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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ |  | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

or

☐ |  | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 1-31371

Oshkosh Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Wisconsin |  | 39-0520270
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1917 Four Wheel Drive Oshkosh, Wisconsin |  | 54902
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(920) 502-3400

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock $0.01 par value |  | OSK |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

As of July 21, 2022, 65,371,562 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock were outstanding.

Table of Contents

OSHKOSH CORP ORATION

FORM 10-Q INDEX

|  |  |  | Page
|  | PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION |  |
ITEM 1. |  | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) |  | 3
|  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  | 3
|  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  | 4
|  | Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 |  | 5
|  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  | 6
|  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  | 8
|  | Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |  | 9
ITEM 2. |  | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |  | 29
ITEM 3. |  | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |  | 39
ITEM 4. |  | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |  | 39
|  | PART II - OTHER INFORMATION |  |
ITEM 1. |  | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |  | 40
ITEM 1A. |  | RISK FACTORS |  | 40
ITEM 2. |  | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS |  | 40
ITEM 4. |  | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES |  | 40
ITEM 6. |  | EXHIBITS |  | 41
SIGNATURES |  | 42

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCI AL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCI AL STATEMENTS

OSHKOSH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Net sales |  | $ | 2,066.0 |  |  | $ | 2,208.8 |  |  | $ | 4,011.7 |  |  | $ | 4,097.8 |
Cost of sales |  |  | 1,825.9 |  |  |  | 1,824.2 |  |  |  | 3,570.3 |  |  |  | 3,398.1 |
Gross income |  |  | 240.1 |  |  |  | 384.6 |  |  |  | 441.4 |  |  |  | 699.7 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative |  |  | 167.9 |  |  |  | 177.6 |  |  |  | 337.1 |  |  |  | 349.6 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 3.2 |  |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  | 5.5 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 170.7 |  |  |  | 180.8 |  |  |  | 342.7 |  |  |  | 355.1 |
Operating income |  |  | 69.4 |  |  |  | 203.8 |  |  |  | 98.7 |  |  |  | 344.6 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | (13.2 | ) |  |  | (12.2 | ) |  |  | (25.8 | ) |  |  | (24.0 | )
Interest income |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | 1.1 |
Miscellaneous, net |  |  | (15.1 | ) |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | (14.0 | ) |  |  | 3.5 |
Income before income taxes and losses of unconsolidated affiliates |  |  | 42.4 |  |  |  | 192.5 |  |  |  | 61.2 |  |  |  | 325.2 |
Provision for (benefit of) income taxes |  |  | 13.7 |  |  |  | (21.9 | ) |  |  | 33.9 |  |  |  | 11.3 |
Income before losses of unconsolidated affiliates |  |  | 28.7 |  |  |  | 214.4 |  |  |  | 27.3 |  |  |  | 313.9 |
Equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates |  |  | (1.8 | ) |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  |  | (2.5 | ) |  |  | (0.4 | )
Net income |  | $ | 26.9 |  |  | $ | 213.9 |  |  | $ | 24.8 |  |  | $ | 313.5 |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 3.11 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 4.57 |
Diluted |  |  | 0.41 |  |  |  | 3.07 |  |  |  | 0.37 |  |  |  | 4.51 |
Cash dividends declared per share on Common Stock |  | $ | 0.37 |  |  | $ | 0.33 |  |  | $ | 0.74 |  |  | $ | 0.66 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

3

Table of Contents

OSHKOSH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEM ENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Dollars in millions; unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Net income |  | $ | 26.9 |  |  | $ | 213.9 |  |  | $ | 24.8 |  |  | $ | 313.5 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee pension and postretirement benefits |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 2.3 |
Currency translation adjustments |  |  | (33.9 | ) |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  | (40.4 | ) |  |  | (12.3 | )
Change in fair value of derivative instruments |  |  | 4.4 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 5.2 |  |  |  | 0.7 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  |  | (29.1 | ) |  |  | 9.1 |  |  |  | (34.4 | ) |  |  | (9.3 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) |  | $ | (2.2 | ) |  | $ | 223.0 |  |  | $ | (9.6 | ) |  | $ | 304.2 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

4

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDA TED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in millions, except share and per share amounts; unaudited)

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 397.4 |  |  | $ | 995.7 |
Receivables, net |  |  | 1,216.4 |  |  |  | 973.4 |
Unbilled receivables, net |  |  | 492.2 |  |  |  | 440.8 |
Inventories, net |  |  | 1,584.3 |  |  |  | 1,382.7 |
Income taxes receivable |  |  | 291.2 |  |  |  | 250.3 |
Other current assets |  |  | 71.8 |  |  |  | 71.7 |
Total current assets |  |  | 4,053.3 |  |  |  | 4,114.6 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  | 674.5 |  |  |  | 593.2 |
Goodwill |  |  | 1,043.0 |  |  |  | 1,049.0 |
Purchased intangible assets, net |  |  | 465.6 |  |  |  | 464.0 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 121.4 |  |  |  | 111.5 |
Other long-term assets |  |  | 502.1 |  |  |  | 389.5 |
Total assets |  | $ | 6,859.9 |  |  | $ | 6,721.8 |
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Revolving credit facilities |  | $ | 10.0 |  |  | $ | — |
Accounts payable |  |  | 1,011.9 |  |  |  | 747.4 |
Customer advances |  |  | 757.1 |  |  |  | 690.9 |
Payroll-related obligations |  |  | 146.8 |  |  |  | 118.4 |
Income taxes payable |  |  | 60.7 |  |  |  | 222.1 |
Other current liabilities |  |  | 352.3 |  |  |  | 364.2 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 2,338.8 |  |  |  | 2,143.0 |
Long-term debt, less current maturities |  |  | 594.6 |  |  |  | 819.0 |
Long-term customer advances |  |  | 550.2 |  |  |  | 207.0 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 499.3 |  |  |  | 476.4 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred Stock ($0.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common Stock ($0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 75,101,465 shares issued) |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 0.7 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 802.5 |  |  |  | 792.4 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 3,086.4 |  |  |  | 3,110.6 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (163.0 | ) |  |  | (128.6 | )
Common Stock in treasury, at cost (9,736,677 and 8,289,347 shares, respectively) |  |  | (849.6 | ) |  |  | (698.7 | )
Total shareholders’ equity |  |  | 2,877.0 |  |  |  | 3,076.4 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 6,859.9 |  |  | $ | 6,721.8 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

5

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEME NTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Common Stock in Treasury at Cost |  |  | Total |
Balance at March 31, 2022 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 798.2 |  |  | $ | 3,084.0 |  |  | $ | (133.9 | ) |  | $ | (781.0 | ) |  | $ | 2,968.0 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 26.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 26.9 |
Employee pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $0.1 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.4 |
Currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (33.9 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (33.9 | )
Cash dividends ($0.37 per share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (24.4 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (24.4 | )
Repurchases of Common Stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (70.0 | ) |  |  | (70.0 | )
Exercise of stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 0.4 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6.7 |
Payment of stock-based restricted and performance shares |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | — |
Shares tendered for taxes on stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  |  | (1.3 | )
Other |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | 4.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4.2 |
Balance at June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 802.5 |  |  | $ | 3,086.4 |  |  | $ | (163.0 | ) |  | $ | (849.6 | ) |  | $ | 2,877.0 |

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Common Stock in Treasury at Cost |  |  | Total |
Balance at March 31, 2021 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 798.3 |  |  | $ | 2,871.0 |  |  | $ | (183.9 | ) |  | $ | (467.9 | ) |  | $ | 3,018.2 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 213.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 213.9 |
Employee pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $0.6 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.1 |
Currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7.7 |
Cash dividends ($0.33 per share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (22.7 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (22.7 | )
Repurchases of Common Stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (13.0 | ) |  |  | (13.0 | )
Exercise of stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 17.7 |  |  |  | 19.3 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5.4 |
Payment of stock-based restricted and performance shares |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.4 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  | — |
Shares tendered for taxes on stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.6 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | )
Other |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.4 |
Balance at June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 803.5 |  |  | $ | 3,062.1 |  |  | $ | (174.8 | ) |  | $ | (462.8 | ) |  | $ | 3,228.7 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

6

Table of Contents

OSHKOSH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Common Stock in Treasury at Cost |  |  | Total |
Balance at December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 792.4 |  |  | $ | 3,110.6 |  |  | $ | (128.6 | ) |  | $ | (698.7 | ) |  | $ | 3,076.4 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 24.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 24.8 |
Employee pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $0.2 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.8 |
Currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (40.4 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (40.4 | )
Cash dividends ($0.74 per share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (48.9 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (48.9 | )
Repurchases of Common Stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (155.0 | ) |  |  | (155.0 | )
Exercise of stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  | 2.3 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13.5 |
Payment of stock-based restricted and performance shares |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.8 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | — |
Shares tendered for taxes on stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.7 | ) |  |  | (1.7 | )
Other |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | 5.2 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 5.2 |
Balance at June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 802.5 |  |  | $ | 3,086.4 |  |  | $ | (163.0 | ) |  | $ | (849.6 | ) |  | $ | 2,877.0 |

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Common Stock in Treasury at Cost |  |  | Total |
Balance at December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 791.4 |  |  | $ | 2,793.5 |  |  | $ | (165.5 | ) |  | $ | (487.5 | ) |  | $ | 2,932.6 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 313.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 313.5 |
Employee pension and postretirement benefits, net of tax of $0.8 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.3 |
Currency translation adjustments |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12.3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12.3 | )
Cash dividends ($0.66 per share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (45.4 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (45.4 | )
Repurchases of Common Stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (13.0 | ) |  |  | (13.0 | )
Exercise of stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 36.5 |  |  |  | 37.5 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13.7 |
Payment of stock-based restricted and performance shares |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.2 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.2 |  |  |  | — |
Shares tendered for taxes on stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.6 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | )
Other |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 1.4 |
Balance at June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 803.5 |  |  | $ | 3,062.1 |  |  | $ | (174.8 | ) |  | $ | (462.8 | ) |  | $ | 3,228.7 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

