publish a price for the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be
different (higher or lower) than the price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary
market. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary
market prices of the notes will be impacted by many economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement.
Risks Relating to the Reference Stocks
• NO AFFILIATION WITH EITHER REFERENCE STOCK ISSUER —
We have not independently verified any of the information about either Reference Stock issuer contained in this pricing
supplement. You should undertake your own investigation into each Reference Stock and its issuer. We are not responsible for
either Reference Stock issuer’s public disclosure of information, whether contained in SEC filings or otherwise.
• RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-U.S. COMPANIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ADSs OF TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR
MANUFACTURING COMPANY LIMITED —
The ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited have been issued by a non-U.S. company. Investments in
securities linked to the value of such non-U.S. equity securities involve risks associated with the home countries of the issuers of
those non-U.S. equity securities.
PS-8 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
• EMERGING MARKETS RISK WITH RESPECT TO THE ADSs OF TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING COMPANY
LIMITED —
The ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited have been issued by a non-U.S. company conducting its
business in an emerging markets country (Taiwan). Countries with emerging markets may have relatively unstable governments,
may present the risks of nationalization of businesses, restrictions on foreign ownership and prohibitions on the repatriation of
assets, and may have less protection of property rights than more developed countries. The economies of countries with emerging
markets may be based on only a few industries, may be highly vulnerable to changes in local or global trade conditions, and may
suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens or inflation rates. Local securities markets may trade a small number of securities
and may be unable to respond effectively to increases in trading volume, potentially making prompt liquidation of holdings difficult
or impossible at times.
• CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE RISK WITH RESPECT TO THE ADSs OF TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING
COMPANY LIMITED —
Because the ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited are quoted and traded in U.S. dollars on the New
York Stock Exchange and the common shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited are quoted and traded in
New Taiwan dollars on the Taiwan Stock Exchange, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the New Taiwan dollar and the U.S.
dollar will likely affect the relative value of the ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited and the common
shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited in the two currencies and, as a result, will likely affect the market
price of the ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited trading on the New York Stock Exchange. These
trading differences and currency exchange rates may affect the market value of the notes and the closing price of one ADS of the
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited. The New Taiwan dollar has been subject to fluctuations against the U.S.
dollar in the past and may be subject to significant fluctuations in the future. Previous fluctuations or periods of relative stability in
the exchange rate between the New Taiwan dollar and the U.S. dollar are not necessarily indicative of fluctuations or periods of
relative stability in that rate that may occur over the term of the notes. The exchange rate between the New Taiwan dollar and the
U.S. dollar is the result of the supply of, and the demand for, those currencies. Changes in the exchange rate results over time
from the interaction of many factors directly or indirectly affecting economic and political conditions in Taiwan and the United
States, including economic and political developments in other countries. Of particular importance are rates of inflation, interest
rate levels, the balance of payments, any political, civil or military unrest and the extent of governmental surpluses or deficits in
Taiwan and the United States, all of which are in turn sensitive to the monetary, fiscal and trade policies pursued by Taiwan and
the United States and other jurisdictions important to international trade and finance.
• THERE ARE IMPORTANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF THE ADSs OF TAIWAN
SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING COMPANY LIMITED AND THE RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF THE COMMON SHARES
OF TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING COMPANY LIMITED —
There exist important differences between the rights of holders of the ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the rights of holders of the common shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited, which we refer
to as the underlying stock. For example, the issuer of the underlying stock may make distributions in respect of the underlying
stock that are not passed on to the holders of the ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited. Any such
differences between the rights of holders of the ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited and holders of
the underlying stock may be significant and may materially and adversely affect the value of the ADSs of Taiwan Semiconductor
Manufacturing Company Limited and, as a result, the notes.