7

Table of Contents

OSHKOSH CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED S TATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in millions; unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 24.8 |  |  | $ | 313.5 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 53.3 |  |  |  | 51.0 |
Stock-based incentive compensation |  |  | 13.5 |  |  |  | 13.7 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 6.2 |  |  |  | 22.6 |
Gain on sale of assets |  |  | (1.7 | ) |  |  | (4.4 | )
Unrealized loss on investments |  |  | 11.2 |  |  |  | — |
Foreign currency transactions |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |  | (3.1 | )
Other non-cash adjustments |  |  | 2.6 |  |  |  | 0.3 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |  |  | (135.2 | ) |  |  | 55.1 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |  |  | (22.9 | ) |  |  | 448.7 |
Investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Additions to property, plant and equipment |  |  | (110.3 | ) |  |  | (39.2 | )
Additions to equipment held for rental |  |  | (4.6 | ) |  |  | (5.5 | )
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired |  |  | (19.5 | ) |  |  | (112.6 | )
Proceeds from sale of equipment held for rental |  |  | 5.4 |  |  |  | 6.6 |
Acquisition of equity securities |  |  | (12.6 | ) |  |  | (9.3 | )
Other investing activities |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |  | 6.3 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (139.2 | ) |  |  | (153.7 | )
Financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from debt (original maturities greater than three months) |  |  | 10.4 |  |  |  | — |
Repayments of debt (original maturities greater than three months) |  |  | (225.0 | ) |  |  | — |
Repurchases of Common Stock |  |  | (155.0 | ) |  |  | (13.0 | )
Dividends paid |  |  | (48.9 | ) |  |  | (45.4 | )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | 37.5 |
Acquisition of Common Stock for taxes on stock-based compensation |  |  | (1.7 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | )
Other financing activities |  |  | (7.5 | ) |  |  | (2.5 | )
Net cash used in financing activities |  |  | (425.4 | ) |  |  | (25.0 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (10.8 | ) |  |  | (2.3 | )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (598.3 | ) |  |  | 267.7 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  |  | 995.7 |  |  |  | 898.6 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |  | $ | 397.4 |  |  | $ | 1,166.3 |
Supplemental disclosures: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid for interest |  | $ | 23.2 |  |  | $ | 24.8 |
Cash paid for income taxes |  |  | 205.7 |  |  |  | 146.4 |
Proceeds from income tax refunds |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | — |
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities |  |  | 24.3 |  |  |  | 26.0 |
Operating right-of-use assets obtained |  |  | 3.3 |  |  |  | 80.0 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1.
Basis of Presentation

In October 2021, Oshkosh Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Company) changed its fiscal year from a year beginning on October 1 and ending September 30 to a year beginning on January 1 and ending December 31. The Company’s current fiscal year runs from January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022 (fiscal 2022).

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments, unless otherwise noted) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Oshkosh Corporation for the year ended September 30, 2021. The interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for any other interim period or for fiscal 2022. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period financial statements to conform to the presentation as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

On June 13, 2022, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Maxi-Metal Inc. (Maxi-Metal), which specializes in the design and manufacturing of fire apparatus and utility vehicles in the Canadian market, for 25.3 million Canadian dollars, or $19.7 million. This includes $19.5 million in cash and an estimated amount payable of $0.2 million for certain post-closing working capital adjustments.

The operating results of Maxi-Metal have been included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of acquisition. Maxi-Metal had sal es of $1.0 million from the acquisition date to June 30, 2022. Pro-forma results of operations have not been presented as the effect of the acquisition is not material to any periods presented.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (in millions):

Assets Acquired: |  |  |
Current assets, excluding cash of $1.7 |  | $ | 7.5 |
Property, plant and equipment |  |  | 1.6 |
Goodwill |  |  | 8.9 |
Purchased intangible assets |  |  | 3.8 |
Total assets |  |  | 21.8 |
Liabilities Assumed: |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  | 2.0 |
Long-term liabilities |  |  | 0.1 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 2.1 |
Net assets acquired |  | $ | 19.7 |

The purchase price allocations are preliminary at June 30, 2022 and will be subsequently adjusted to reflect the finalization of appraisals and other valuation studies. The Company expe nsed $0.4 million of tr ansaction costs related to the acquisition during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

2.
Revenue Recognition

The Defense segment utilizes the cost-to-cost method of percentage-of-completion to recognize revenue on its performance obligations that are satisfied over time because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer. Under the cost-to-cost method of percentage-of-completion, the Defense segment measures progress based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs for the performance obligation. The Company recognizes changes in estimated sales or costs and the resulting profit or loss on a cumulative basis. Contract adjustments represent the cumulative effect of the changes on prior periods. If a loss is expected on a performance obligation, the complete estimated loss is recorded in the period in which the loss is identified.

There is significant judgment involved in estimating sales and costs within the Defense segment. Each contract is evaluated at contract inception to identify risks and estimate revenue and costs. In performing this evaluation, the Defense segment considers risks of contract performance such as technical requirements, schedule, duration and key contract dependencies. These considerations are then factored into the Company’s estimated revenue and costs. Preliminary contract estimates are subject to change throughout the duration of the contract as additional information becomes available that impacts risks and estimated revenue and costs. In addition, as contract modifications (e.g., new orders) are received, the additional units are factored into the overall contract estimate of costs and transaction price. Contract adjustments impacted the Company’s results as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Net sales |  | $ | (18.2 | ) |  | $ | 5.1 |  |  | $ | (23.6 | ) |  | $ | 1.2 |
Operating income |  |  | (23.6 | ) |  |  | 3.2 |  |  |  | (31.7 | ) |  |  | (0.7 | )
Net income |  |  | (18.1 | ) |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  | (24.3 | ) |  |  | (0.5 | )
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | (0.27 | ) |  | $ | 0.04 |  |  | $ | (0.37 | ) |  | $ | — |

Disaggregation of Revenue

Consolidated net sales disaggregated by segment and timing of revenue recognition are as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Corporate and Intersegment Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Point in time |  | $ | 965.4 |  |  | $ | 2.2 |  |  | $ | 271.4 |  |  | $ | 167.7 |  |  | $ | (2.2 | ) |  | $ | 1,404.5 |
Over time |  |  | 11.7 |  |  |  | 537.1 |  |  |  | 5.1 |  |  |  | 107.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 661.5 |
|  | $ | 977.1 |  |  | $ | 539.3 |  |  | $ | 276.5 |  |  | $ | 275.3 |  |  | $ | (2.2 | ) |  | $ | 2,066.0 |

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Corporate and Intersegment Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Point in time |  | $ | 907.1 |  |  | $ | 10.1 |  |  | $ | 297.8 |  |  | $ | 155.7 |  |  | $ | (6.4 | ) |  | $ | 1,364.3 |
Over time |  |  | 17.2 |  |  |  | 700.3 |  |  |  | 4.7 |  |  |  | 122.4 |  |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | 844.5 |
|  | $ | 924.3 |  |  | $ | 710.4 |  |  | $ | 302.5 |  |  | $ | 278.1 |  |  | $ | (6.5 | ) |  | $ | 2,208.8 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Corporate and Intersegment Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Point in time |  | $ | 1,835.3 |  |  | $ | 4.3 |  |  | $ | 554.0 |  |  | $ | 322.0 |  |  | $ | (4.5 | ) |  | $ | 2,711.1 |
Over time |  |  | 24.9 |  |  |  | 1,070.6 |  |  |  | 10.4 |  |  |  | 194.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,300.6 |
|  | $ | 1,860.2 |  |  | $ | 1,074.9 |  |  | $ | 564.4 |  |  | $ | 516.7 |  |  | $ | (4.5 | ) |  | $ | 4,011.7 |

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Corporate and Intersegment Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Point in time |  | $ | 1,628.2 |  |  | $ | 20.4 |  |  | $ | 605.4 |  |  | $ | 282.2 |  |  | $ | (13.5 | ) |  | $ | 2,522.7 |
Over time |  |  | 34.3 |  |  |  | 1,304.7 |  |  |  | 9.6 |  |  |  | 225.9 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 1,575.1 |
|  | $ | 1,662.5 |  |  | $ | 1,325.1 |  |  | $ | 615.0 |  |  | $ | 508.1 |  |  | $ | (12.9 | ) |  | $ | 4,097.8 |

See Note 18 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further disaggregated sales information.

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

The Company is generally entitled to bill its customers upon satisfaction of its performance obligations, except for its long-term contracts in the Defense segment which typically allow for billing upon acceptance of the finished goods, payments received from customers in advance of performance and extended warranties that are billed in advance of the warranty coverage period. Customer payment is usually received shortly after billing and payment terms generally do not exceed one year. See Note 7 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the Company’s receivables balances.

With the exception of the Fire & Emergency segment, the Company’s contracts typically do not contain a significant financing component. In the Fire & Emergency segment, customers earn interest on customer advances at a rate determined in a separate financing transaction between the Fire & Emergency segment and the customer at contract inception. Interest of $6.0 million and $11.0 million were recorded in “Interest expense” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, and $4.4 million and $8.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, for amounts due on customer advances.

The timing of billing does not always match the timing of revenue recognition. In instances where a customer pays consideration in advance or when the Company is entitled to bill a customer in advance of recognizing the related revenue, the Company records a contract liability. The Company reduces contract liabilities when the Company transfers control of the promised goods and services. Contract liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):

|  | June 30, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Customer advances |  | $ | 757.1 |  |  | $ | 690.9 |
Other current liabilities |  |  | 77.2 |  |  |  | 81.9 |
Long-term customer advances |  |  | 550.2 |  |  |  | 207.0 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 59.2 |  |  |  | 54.9 |
Total contract liabilities |  | $ | 1,443.7 |  |  | $ | 1,034.7 |

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Beginning liabilities recognized in revenue |  | $ | 196.5 |  |  | $ | 158.2 |  |  | $ | 314.8 |  |  | $ | 288.0 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

In instances where the Company recognizes revenue prior to having an unconditional right to payment, the Company records a contract asset. The Company reduces contract assets when the Company has an unconditional right to payment. The Company periodically assesses its contract assets for impairment. Contract assets and liabilities are determined on a net basis for each contract. The Company did no t record any impairment losses on contract assets during the three or six months ended June 30, 2022 or 2021.

The Defense segment incurs pre-production engineering, factory setup and other contract fulfillment costs related to products produced for its customers under long-term supply agreements. An asset is recognized for costs incurred to fulfill an existing contract or highly-probable anticipated contract if such costs generate or enhance resources that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future and the costs are expected to be recovered. Costs related to customer-owned tooling that will be used in production and for which the customer has provided a non-cancelable right to use the tooling to perform under a long-term supply agreement are also recognized as an asset. Under the Next Generation Delivery Vehicles (NGDV) contract with the United States Postal Service (USPS), the Company has determined that it does not transfer control of any goods or services to the USPS until the construction of the production vehicles. These costs will be amortized over the anticipated production volume of the NGDV contract. Deferred contract fulfillment and customer-owned tooling costs are included in “Other long-term assets” within the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company periodically assesses its contract fulfillment and customer-owned tooling for impairment. The Company did no t record any impairment losses on contract fulfillment or customer-owned tooling costs during the three or six months ended June 30, 2022 or 2021. Deferred contract related costs, the majority of which related to the NGDV contract, consisted of the following (in millions):

|  | June 30, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Costs for anticipated contracts |  | $ | 5.5 |  |  | $ | 4.9 |
Engineering costs |  |  | 147.8 |  |  |  | 60.0 |
Factory setup costs |  |  | 14.5 |  |  |  | 4.1 |
Customer-owned tooling |  |  | 39.0 |  |  |  | 4.2 |
Deferred contract related costs |  | $ | 206.8 |  |  | $ | 73.2 |

The Company offers a variety of service-type warranties, including optionally priced extended warranty programs. Outstanding balances related to service-type warranties are included within contract liabilities. Revenue related to service-type warranties is deferred until after the expiration of the standard warranty period. The revenue is then recognized in income over the term of the extended warranty period in proportion to the costs that are expected to be incurred. Changes in the Company’s service-type warranties were as follows (in millions):

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 66.9 |  |  | $ | 63.0 |
Deferred revenue for new service warranties |  |  | 14.8 |  |  |  | 14.2 |
Amortization of deferred revenue |  |  | (10.6 | ) |  |  | (12.6 | )
Foreign currency translation |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 70.6 |  |  | $ | 64.5 |

Classification of service-type warranties in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of the following (in millions):

|  | June 30, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Other current liabilities |  | $ | 24.4 |  |  | $ | 22.3 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 46.2 |  |  |  | 44.6 |
|  | $ | 70.6 |  |  | $ | 66.9 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of June 30, 2022, the Company had unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original duration greater than one year totaling $8.44 billion, of which $1.48 billion is expected to be satisfied and revenue recognized in the remaining six months of fiscal 2022, $2.58 billion is expected to be recognized in fiscal 2023 and $4.37 billion is expected to be satisfied and revenue recognized beyond fiscal 2023.

3.
Stock-Based Compensation

In February 2017, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2017 Incentive Stock and Awards Plan (the “2017 Stock Plan”). The 2017 Stock Plan replaced the 2009 Incentive Stock and Awards Plan (as amended, the “2009 Stock Plan”). While no new awards will be granted under the 2009 Stock Plan, awards previously made under that plan that were outstanding as of the approval date of the 2017 Stock Plan will remain outstanding and continue to be governed by the provisions of that plan. At June 30, 2022, the Company had reserved 3,576,025 shares of Common Stock available for issuance to provide for the exercise of outstanding stock options and the issuance of Common Stock under incentive compensation awards, including awards issued prior to the effective date of the 2017 Stock Plan.

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period for vesting of an award, or to an employee’s eligible retirement date, if earlier and applicable. Total stock-based compensation expense, including cash-based liability awards, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was $6.2 million ($5.1 million net of tax) and $12.7 million ($10.6 million net of tax), respectively. Total stock-based compensation expense, including cash-based liability awards, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 was $6.2 million ($5.3 million net of tax) and $16.1 million ($13.6 million net of tax), respectively.

4.
Employee Benefit Plans

Components of net periodic pension benefit cost were as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Components of net periodic benefit cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | 2.8 |  |  | $ | 5.2 |  |  | $ | 5.7 |
Interest cost |  |  | 4.2 |  |  |  | 4.1 |  |  |  | 8.5 |  |  |  | 8.2 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (5.1 | ) |  |  | (4.9 | ) |  |  | (10.3 | ) |  |  | (9.9 | )
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit) |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | 1.1 |
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 2.6 |
Expenses paid |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  | 1.6 |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 3.3 |  |  | $ | 4.8 |  |  | $ | 6.5 |  |  | $ | 9.3 |

Components of net periodic other post-employment benefit cost were as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Components of net periodic benefit cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 1.1 |
Interest cost |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit) |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  |  | (0.7 | )
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain) |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 1.3 |  |  | $ | 1.1 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Components of net periodic benefit cost other than “Service cost” and “Expenses paid” are included in “Miscellaneous, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

5.
Income Taxes

The Company recorded income tax expense of $13.7 million, or 32.3% of pre-tax income, for the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to an income tax benefit of $21.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Results for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were unfavorably impacted by $1.5 million of net discrete items. Results for the three months ended June 30, 2021 were impacted by a $69.9 million discrete tax benefit for the implementation of a plan to make certain tax accounting method changes and change the timing of certain deductible payments, allowing the Company to carry back the net operating loss to prior tax years with higher federal statutory tax rates.

The Company recorded income tax expense of $33.9 million, or 55.4% of pre-tax income, for the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $11.3 million, or 3.5% of pre-tax income, for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were unfavorably impacted by $16.9 million of net discrete tax items, including a charge of $18.1 million related to taxes on previous income as the Company revised its interpretation of certain foreign anti-hybrid tax legislation based upon comments from the corresponding tax authorities. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2021 were favorably impacted by the $69.9 million discrete tax benefit.

The Company’s liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding related interest and penalties, was $83.4 million and $41.5 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Included in the Company’s June 30, 2022 liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits is a $19.2 million reserve related to foreign anti-hybrid legislation and a $22.3 million U.S. federal reserve for a temporary deferred position. As of June 30, 2022, net unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, of $45.3 million would affect the Company’s net income if recognized.

The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in the “Provision for income taxes” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized expense of $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively, related to interest and penalties. At June 30, 2022, the Company had accruals for the payment of interest and penalties of $4.2 million. During the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that federal, state and foreign tax audit resolutions could reduce net unrecognized tax benefits by approximately $5.3 million because the Company’s tax positions are sustained on audit, the Company agrees to their disallowance or the statutes of limitations close.

6.
Earnings Per Share

The reconciliation of basic weighted-average shares outstanding to diluted weighted-average shares outstanding was as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding |  |  | 65,613,527 |  |  |  | 68,781,801 |  |  |  | 66,001,628 |  |  |  | 68,648,351 |
Dilutive stock options and other equity-based compensation awards |  |  | 395,333 |  |  |  | 829,844 |  |  |  | 458,668 |  |  |  | 802,523 |
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding |  |  | 66,008,860 |  |  |  | 69,611,645 |  |  |  | 66,460,296 |  |  |  | 69,450,874 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Shares for stock-based compensation not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders because they would have been anti-dilutive were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Shares for stock-based compensation |  |  | 160,198 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 80,099 |  |  |  | — |

7.
Receivables

Receivables consisted of the following (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Trade receivables - U.S. government |  | $ | 230.9 |  |  | $ | 140.7 |
Trade receivables - other |  |  | 944.5 |  |  |  | 797.5 |
Finance receivables |  |  | 6.5 |  |  |  | 8.0 |
Other receivables |  |  | 49.2 |  |  |  | 40.0 |
|  |  | 1,231.1 |  |  |  | 986.2 |
Less allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  | (6.4 | ) |  |  | (4.2 | )
|  | $ | 1,224.7 |  |  | $ | 982.0 |

Classification of receivables in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of the following (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Current receivables |  | $ | 1,216.4 |  |  | $ | 973.4 |
Long-term receivables |  |  | 8.3 |  |  |  | 8.6 |
|  | $ | 1,224.7 |  |  | $ | 982.0 |

Changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts by type of receivable were as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Finance Receivables |  |  | Trade and Other Receivables |  |  | Total |  |  | Finance Receivables |  |  | Trade and Other Receivables |  |  | Total |
Allowance at beginning of period |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 5.5 |  |  | $ | 5.9 |  |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 4.6 |  |  | $ | 5.7 |
Provision for doubtful accounts, net of recoveries |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | (0.8 | ) |  |  | (1.0 | )
Allowance at end of period |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 6.1 |  |  | $ | 6.4 |  |  | $ | 0.9 |  |  | $ | 3.8 |  |  | $ | 4.7 |

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Finance Receivables |  |  | Trade and Other Receivables |  |  | Total |  |  | Finance Receivables |  |  | Trade and Other Receivables |  |  | Total |
Allowance at beginning of period |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 3.7 |  |  | $ | 4.2 |  |  | $ | 1.4 |  |  | $ | 4.4 |  |  | $ | 5.8 |
Provision for doubtful accounts, net of recoveries |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |  | 2.2 |  |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  |  | (0.6 | ) |  |  | (1.1 | )
Allowance at end of period |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 6.1 |  |  | $ | 6.4 |  |  | $ | 0.9 |  |  | $ | 3.8 |  |  | $ | 4.7 |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

8.
Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 1,045.3 |  |  | $ | 984.4 |
Partially finished products |  |  | 428.0 |  |  |  | 334.0 |
Finished products |  |  | 291.6 |  |  |  | 239.7 |
Inventories at FIFO cost |  |  | 1,764.9 |  |  |  | 1,558.1 |
Less: Excess of FIFO cost over LIFO cost |  |  | (180.6 | ) |  |  | (175.4 | )
|  | $ | 1,584.3 |  |  | $ | 1,382.7 |

9.
Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Land and land improvements |  | $ | 73.2 |  |  | $ | 72.0 |
Buildings |  |  | 414.3 |  |  |  | 410.9 |
Machinery and equipment |  |  | 797.8 |  |  |  | 740.9 |
Software and related costs |  |  | 199.2 |  |  |  | 201.3 |
Equipment on operating lease to others |  |  | 10.2 |  |  |  | 9.9 |
Construction in progress |  |  | 107.3 |  |  |  | 45.3 |
|  |  | 1,602.0 |  |  |  | 1,480.3 |
Less accumulated depreciation |  |  | (927.5 | ) |  |  | (887.1 | )
|  | $ | 674.5 |  |  | $ | 593.2 |

Depreciation expense was $21.3 million and $20.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Depreciation expense was $42.0 million and $42.2 million (including $0.8 million of accelerated depreciation related to restructuring actions) for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Capitalized interest was insignificant for all reported periods.

Equipment on operating lease to others represents the cost of equipment shipped to customers for whom the Company has guaranteed the residual value and equipment on short-term leases. These transactions are accounted for as operating leases with the related assets capitalized and depreciated over their estimated economic lives of five to ten years. Cost less accumulated depreciation for equipment on operating lease at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $9.2 million and $8.9 million, respectively.