• THE ANTI-DILUTION PROTECTION FOR EACH REFERENCE STOCK IS LIMITED AND MAY BE DISCRETIONARY —
The calculation agent will not make an adjustment in response to all events that could affect a Reference Stock. The calculation
agent may make adjustments in response to events that are not described in the accompanying product supplement to account for
any diluting or concentrative effect, but the calculation agent is under no obligation to do so or to consider your interests as a
holder of the notes in making these determinations.
PS-9 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
The Reference Stocks
All information contained herein on the Reference Stocks and on the Reference Stock issuers is derived from publicly available
sources, without independent verification. Each Reference Stock is registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, which we refer to as the Exchange Act, and is listed on the exchange provided in the table below, which we refer to as the
relevant exchange for purposes of that Reference Stock in the accompanying product supplement. Information provided to or filed with
the SEC by a Reference Stock issuer pursuant to the Exchange Act can be located by reference to the SEC file number provided in the
table below, and can be accessed through www.sec.gov. We do not make any representation that these publicly available documents
are accurate or complete. We obtained the closing prices below from the Bloomberg Professional® service (“Bloomberg”), without
independent verification.
Reference Stock
Bloomberg
Ticker Symbol
Relevant Exchange
SEC File
Number
Closing Price on
December 17,
2025
ADSs, each representing five common shares, par
value NT$10.00 per share, of Taiwan Semiconductor
Manufacturing Company Limited
TSM
New York Stock
Exchange
001-14700
$276.96
Common stock of Microsoft Corporation, par value
$0.00000625 per share
MSFT
The Nasdaq Stock
Market
001-37845
$476.12
Each of the Reference Stocks is issued by a company whose primary line of business is associated with the technology sector.
According to publicly available filings of the relevant Reference Stock issuer with the SEC:
• Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited, a Taiwanese company, is a foundry that manufactures
semiconductors using its manufacturing processes for its customers based on proprietary integrated circuit designs provided
by them.
• Microsoft Corporation is a technology company that develops and supports software, services, devices and solutions.
Historical Information
The following graphs set forth the historical performance of each Reference Stock based on the weekly historical closing prices of one
share of that Reference Stock from January 3, 2020 through December 12, 2025. The closing prices above and below may have been
adjusted by Bloomberg for corporate actions, such as stock splits, public offerings, mergers and acquisitions, spin-offs, delistings and
bankruptcy.
The historical closing prices of one share of each Reference Stock should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and no
assurance can be given as to the closing price of one share of either Reference Stock on the Pricing Date or any Review Date. There
can be no assurance that the performance of the Reference Stocks will result in the return of any of your principal amount.
PS-10 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
Tax Treatment
You should review carefully the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” in the accompanying product
supplement no. 4-I. Based on the advice of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, our special tax counsel, and on current market conditions, in
determining our reporting responsibilities we intend to treat the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes as units each comprising: (x)
a cash-settled Put Option written by you that is terminated if an automatic call occurs and that, if not terminated, in circumstances
where the payment due at maturity is less than $1,000 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest), requires you to pay us an amount equal
to that difference and (y) a Deposit of $1,000 per $1,000 principal amount note to secure your potential obligation under the Put Option,
as more fully described in “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences — Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Notes Treated
as Units Each Comprising a Put Option and a Deposit” in the accompanying product supplement, and in particular in the subsection
thereof entitled “— Notes with a Term of More than One Year.” By purchasing the notes, you agree (in the absence of an
administrative determination or judicial ruling to the contrary) to follow this treatment and the allocation described in the following
paragraph. However, there are other reasonable treatments that the IRS or a court may adopt, in which case the timing and character
of any income or loss on the notes could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, in 2007 Treasury and the IRS released a
notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. The
notice focuses on a number of issues, the most relevant of which for investors in the notes are the character of income or loss
(including whether the Put Premium might be currently included as ordinary income) and the degree, if any, to which income realized by
non-U.S. investors should be subject to withholding tax. While it is not clear whether the notes would be viewed as similar to the typical
prepaid forward contract described in the notice, it is possible that any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after
consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the notes, possibly with
retroactive effect.