10.
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if potential interim indicators exist that could result in impairment. The Company performs its annual impairment test in the fourth quarter of its fiscal year. The Company acquired Maxi-Metal on June 13, 2022. The goodwill and intangible values related to the Maxi-Metal acquisition are preliminary. See Note 1 of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The following table presents changes in goodwill during the six months ended June 30, 2022 (in millions):

|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Total |
Net goodwill at December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 877.6 |  |  | $ | 44.4 |  |  | $ | 106.1 |  |  | $ | 20.9 |  |  | $ | 1,049.0 |
Foreign currency translation |  |  | (14.9 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (14.9 | )
Acquisition |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8.9 |
Net goodwill at June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 862.7 |  |  | $ | 44.4 |  |  | $ | 115.0 |  |  | $ | 20.9 |  |  | $ | 1,043.0 |

The following table presents details of the Company’s goodwill allocated to the reportable segments (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
|  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated Impairment |  |  | Net |  |  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated Impairment |  |  | Net |
Access Equipment |  | $ | 1,794.8 |  |  | $ | (932.1 | ) |  | $ | 862.7 |  |  | $ | 1,809.7 |  |  | $ | (932.1 | ) |  | $ | 877.6 |
Defense |  |  | 44.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 44.4 |  |  |  | 44.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 44.4 |
Fire & Emergency |  |  | 117.0 |  |  |  | (2.0 | ) |  |  | 115.0 |  |  |  | 108.1 |  |  |  | (2.0 | ) |  |  | 106.1 |
Commercial |  |  | 188.5 |  |  |  | (167.6 | ) |  |  | 20.9 |  |  |  | 188.5 |  |  |  | (167.6 | ) |  |  | 20.9 |
|  | $ | 2,144.7 |  |  | $ | (1,101.7 | ) |  | $ | 1,043.0 |  |  | $ | 2,150.7 |  |  | $ | (1,101.7 | ) |  | $ | 1,049.0 |

Details of the Company’s total purchased intangible assets are as follows (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |
|  | Weighted- Average Life |  |  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated Amortization |  |  | Net |
Amortizable intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distribution network |  |  | 39.2 |  |  | $ | 55.4 |  |  | $ | (36.3 | ) |  | $ | 19.1 |
Technology-related |  |  | 12.0 |  |  |  | 108.3 |  |  |  | (104.1 | ) |  |  | 4.2 |
Customer relationships |  |  | 12.6 |  |  |  | 572.5 |  |  |  | (554.2 | ) |  |  | 18.3 |
Other |  |  | 12.0 |  |  |  | 23.5 |  |  |  | (20.3 | ) |  |  | 3.2 |
|  |  | 14.4 |  |  |  | 759.7 |  |  |  | (714.9 | ) |  |  | 44.8 |
Preliminary acquisition amortizable intangible assets |  |  | 5.0 |  |  |  | 3.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.8 |
|  |  | 14.4 |  |  |  | 763.5 |  |  |  | (714.9 | ) |  |  | 48.6 |
Non-amortizable trade names |  |  |  |  |  | 417.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 417.0 |
|  |  |  |  | $ | 1,180.5 |  |  | $ | (714.9 | ) |  | $ | 465.6 |

|  | December 31, 2021 |
|  | Weighted- Average Life |  |  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated Amortization |  |  | Net |
Amortizable intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distribution network |  |  | 39.2 |  |  | $ | 55.4 |  |  | $ | (35.6 | ) |  | $ | 19.8 |
Technology-related |  |  | 11.9 |  |  |  | 104.7 |  |  |  | (104.0 | ) |  |  | 0.7 |
Customer relationships |  |  | 12.6 |  |  |  | 572.6 |  |  |  | (551.3 | ) |  |  | 21.3 |
Other |  |  | 12.1 |  |  |  | 23.6 |  |  |  | (18.5 | ) |  |  | 5.1 |
|  |  | 14.4 |  |  |  | 756.3 |  |  |  | (709.4 | ) |  |  | 46.9 |
Non-amortizable trade names |  |  |  |  |  | 417.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 417.1 |
|  |  |  |  | $ | 1,173.4 |  |  | $ | (709.4 | ) |  | $ | 464.0 |

On March 1, 2022, the Company acquired two patents with a combined value of $3.7 million. The technology-related intangible asset is subject to amortization with an estimated life of 14.3 years.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets for the remainder of fiscal 2022 and each of the five years succeeding December 31, 2021 are as follows: 2022 (remaining six months) $6.0 million; 2023 - $6.5 million; 2024 - $5.3 million; 2025 - $5.2 million; 2026 - $5.2 million; and 2027 - $4.8 million.

11.
Credit Agreements

The Company was obligated under the following debt instruments (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |
|  | Principal |  |  | Debt Issuance Costs |  |  | Debt, Net |
4.600% Senior notes due May 2028 |  | $ | 300.0 |  |  | $ | (2.3 | ) |  | $ | 297.7 |
3.100% Senior notes due March 2030 |  |  | 300.0 |  |  |  | (3.1 | ) |  |  | 296.9 |
|  | $ | 600.0 |  |  | $ | (5.4 | ) |  | $ | 594.6 |
Other short-term debt |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 10.0 |

|  | December 31, 2021 |
|  | Principal |  |  | Debt Issuance Costs |  |  | Debt, Net |
Senior Term Loan |  | $ | 225.0 |  |  | $ | (0.2 | ) |  | $ | 224.8 |
4.600% Senior notes due May 2028 |  |  | 300.0 |  |  |  | (2.5 | ) |  |  | 297.5 |
3.100% Senior notes due March 2030 |  |  | 300.0 |  |  |  | (3.3 | ) |  |  | 296.7 |
|  | $ | 825.0 |  |  | $ | (6.0 | ) |  | $ | 819.0 |

On March 23, 2022, the Company entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with various lenders (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) that matures in March 2027 with an initial maximum aggregate amount of availability of $1.1 billion. Debt issuance costs of $2.5 million were capitalized related to the Credit Agreement. In March 2022, the Company repaid a $225.0 million senior term loan that existed under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. As a result of the repayment, the Company expensed $0.1 million of previou sly capitalized debt issuance costs.

At June 30, 2022, outstanding letters of credit of $11.6 million reduced available capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility to $1.09 billion.

Under the Credit Agreement, the Company is obligated to pay (i) an unused commitment fee ranging from 0.080% to 0.225% per annum of the average da ily unused portion of the aggregate revolving credit commitments under the Credit Agreement and (ii) a fee ranging from 0.4375% to 1.500% per annum of the maximum amount available to be drawn for each letter of credit issued and outstanding under the Credit Agreement.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest for dollar-denominated loans at a variable rate equal to (i) Term SOFR (the forward-looking secured overnight financing rate) plus a specified margin, which may be adjusted upward or downward depending on whether certain criteria are satisfied, or (ii) the base rate (which is the highest of (x) Bank of America, N.A.’s prime rate, (y) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% or (z) the sum of 1.00% plus one-month Term SOFR) plus a specified margin, which may be adjusted upward or downward depending on whether certain criteria are satisfied. At June 30, 2022, the interest spread on the Revolving Credit Facility was 112.5 basis points.

The Credit Agreement contains various restrictions and covenants, including a requirement that the Company maintain a leverage ratio at certain levels, subject to certain exceptions, restrictions on the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to consolidate or merge, create liens, incur additional subsidiary indebtedness and consummate acquisitions and a restriction on the disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

The Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain a maximum leverage ratio (defined as, with certain adjustments, the ratio of the Company’s consolidated indebtedness to the Company’s consolidated net income for the previous four quarters before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, non-cash charges and certain other items (EBITDA)) as of the last day of any fiscal quarter of 3.75 to 1.00, subject to the Company’s right to temporarily increase the maximum leverage ratio to 4.25 to 1.00 in connection with certain material acquisitions. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant contained in the Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2022.

In March 2022, the Company entered into a 100.0 million Chinese renminbi uncommitted line of credit to provide short-term finance support to operations in China. There was 12.6 million Chinese renminbi ($1.9 million) outstanding on the uncommitted line of credit as of June 30, 2022. The line of credit carries a variable interest rate that is set by the lender, which was 3.6% at June 30, 2022.

In September 2019, the Company entered into a 220.0 million Chinese renminbi uncommitted line of credit to provide short-term finance support to operations in China. There was 54.0 million Chinese renminbi ($8.1 million) outstanding on the uncommitted line of credit as of June 30, 2022. The line of credit carries a variable interest rate that is set by the lender, which was 4.2% at June 30, 2022.

In May 2018, the Company issued $300.0 million of 4.600% unsecured senior notes due May 15, 2028 (the “2028 Senior Notes”). In February 2020, the Company issued $300.0 million of 3.100% unsecured senior notes due March 1, 2030 (the “2030 Senior Notes”). The 2028 Senior Notes and the 2030 Senior Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture (the “Indenture”) between the Company and a trustee. The Indenture contains customary affirmative and negative covenants. The Company has the option to redeem the 2028 and 2030 Senior Notes at any time for a premium.

The fair value of the long-term debt is estimated based upon Level 2 inputs to reflect the market rate of the Company’s debt. At June 30, 2022, the fair value of the 2028 Senior Notes and the 2030 Senior Notes was estimated to be $298 million ($338 million at December 31, 2021) and $261 million ($313 million at December 31, 2021), respectively. The fair value of the Term Loan approximated its book value at December 31, 2021. See Note 17 of the Notes to Condens ed Consolidated Financial Statements for the definition of a Level 2 input.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

12.
Warranties

The Company’s products generally carry explicit warranties that extend from six months to five years, based on terms that are generally accepted in the marketplace. Selected components (such as engines, transmissions, tires, etc.) included in the Company’s end products may include manufacturers’ warranties. These manufacturers’ warranties are generally passed on to the end customer of the Company’s products, and the customer would generally deal directly with the component manufacturer.

Provisions for estimated warranty and other related costs are recorded at the time of sale and are periodically adjusted to reflect actual experience. Certain warranty and other related claims involve matters of dispute that ultimately are resolved by negotiation, arbitration or litigation. At times, warranty issues arise that are beyond the scope of the Company’s historical experience. It is reasonably possible that additional warranty and other related claims could arise from disputes or other matters in excess of amounts accrued; however, the Company does not expect that any such amounts, while not determinable, would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Changes in the Company’s assurance-type warranty liability were as follows (in millions):

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 65.7 |  |  | $ | 64.6 |
Warranty provisions |  |  | 24.9 |  |  |  | 21.9 |
Settlements made |  |  | (29.8 | ) |  |  | (34.3 | )
Changes in liability for pre-existing warranties, net |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 17.5 |
Foreign currency translation |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | )
Acquisition |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 0.3 |
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 61.0 |  |  | $ | 69.9 |

13.
Guarantee Arrangements

Customers of the Company, from time to time, may fund purchases of the Company’s equipment through third-party finance companies. In certain instances, the Company may be requested to provide support for these arrangements through credit or residual value guarantees, by which the Company agrees to make payments to the finance companies in certain circumstances as further described below.

Credit Guarantees: The Company is party to multiple agreements whereby at June 30, 2022 the Company guaranteed an aggregate of $747.6 million in indebtedness of customers. At June 30, 2022, the Company estimated that its maximum loss exposure under these contracts was $133.7 million. Terms of these guarantees coincide with the financing arranged by the customer and generally do not exceed five years. Under the terms of these agreements and upon the occurrence of certain events, the Company generally has the ability to, among other things, take possession of the underlying collateral. If the financial condition of the customers were to deteriorate and result in their inability to make payments, then loss provisions in excess of amounts provided for at inception may be required. Given the Company’s position as original equipment manufacturer and its knowledge of end markets, the Company, when called upon to fulfill a guarantee, generally has been able to liquidate the financed equipment at a minimal loss, if any, to the Company. While the Company does not expect to experience losses under these agreements that are materially in excess of the amounts reserved, it cannot provide any assurance that the financial condition of the third parties will not deteriorate resulting in the third parties’ inability to meet their obligations. In the event that this occurs, the Company cannot guarantee that the collateral underlying the agreements will be sufficient to avoid losses materially in excess of the amounts reserved. Any losses under these guarantees would generally be mitigated by the value of any underlying collateral, including financed equipment. During periods of economic weakness, collateral values generally decline and can contribute to higher exposure to losses.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Residual Value Guarantees: The Company is party to multiple agreements whereby at June 30, 2022 the Company guaranteed to support an aggregate of $93.9 million of customer equipment value. At June 30, 2022, the Company estimated that its maximum loss exposure under these contracts was $11.0 million. Terms of these guarantees coincide with the financing arranged by the customer and generally do not exceed five years. Under the terms of these agreements, the Company guarantees that a piece of equipment will have a minimum residual value at a future date. If the counterparty is not able to recover the agreed upon residual value through sale, or alternative disposition, the Company is responsible for a portion of the shortfall. The Company is generally able to mitigate a portion of the risk associated with these guarantees by staggering the maturity terms of the guarantees, diversification of the portfolio and leveraging knowledge gained through the Company’s own experience in the used equipment markets. There can be no assurance the Company’s historical experience in used equipment markets will be indicative of future results. The Company’s ability to recover losses experienced from its guarantees may be affected by economic conditions in used equipment markets at the time of loss. During periods of economic weakness, residual values generally decline and can contribute to higher exposure to losses.

Changes in the non-contingent portion of the Company’s guarantee liabilities were as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 10.1 |  |  | $ | 13.8 |  |  | $ | 12.1 |  |  | $ | 14.7 |
Provision for new credit guarantees |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 2.0 |  |  |  | 1.1 |
Changes for pre-existing guarantees, net |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | (1.1 | ) |  |  | (0.6 | )
Amortization of previous guarantees |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | (0.8 | ) |  |  | (1.3 | )
Foreign currency translation |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 12.1 |  |  | $ | 13.8 |  |  | $ | 12.1 |  |  | $ | 13.8 |

Upon the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, the contingent portion of the guarantee liabilities that relates to current expected credit losses is recognized separately and is recorded within “Other current liabilities” and “Other long-term liabilities” in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Changes in the contingent portion of the Company’s guarantee liabilities were as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 9.7 |  |  | $ | 6.9 |  |  | $ | 4.0 |  |  | $ | 6.9 |
Provision for new credit guarantees |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | 0.7 |
Changes in allowance for pre-existing guarantees, net |  |  | (3.2 | ) |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  | (0.8 | )
Foreign currency translation |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | — |
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 6.7 |  |  | $ | 6.8 |  |  | $ | 6.7 |  |  | $ | 6.8 |

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

14.
Contingencies, Significant Estimates and Concentrations

Personal Injury Actions and Other - Product and general liability claims are made against the Company from time to time in the ordinary course of business. The Company is generally self-insured for future claims up to $5.0 million per claim. Accordingly, a reserve is maintained for the estimated cost s of such claims. At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the estimated net liabilities for product and general liability claims totaled $42.9 million and $45.1 million, respectively. There is inherent uncertainty as to the eventual resolution of unsettled claims. Management, however, believes that any losses in excess of established reserves will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Market Risks - The Company was contingently liable under bid, performance and specialty bonds totaling $1.69 billion and $1.24 billion at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Open standby letters of credit issued by the Company’s banks in favor of third parties totaled $15.0 million and $22.1 million at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Other Matters - The Company is subject to environmental matters and legal proceedings and claims, including patent, antitrust, product liability, warranty and state dealership regulation compliance proceedings, that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the final results of all such matters and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that the ultimate resolution of all such matters and claims will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Actual results could vary, among other things, due to the uncertainties involved in litigation.

Major contracts for military systems are performed over extended periods of time and are subject to changes in scope of work and delivery schedules. Pricing negotiations on changes and settlement of claims often extend over prolonged periods of time. The Company’s ultimate profitability on such contracts may depend on the eventual outcome of an equitable settlement of contractual issues with the Company’s customers.

15.
Shareholders’ Equity

In May 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a Common Stock repurchase authorization for which there was remaining authority to repurchase 4,109,419 shares of Common Stock as of May 3, 2022. On May 3, 2022, the Board of Directors increased the Common Stock repurchase authorization by 7,890,581 shares to 12,000,000 shares as of that date. The Company repurchased 1,508,467 shares of Common Stock under these authorizations during the six months ended June 30, 2022 at a cost of $155.0 million. The Company repurchased 107,138 shares of Common Stock under the then-existing authorization during the six months ended June 30, 2021 at a cost of $13.0 million. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had remaining authority to repurchase 11,550,677 shares of Comm on Stock.

16.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component were as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Employee Pension and Postretirement Benefits, Net of Tax |  |  | Cumulative Translation Adjustments |  |  | Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | (25.2 | ) |  | $ | (111.7 | ) |  | $ | 3.0 |  |  | $ | (133.9 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  |  | — |  |  |  | (33.9 | ) |  |  | 4.5 |  |  |  | (29.4 | )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | 0.3 |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | (33.9 | ) |  |  | 4.4 |  |  |  | (29.1 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | (24.8 | ) |  | $ | (145.6 | ) |  | $ | 7.4 |  |  | $ | (163.0 | )

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Employee Pension and Postretirement Benefits, Net of Tax |  |  | Cumulative Translation Adjustments |  |  | Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | (93.5 | ) |  | $ | (90.3 | ) |  | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | (183.9 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 8.0 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.1 |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 9.1 |
Balance at end of period |  | $ | (92.4 | ) |  | $ | (82.6 | ) |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | (174.8 | )

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Employee Pension and Postretirement Benefits, Net of Tax |  |  | Cumulative Translation Adjustments |  |  | Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | (25.6 | ) |  | $ | (105.2 | ) |  | $ | 2.2 |  |  | $ | (128.6 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  |  | — |  |  |  | (40.4 | ) |  |  | 5.4 |  |  |  | (35.0 | )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | 0.6 |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | (40.4 | ) |  |  | 5.2 |  |  |  | (34.4 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | (24.8 | ) |  | $ | (145.6 | ) |  | $ | 7.4 |  |  | $ | (163.0 | )

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Employee Pension and Postretirement Benefits, Net of Tax |  |  | Cumulative Translation Adjustments |  |  | Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | (94.7 | ) |  | $ | (70.3 | ) |  | $ | (0.5 | ) |  | $ | (165.5 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12.3 | ) |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | (11.6 | )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2.3 |
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | (12.3 | ) |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | (9.3 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | (92.4 | ) |  | $ | (82.6 | ) |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | (174.8 | )

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in the computation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost (See Note 4 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details regarding employee benefit plans) were as follows (in millions):

|  | Classification of Income (Expense) |  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Amortization of employee pension and postretirement benefits items |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prior service costs |  | Miscellaneous, net |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |
Actuarial losses |  | Miscellaneous, net |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 2.7 |
Total before tax |  |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | 3.1 |
Tax benefit |  |  |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.6 | ) |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | (0.8 | )
Net of tax |  |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |

17.
Fair Value Measurement

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. FASB ASC Topic 820 requires disclosures that categorize assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three different levels depending on the assumptions (i.e., inputs) used in the valuation. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, while Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment.

The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities were as follows (in millions):

|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
June 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SERP plan assets (a) |  | $ | 14.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14.1 |
Investment in equity securities (b) |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5.6 |
Foreign currency exchange derivatives (c) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11.4 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency exchange derivatives (c) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.9 |

December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SERP plan assets (a) |  | $ | 21.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 21.3 |
Investment in equity securities (b) |  |  | 14.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 14.2 |
Foreign currency exchange derivatives (c) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.7 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency exchange derivatives (c) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.9 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(a)
Represents investments held in a rabbi trust for the Company’s non-qualified supplemental executive retirement plan (SERP). The fair values of these investments are determined using a market approach. Investments include mutual funds for which quoted prices in active markets are available. The Company records changes in the fair value of investments in “Miscellaneous, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
(b)
Represents investments in equity securities for which quoted prices in active markets are available. The Company records changes in the fair value of investments in “Miscellaneous, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
(c)
Based on observable market transactions of forward currency prices.
18.
Business Segment Information

The Company is organized into four reportable segments based on the internal organization used by the Chief Executive Officer for making operating decisions and measuring performance and based on the similarity of customers served, common management, common use of facilities and economic results attained.

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, for purposes of business segment performance measurement, the Company does not allocate to individual business segments costs or items that are of a non-operating nature or organizational or functional expenses of a corporate nature. The caption “Corporate” includes corporate office expenses, new product development costs, stock-based compensation, costs of certain business initiatives and shared services or operations benefiting multiple segments, and results of insignificant operations. Identifiable assets of the business segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents, certain property, plant and equipment, and certain other assets pertaining to corporate activities. Intersegment sales generally include amounts invoiced by a segment for work performed for another segment. Amounts are based on actual work performed and agreed-upon pricing, which is intended to be reflective of the contribution made by the supplying business segment.