In determining our reporting responsibilities, we intend to treat a portion of each Interest Payment equal to approximately 4.46% per
annum times the amount of the Deposit times the number of days in the applicable period divided by 365 as interest on the Deposit (so
that the amount allocated as interest on the Deposit will vary from Interest Payment to Interest Payment depending on the number of
days in the applicable period) and the remainder of each Interest Payment as Put Premium. Assuming that the treatment of the notes
as units each comprising a Put Option and a Deposit is respected, amounts treated as interest on the Deposit will be taxed as ordinary
income, while the Put Premium will not be taken into account prior to sale or settlement, including a settlement following an automatic
call.
Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder (“Section 871(m)”) generally impose a 30% withholding
tax (unless an income tax treaty applies) on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain
financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities. Section 871(m) provides certain exceptions to this
withholding regime, including for instruments linked to certain broad-based indices that meet requirements set forth in the applicable
Treasury regulations. Additionally, a recent IRS notice excludes from the scope of Section 871(m) instruments issued prior to January
1, 2027 that do not have a delta of one with respect to underlying securities that could pay U.S.-source dividends for U.S. federal
income tax purposes (each an “Underlying Security”). Based on certain determinations made by us, we expect that Section 871(m) will
not apply to the notes with regard to Non-U.S. Holders. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with
PS-11 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
this determination. Section 871(m) is complex and its application may depend on your particular circumstances, including whether you
enter into other transactions with respect to an Underlying Security. If necessary, further information regarding the potential application
of Section 871(m) will be provided in the pricing supplement for the notes. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential
application of Section 871(m) to the notes.
The discussions above and in the accompanying product supplement do not address the consequences to taxpayers subject to special
tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code. You should consult your tax adviser regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal
income tax consequences of an investment in the notes, including possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by the 2007
notice. Purchasers who are not initial purchasers of notes at the issue price should also consult their tax advisers with respect to the
tax consequences of an investment in the notes, including possible alternative treatments, as well as the allocation of the purchase
price of the notes between the Deposit and the Put Option.
The Estimated Value of the Notes
The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following
hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding
rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the
notes does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at
any time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied
funding rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference
may be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove
to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal
funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market
prices of the notes. For additional information, see “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate” in this
pricing supplement.
The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our
affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on
various other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other
factors, as well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is
determined when the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that
time.
The estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others’ estimates. Different pricing
models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In
addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On
future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or
JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at
which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions.
The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with selling,
structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions
paid to JPMS and other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming
risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. Because
hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control, this hedging may result in a profit that
is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits, if any, realized in hedging our obligations under the
notes may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging
profits. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — The
Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price (Price to Public) of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the
Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many
economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs
included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by
PS-12 | Structured Investments
Auto Callable Yield Notes Linked to the Lesser Performing of the American
Depositary Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Limited and the Common Stock of Microsoft Corporation
JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions,
projected hedging profits, if any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates
for structured debt issuances. This initial predetermined time period is intended to be the shorter of six months and one-half of the
stated term of the notes. The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a
profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as
determined by our affiliates. See “Selected Risk Considerations — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices
of the Notes — The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May
Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time Period” in this pricing supplement.
Supplemental Use of Proceeds
The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the
notes. See “How the Notes Work” and “Hypothetical Payout Examples” in this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return
profile of the notes and “The Reference Stocks” in this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the
notes.
The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and other
affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent
in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes.
Additional Terms Specific to the Notes
You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable
agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any
changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase.
You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.
You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying
prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, the accompanying prospectus
addendum and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement. This pricing supplement, together
with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as
well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for
implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of ours. You should carefully consider, among
other things, the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying
product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, as the notes involve risks not associated with
conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers before you invest in the
notes.
You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our
filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
• Pro duct supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029539/ea152803_424b2.pdf
• Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010323005751/crt_dp192097-424b2.pdf
• Prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1665650/000095010324007599/dp211753_424b3.htm
Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing
supplement, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to JPMorgan Financial.