Selected financial information concerning the Company’s reportable segments and product lines is as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | External Customers |  |  | Inter- segment |  |  | Net Sales |  |  | External Customers |  |  | Inter- segment |  |  | Net Sales |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Access Equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aerial work platforms |  | $ | 451.5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 451.5 |  |  | $ | 450.9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 450.9 |
Telehandlers |  |  | 309.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 309.8 |  |  |  | 233.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 233.5 |
Other |  |  | 215.7 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 215.8 |  |  |  | 238.7 |  |  |  | 1.2 |  |  |  | 239.9 |
Total Access Equipment |  |  | 977.0 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 977.1 |  |  |  | 923.1 |  |  |  | 1.2 |  |  |  | 924.3 |
Defense |  |  | 538.9 |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 539.3 |  |  |  | 709.9 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 710.4 |
Fire & Emergency |  |  | 275.7 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 276.5 |  |  |  | 298.4 |  |  |  | 4.1 |  |  |  | 302.5 |
Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Refuse collection |  |  | 143.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 143.4 |  |  |  | 137.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 137.4 |
Concrete mixers |  |  | 104.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 104.6 |  |  |  | 113.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 113.4 |
Other |  |  | 26.4 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 27.3 |  |  |  | 26.6 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 27.3 |
Total Commercial |  |  | 274.4 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 275.3 |  |  |  | 277.4 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 278.1 |
Corporate and intersegment eliminations |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.2 | ) |  |  | (2.2 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6.5 | ) |  |  | (6.5 | )
Consolidated |  | $ | 2,066.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,066.0 |  |  | $ | 2,208.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,208.8 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | External Customers |  |  | Inter- segment |  |  | Net Sales |  |  | External Customers |  |  | Inter- segment |  |  | Net Sales |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Access Equipment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aerial work platforms |  | $ | 891.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 891.2 |  |  | $ | 809.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 809.1 |
Telehandlers |  |  | 539.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 539.5 |  |  |  | 408.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 408.7 |
Other |  |  | 429.3 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 429.5 |  |  |  | 441.9 |  |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 444.7 |
Total Access Equipment |  |  | 1,860.0 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 1,860.2 |  |  |  | 1,659.7 |  |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 1,662.5 |
Defense |  |  | 1,074.1 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 1,074.9 |  |  |  | 1,324.2 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 1,325.1 |
Fire & Emergency |  |  | 562.2 |  |  |  | 2.2 |  |  |  | 564.4 |  |  |  | 607.1 |  |  |  | 7.9 |  |  |  | 615.0 |
Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Refuse collection |  |  | 272.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 272.7 |  |  |  | 241.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 241.8 |
Concrete mixers |  |  | 189.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 189.7 |  |  |  | 210.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 210.7 |
Other |  |  | 53.0 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 54.3 |  |  |  | 53.7 |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | 55.6 |
Total Commercial |  |  | 515.4 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 516.7 |  |  |  | 506.2 |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | 508.1 |
Corporate and intersegment eliminations |  |  | — |  |  |  | (4.5 | ) |  |  | (4.5 | ) |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | (13.5 | ) |  |  | (12.9 | )
Consolidated |  | $ | 4,011.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,011.7 |  |  | $ | 4,097.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,097.8 |

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Operating income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Access Equipment (a) |  | $ | 69.4 |  |  | $ | 113.0 |  |  | $ | 76.9 |  |  | $ | 193.5 |
Defense |  |  | 2.1 |  |  |  | 59.8 |  |  |  | 21.5 |  |  |  | 95.3 |
Fire & Emergency |  |  | 22.8 |  |  |  | 44.5 |  |  |  | 45.2 |  |  |  | 91.9 |
Commercial |  |  | 15.1 |  |  |  | 29.6 |  |  |  | 29.4 |  |  |  | 48.4 |
Corporate |  |  | (40.0 | ) |  |  | (43.1 | ) |  |  | (74.3 | ) |  |  | (84.5 | )
Consolidated |  |  | 69.4 |  |  |  | 203.8 |  |  |  | 98.7 |  |  |  | 344.6 |
Interest expense, net of interest income |  |  | (11.9 | ) |  |  | (11.7 | ) |  |  | (23.5 | ) |  |  | (22.9 | )
Miscellaneous other income (expense) |  |  | (15.1 | ) |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | (14.0 | ) |  |  | 3.5 |
Income before income taxes and losses of unconsolidated affiliates |  | $ | 42.4 |  |  | $ | 192.5 |  |  | $ | 61.2 |  |  | $ | 325.2 |

(a)
Results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 include a $0.2 million charge and $1.4 million benefit for restructuring, respectively. The Company incurred additional charges of $1.1 million and $4.9 million of other costs related to restructuring plans in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively.

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Identifiable assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Access Equipment: |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. |  | $ | 2,460.5 |  |  | $ | 2,311.8 |
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 429.4 |  |  |  | 460.3 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 360.1 |  |  |  | 383.0 |
Total Access Equipment |  |  | 3,250.0 |  |  |  | 3,155.1 |
Defense: |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. |  |  | 1,661.6 |  |  |  | 1,225.0 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 7.2 |
Total Defense |  |  | 1,668.4 |  |  |  | 1,232.2 |
Fire & Emergency |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. |  |  | 551.7 |  |  |  | 511.2 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 23.8 |  |  |  | — |
Total Fire & Emergency |  |  | 575.5 |  |  |  | 511.2 |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. |  |  | 380.6 |  |  |  | 379.6 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 48.7 |  |  |  | 45.1 |
Total Commercial |  |  | 429.3 |  |  |  | 424.7 |
Corporate - U.S. (a) |  |  | 936.7 |  |  |  | 1,398.6 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 6,859.9 |  |  | $ | 6,721.8 |

(a)
Primarily includes cash and short-term investments and the Company’s global headquarters.

The following table presents net sales by geographic region based on product shipment destination (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North America |  | $ | 841.8 |  |  | $ | 521.5 |  |  | $ | 264.4 |  |  | $ | 270.5 |  |  | $ | (2.2 | ) |  | $ | 1,896.0 |
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 67.1 |  |  |  | 17.4 |  |  |  | 5.9 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 91.1 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 68.2 |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 6.2 |  |  |  | 4.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 78.9 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 977.1 |  |  | $ | 539.3 |  |  | $ | 276.5 |  |  | $ | 275.3 |  |  | $ | (2.2 | ) |  | $ | 2,066.0 |

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North America |  | $ | 719.9 |  |  | $ | 682.4 |  |  | $ | 287.4 |  |  | $ | 275.6 |  |  | $ | (6.5 | ) |  | $ | 1,958.8 |
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 75.7 |  |  |  | 25.4 |  |  |  | 9.8 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 111.4 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 128.7 |  |  |  | 2.6 |  |  |  | 5.3 |  |  |  | 2.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 138.6 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 924.3 |  |  | $ | 710.4 |  |  | $ | 302.5 |  |  | $ | 278.1 |  |  | $ | (6.5 | ) |  | $ | 2,208.8 |

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North America |  | $ | 1,574.7 |  |  | $ | 1,045.8 |  |  | $ | 539.8 |  |  | $ | 509.8 |  |  | $ | (4.5 | ) |  | $ | 3,665.6 |
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 148.1 |  |  |  | 28.4 |  |  |  | 5.9 |  |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 184.0 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 137.4 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 18.7 |  |  |  | 5.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 162.1 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 1,860.2 |  |  | $ | 1,074.9 |  |  | $ | 564.4 |  |  | $ | 516.7 |  |  | $ | (4.5 | ) |  | $ | 4,011.7 |

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OSHKOSH CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Access Equipment |  |  | Defense |  |  | Fire & Emergency |  |  | Commercial |  |  | Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North America |  | $ | 1,275.3 |  |  | $ | 1,233.6 |  |  | $ | 584.2 |  |  | $ | 503.6 |  |  | $ | (12.9 | ) |  | $ | 3,583.8 |
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 158.5 |  |  |  | 88.4 |  |  |  | 23.1 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 271.0 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 228.7 |  |  |  | 3.1 |  |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  | 3.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 243.0 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 1,662.5 |  |  | $ | 1,325.1 |  |  | $ | 615.0 |  |  | $ | 508.1 |  |  | $ | (12.9 | ) |  | $ | 4,097.8 |

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In October 2021, Oshkosh Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Company) changed its fiscal year from a year beginning on October 1 and ending September 30 to a year beginning on January 1 and ending December 31. The Company’s current fiscal year runs from January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022 (fiscal 2022).

Cautionary Statement About Forward-Looking Statements

This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and other sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contain statements that the Company believes to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including, without limitation, statements regarding the Company’s future financial position, business strategy, targets, projected sales, costs, earnings, capital expenditures, debt levels and cash flows, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, including those under the caption “Overview” are forward-looking statements. When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “should,” “project” or “plan” or the negative thereof or variations thereon or similar terminology are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors, some of which are beyond the Company’s control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These factors include the extent of supply chain and logistics disruptions; the Company’s ability to increase prices or impose surcharges to raise margins or to offset higher input costs, including increased raw material, labor and freight costs; the Company’s ability to attract and retain production labor in a timely manner; the cyclical nature of the Company’s access equipment, commercial and fire & emergency markets, which are particularly impacted by the strength of U.S. and European economies and construction seasons; the Company’s estimates of access equipment demand which, among other factors, is influenced by historical customer buying patterns and rental company fleet replacement strategies; the strength of the U.S. dollar and its impact on Company exports, translation of foreign sales and the cost of purchased materials; the Company’s ability to predict the level and timing of orders for indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity contracts with the U.S. federal government; the impact of any U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) solicitation for competition for future contracts to produce military vehicles; the impacts of budget constraints facing the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) and continuously changing demands for postal services; the impact of severe weather, war, natural disasters or pandemics that may affect the Company, its suppliers or its customers; risks related to the collectability of receivables, particularly for those businesses with exposure to construction markets; the cost of any warranty campaigns related to the Company’s products; risks associated with international operations and sales, including compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; risks that a trade war and related tariffs could reduce the competitiveness of the Company’s products; the Company’s ability to comply with complex laws and regulations applicable to U.S. government contractors; cybersecurity risks and costs of defending against, mitigating and responding to data security threats and breaches impacting the Company; the Company’s ability to successfully identify, complete and integrate acquisitions and to realize the anticipated benefits associated with the same; and risks related to the Company’s ability to successfully execute on its strategic road map and meet its long-term financial goals. Additional information concerning these and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements is contained from time to time in the Company’s U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings, including, but not limited to, the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 28, 2022 and Item 1A. of Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

All forward-looking statements, including those under the caption “Overview,” speak only as of the date the Company files this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the SEC. The Company assumes no obligation, and disclaims any obligation, to update information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Investors should be aware that the Company may not update such information until the Company’s next quarterly earnings conference call, if at all.

All references herein to earnings per share refer to earnings per share assuming dilution.

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General

Major products manufactured and marketed by each of the Company’s business segments are as follows:

Access Equipment — aerial work platforms and telehandlers used in a wide variety of construction, industrial, institutional and general maintenance applications to position workers and materials at elevated heights, as well as carriers and wreckers. Access Equipment customers include equipment rental companies, construction contractors, manufacturing companies, home improvement centers and towing companies.

Defense — tactical vehicles, trailers, weapons system integration and parts sold to the U.S. military and to other militaries around the world, delivery vehicles for the USPS, and snow removal vehicles for military and civilian airports.

Fire & Emergency — custom and commercial firefighting vehicles and equipment, aircraft rescue and firefighting (ARFF) vehicles, simulators, mobile command and control vehicles and other emergency vehicles primarily sold to fire departments, airports and other governmental units, as well as broadcast vehicles sold to broadcasters and TV stations.

Commercial — refuse collection vehicles sold to commercial and municipal waste haulers, concrete mixers sold to ready-mix companies and field service vehicles and truck-mounted cranes sold to mining, construction and other companies.

Overview

The Company reported earnings per share of $0.41 for the second quarter of fiscal 2022, down from $3.07 per share for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Results for the three months ended June 30, 2021 included a $69.9 million, or $1.00 per share, tax benefit associated with the carryback of a U.S. net operating loss to prior years with higher federal statutory rates. Results for the second quarter of fiscal 2022 were below the Company’s expectations as supply chain challenges and inflation were greater than anticipated. The Company remains focused on mitigating these impacts and are confident that these headwinds will subside. While the Company has priced for inflation in its non-Defense segments, short-term results have been impacted by the timing between when the price increases can be implemented and the cost increases. The Company started to see the benefit of its previous pricing actions in the second quarter and believes that the impact of higher pricing will become even more impactful in the second half of fiscal 2022.

Consolidated sales in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 decreased 6.5 percent compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021 to $2.07 billion largely as a result of an anticipated decline in Defense segment sales and supply chain disruptions in the Fire & Emergency segment, offset in part by improved pricing.

Consolidated operating income in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 decreased 65.9 percent to $69.4 million, or 3.4 percent of sales, compared to $203.8 million, or 9.2 percent of sales, for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The decrease was primarily due to the impact of the lower sales volume, unfavorable price/cost dynamics, manufacturing inefficiencies, largely associated with supply chain disruptions, and unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts in the Defense segment, offset in part by lower incentive compensation costs. The Company recorded unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts in the Defense segment as a result of cost projections that indicated more persistent inflation.

The lower operating income and an unrealized loss on the Company’s investment in a stock contributed to the decrease in earnings per share in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2021.

The Company’s most recent prior earnings guidance required inflation to moderate and supply chain constraints to improve. These have not occurred. While the Company continues to realize the benefit of pricing, inflation has been more persistent than prior expectations. Significant supply chain disruptions also continue, despite relentless engagement with the Company’s supply base, which is reducing sales volume and increasing manufacturing inefficiencies. As a result of these factors, the Company does not expect to achieve its most recent fiscal 2022 earnings per share guidance range of $4.75 to $5.75. The Company now believes that earnings per share in fiscal 2022 will be in the range of $3.25, including the impact of a $0.25 charge related to taxes on income generated in prior periods for foreign anti-hybrid taxes recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2022. Current supply chain and inflationary conditions make it difficult to provide an accurate updated earnings per share guidance range. The Company’s earnings per share expectation assumes the current supply chain and inflationary conditions will continue through the remainder of the year; if they deteriorate or improve, actual results could differ.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS

The following table presents consolidated results (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |
Net sales |  | $ | 2,066.0 |  |  | $ | 2,208.8 |  |  | $ | (142.8 | ) |  |  | -6.5 | % |  | $ | 4,011.7 |  |  | $ | 4,097.8 |  |  | $ | (86.1 | ) |  |  | -2.1 | %
Cost of sales |  |  | 1,825.9 |  |  |  | 1,824.2 |  |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  | 0.1 | % |  |  | 3,570.3 |  |  |  | 3,398.1 |  |  |  | 172.2 |  |  |  | 5.1 | %
Gross income |  |  | 240.1 |  |  |  | 384.6 |  |  |  | (144.5 | ) |  |  | -37.6 | % |  |  | 441.4 |  |  |  | 699.7 |  |  |  | (258.3 | ) |  |  | -36.9 | %
% of sales |  |  | 11.6 | % |  |  | 17.4 | % |  |  | -580 bps |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11.0 | % |  |  | 17.1 | % |  |  | -610 bps |  |  |  |
SG&A expenses |  |  | 167.9 |  |  |  | 177.6 |  |  |  | (9.7 | ) |  |  | -5.5 | % |  |  | 337.1 |  |  |  | 349.6 |  |  |  | (12.5 | ) |  |  | -3.6 | %
Amortization |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 3.2 |  |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | -12.5 | % |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  | 5.5 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 1.8 | %
Operating income |  |  | 69.4 |  |  |  | 203.8 |  |  |  | (134.4 | ) |  |  | -65.9 | % |  |  | 98.7 |  |  |  | 344.6 |  |  |  | (245.9 | ) |  |  | -71.4 | %
% of sales |  |  | 3.4 | % |  |  | 9.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.5 | % |  |  | 8.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

The following table presents net sales by geographic region based on product shipment destination (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |
North America |  | $ | 1,896.0 |  |  | $ | 1,958.8 |  |  | $ | (62.8 | ) |  |  | -3.2 | % |  | $ | 3,665.6 |  |  | $ | 3,583.8 |  |  | $ | 81.8 |  |  |  | 2.3 | %
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 91.1 |  |  |  | 111.4 |  |  |  | (20.3 | ) |  |  | -18.2 | % |  |  | 184.0 |  |  |  | 271.0 |  |  |  | (87.0 | ) |  |  | -32.1 | %
Rest of the World |  |  | 78.9 |  |  |  | 138.6 |  |  |  | (59.7 | ) |  |  | -43.1 | % |  |  | 162.1 |  |  |  | 243.0 |  |  |  | (80.9 | ) |  |  | -33.3 | %
|  | $ | 2,066.0 |  |  | $ | 2,208.8 |  |  | $ | (142.8 | ) |  |  | -6.5 | % |  | $ | 4,011.7 |  |  | $ | 4,097.8 |  |  | $ | (86.1 | ) |  |  | -2.1 | %

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Consolidated net sales decreased as a result of an anticipated decline in Defense segment sales and lower sales volume in the Fire & Emergency segment largely as a result of supply chain disruptions, offset in part by improved pricing ($114 million).

The decrease in consolidated gross margin was due to higher material & logistics costs (780 basis points), manufacturing inefficiencies (160 basis points) largely as a result of supply chain disruptions and unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts in the Defense segment (110 basis points), offset in part by improved pricing (420 basis points).

The decrease in consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses was generally due to lower incentive compensation costs ($17 million), offset in part by increased travel costs ($2 million) and higher software implementation costs ($2 million).

The decrease in consolidated operating income was primarily due to higher material & logistics costs ($159 million), the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($54 million), manufacturing inefficiencies ($30 million) and unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts in the Defense segment ($23 million), offset in part by improved pricing ($114 million) and lower incentive compensation costs ($25 million).

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Consolidated net sales decreased as a result of lower sales volumes ($235 million) offset in part by improved pricing ($163 million).

The decrease in consolidated gross margin was due to higher material & logistics costs (780 basis points) and manufacturing inefficiencies (120 basis points) largely as a result of supply chain disruptions, offset in part by improved pricing (310 basis points).

The decrease in consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses was generally due to lower incentive compensation costs ($30 million), offset in part by higher reserves for bad debts ($4 million) and higher spending.

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The decrease in consolidated operating income was primarily due to unfavorable material & logistics costs ($312 million), the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($55 million), manufacturing inefficiencies ($48 million) and unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts in the Defense segment ($30 million), offset in part by improved pricing ($163 million) and lower incentive compensation costs ($39 million).

The following table presents consolidated non-operating changes (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |
Interest expense, net of interest income |  | $ | (11.9 | ) |  | $ | (11.7 | ) |  | $ | (0.2 | ) |  | $ | (23.5 | ) |  | $ | (22.9 | ) |  | $ | (0.6 | )
Miscellaneous income (expense) |  |  | (15.1 | ) |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | (15.5 | ) |  |  | (14.0 | ) |  |  | 3.5 |  |  |  | (17.5 | )
Provision for (benefit of) income taxes |  |  | 13.7 |  |  |  | (21.9 | ) |  |  | 35.6 |  |  |  | 33.9 |  |  |  | 11.3 |  |  |  | 22.6 |
Effective tax rate |  |  | 32.3 | % |  |  | -11.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 55.4 | % |  |  | 3.5 | % |  |  |
Gains (losses) of unconsolidated affiliates |  | $ | (1.8 | ) |  | $ | (0.5 | ) |  | $ | (1.3 | ) |  | $ | (2.5 | ) |  | $ | (0.4 | ) |  | $ | (2.1 | )

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Other miscellaneous expense primarily related to gains and losses on investments, foreign currency transaction gains and losses, and non-service costs of the Company’s pension plans. Results for the three months ended June 30, 2022 include an unrealized loss of $11.2 million on a stock.

During the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Company elected certain tax accounting method changes and changed the timing of certain deductible payments, which generated a significant net operating loss, which the Company was able to carryback to prior years with higher federal statutory rates. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2021 reflects a net discrete tax benefit of $69.9 million related to this carryback.

Gains and losses of unconsolidated affiliates primarily represented changes in the Company’s equity method investments.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Other miscellaneous expense primarily related to gains and losses on investments, foreign currency transaction gains and losses, and non-service costs of the Company’s pension plans. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2022 include an unrealized loss of $8.6 million on a stock.

The provision for income taxes for the six months ended June 30, 2022 included a charge of $18.1 million related to taxes on income generated in prior periods as the Company revised its interpretation of certain foreign anti-hybrid tax legislation based upon comments from the corresponding taxing authorities in the first quarter of fiscal 2022. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2021 included discrete tax benefits of $67.3 million, primarily related to the carryback of a net operating loss to previous tax years with higher federal statutory tax rates.

Gains and losses of unconsolidated affiliates primarily represented changes in the Company’s equity method investments.

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SEGMENT RESULTS

Access Equipment

The following table presents the Access Equipment segment results (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |
Net sales |  | $ | 977.1 |  |  | $ | 924.3 |  |  | $ | 52.8 |  |  |  | 5.7 | % |  | $ | 1,860.2 |  |  | $ | 1,662.5 |  |  | $ | 197.7 |  |  |  | 11.9 | %
Cost of sales |  |  | 852.2 |  |  |  | 754.3 |  |  |  | 97.9 |  |  |  | 13.0 | % |  |  | 1,669.5 |  |  |  | 1,357.6 |  |  |  | 311.9 |  |  |  | 23.0 | %
Gross income |  |  | 124.9 |  |  |  | 170.0 |  |  |  | (45.1 | ) |  |  | -26.5 | % |  |  | 190.7 |  |  |  | 304.9 |  |  |  | (114.2 | ) |  |  | -37.5 | %
% of sales |  |  | 12.8 | % |  |  | 18.4 | % |  |  | -560 bps |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.3 | % |  |  | 18.3 | % |  |  | -810 bps |  |  |  |
SG&A expenses |  |  | 55.4 |  |  |  | 56.9 |  |  |  | (1.5 | ) |  |  | -2.6 | % |  |  | 113.6 |  |  |  | 111.2 |  |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |  | 2.2 | %
Amortization |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.0 | %
Operating income |  |  | 69.4 |  |  |  | 113.0 |  |  |  | (43.6 | ) |  |  | -38.6 | % |  |  | 76.9 |  |  |  | 193.5 |  |  |  | (116.6 | ) |  |  | -60.3 | %
% of sales |  |  | 7.1 | % |  |  | 12.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4.1 | % |  |  | 11.6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Access Equipment segment net sales increased as a result of higher pricing ($86 million) in response to higher input costs, offset in part by lower sales volume in China and Europe.

The decrease in gross margin in the Access Equipment segment was due to unfavorable material & logistics costs (1340 basis points), offset in part by improved pricing (660 basis points) and favorable mix (90 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Access Equipment segment was primarily due to unfavorable material & logistics costs ($128 million) and manufacturing inefficiencies ($15 million), largely associated with supply chain challenges, offset in part by improved pricing ($86 million) and lower incentive compensation costs ($10 million).

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Access Equipment segment net sales increased as a result of improved pricing ($114 million) and increased volume ($94 million). Volume increases in North America outpaced the sales decline outside of North America.

The decrease in gross margin in the Access Equipment segment was due to unfavorable material & logistics costs (1360 basis points), offset in part by improved pricing (450 basis points) and favorable mix (120 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Access Equipment segment was primarily due to unfavorable material & logistics costs ($251 million) and manufacturing inefficiencies ($30 million), largely associated with supply chain challenges, offset in part by improved pricing ($114 million), the impact of higher gross margin associated with higher sales volume ($24 million) and favorable mix ($22 million).

Defense

The following table presents the Defense segment results (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |
Net sales |  | $ | 539.3 |  |  | $ | 710.4 |  |  | $ | (171.1 | ) |  |  | -24.1 | % |  | $ | 1,074.9 |  |  | $ | 1,325.1 |  |  | $ | (250.2 | ) |  |  | -18.9 | %
Cost of sales |  |  | 501.9 |  |  |  | 615.6 |  |  |  | (113.7 | ) |  |  | -18.5 | % |  |  | 985.0 |  |  |  | 1,160.9 |  |  |  | (175.9 | ) |  |  | -15.2 | %
Gross income |  |  | 37.4 |  |  |  | 94.8 |  |  |  | (57.4 | ) |  |  | -60.5 | % |  |  | 89.9 |  |  |  | 164.2 |  |  |  | (74.3 | ) |  |  | -45.2 | %
% of sales |  |  | 6.9 | % |  |  | 13.3 | % |  |  | -640 bps |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.4 | % |  |  | 12.4 | % |  |  | -400 bps |  |  |  |
SG&A expenses |  |  | 33.8 |  |  |  | 33.1 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 2.1 | % |  |  | 65.3 |  |  |  | 66.1 |  |  |  | (0.8 | ) |  |  | -1.2 | %
Amortization |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | -21.1 | % |  |  | 3.1 |  |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 10.7 | %
Operating income |  |  | 2.1 |  |  |  | 59.8 |  |  |  | (57.7 | ) |  |  | -96.5 | % |  |  | 21.5 |  |  |  | 95.3 |  |  |  | (73.8 | ) |  |  | -77.4 | %
% of sales |  |  | 0.4 | % |  |  | 8.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.0 | % |  |  | 7.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

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Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Defense segment net sales decreased as a result of lower volume ($147 million) as U.S. Government funding for the Company’s tactical wheeled vehicle programs has decreased in recent years and unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts due to higher anticipated material costs ($24 million).

The decrease in gross margin in the Defense segment was due to unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts due to higher anticipated material costs (430 basis points), unfavorable product mix (160 basis points) and higher engineering and new product development spending on lower sales volume (80 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Defense segment was primarily a result of unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts due to higher anticipated material costs ($23 million) and the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($25 million).

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Defense segment net sales decreased as U.S. Government funding for the Company’s tactical wheeled vehicle programs has decreased in recent years.

The decrease in gross margin in the Defense segment was due to unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts due to higher anticipated material costs (260 basis points) and unfavorable product mix (190 basis points), offset in part by lower warranty costs (70 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Defense segment was primarily a result of the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($37 million), unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments on contracts due to higher anticipated material costs ($30 million) and unfavorable product mix ($20 million), partially offset by lower warranty costs ($11 million).

Fire & Emergency

The following table presents the Fire & Emergency segment results (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |
Net sales |  | $ | 276.5 |  |  | $ | 302.5 |  |  | $ | (26.0 | ) |  |  | -8.6 | % |  | $ | 564.4 |  |  | $ | 615.0 |  |  | $ | (50.6 | ) |  |  | -8.2 | %
Cost of sales |  |  | 233.4 |  |  |  | 234.4 |  |  |  | (1.0 | ) |  |  | -0.4 | % |  |  | 474.4 |  |  |  | 476.9 |  |  |  | (2.5 | ) |  |  | -0.5 | %
Gross income |  |  | 43.1 |  |  |  | 68.1 |  |  |  | (25.0 | ) |  |  | -36.7 | % |  |  | 90.0 |  |  |  | 138.1 |  |  |  | (48.1 | ) |  |  | -34.8 | %
% of sales |  |  | 15.6 | % |  |  | 22.5 | % |  |  | -690 bps |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15.9 | % |  |  | 22.5 | % |  |  | -650 bps |  |  |  |
SG&A expenses |  |  | 20.0 |  |  |  | 23.3 |  |  |  | (3.3 | ) |  |  | -14.2 | % |  |  | 44.2 |  |  |  | 45.5 |  |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  |  | -2.9 | %
Amortization |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | -14.3 | %
Operating income |  |  | 22.8 |  |  |  | 44.5 |  |  |  | (21.7 | ) |  |  | -48.8 | % |  |  | 45.2 |  |  |  | 91.9 |  |  |  | (46.7 | ) |  |  | -50.8 | %
% of sales |  |  | 8.2 | % |  |  | 14.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.0 | % |  |  | 14.9 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Fire & Emergency segment net sales decreased due to lower fire truck deliveries as parts shortages have limited the segment’s ability to complete units.

The decrease in gross margin in the Fire & Emergency segment was primarily attributable to higher material & logistics costs (440 basis points) and manufacturing inefficiencies (350 basis points), largely associated with parts shortages and labor availability, offset in part by improved pricing (160 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Fire & Emergency segment was largely a result of higher material & logistics costs ($12 million), manufacturing inefficiencies ($10 million), the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($9 million), offset in part by improved pricing ($6 million) and lower incentive compensation costs ($4 million).

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Fire & Emergency segment net sales decreased due to lower fire truck deliveries ($40 million) and lower ARFF vehicle volume ($22 million), partially offset by improved pricing ($13 million).

The decrease in gross margin in the Fire & Emergency segment was primarily attributable to higher material & logistics costs (370 basis points), manufacturing inefficiencies (320 basis points), largely associated with parts shortages and labor availability, and unfavorable product mix (80 basis points), offset in part by improved pricing (150 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Fire & Emergency segment was largely a result of higher material & logistics costs ($21 million), manufacturing inefficiencies ($18 million) and the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($18 million), offset in part by improved pricing ($13 million).

Commercial

The following table presents the Commercial segment results (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |
Net sales |  | $ | 275.3 |  |  | $ | 278.1 |  |  | $ | (2.8 | ) |  |  | -1.0 | % |  | $ | 516.7 |  |  | $ | 508.1 |  |  | $ | 8.6 |  |  |  | 1.7 | %
Cost of sales |  |  | 237.1 |  |  |  | 225.5 |  |  |  | 11.6 |  |  |  | 5.1 | % |  |  | 439.6 |  |  |  | 415.8 |  |  |  | 23.8 |  |  |  | 5.7 | %
Gross income |  |  | 38.2 |  |  |  | 52.6 |  |  |  | (14.4 | ) |  |  | -27.4 | % |  |  | 77.1 |  |  |  | 92.3 |  |  |  | (15.2 | ) |  |  | -16.5 | %
% of sales |  |  | 13.9 | % |  |  | 18.9 | % |  |  | -500 bps |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14.9 | % |  |  | 18.2 | % |  |  | -320 bps |  |  |  |
SG&A expenses |  |  | 22.2 |  |  |  | 22.1 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 0.5 | % |  |  | 46.0 |  |  |  | 42.1 |  |  |  | 3.9 |  |  |  | 9.3 | %
Amortization |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | -5.6 | %
Operating income |  |  | 15.1 |  |  |  | 29.6 |  |  |  | (14.5 | ) |  |  | -49.0 | % |  |  | 29.4 |  |  |  | 48.4 |  |  |  | (19.0 | ) |  |  | -39.3 | %
% of sales |  |  | 5.5 | % |  |  | 10.6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5.7 | % |  |  | 9.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Commercial segment net sales decreased as a result of lower sales volume ($33 million), primarily refuse collection vehicles and front discharge concrete mixers, partially offset by higher pricing ($22 million) in response to higher input costs and favorable product mix due to a greater percentage of sales that included a third-party chassis ($9 million).

The decrease in gross margin in the Commercial segment was primarily attributable to unfavorable material & logistics costs (670 basis points) and manufacturing inefficiencies (420 basis points), largely associated with parts shortages, offset in part by improved pricing (580 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Commercial segment was primarily due to higher material & logistics costs ($18 million), manufacturing inefficiencies ($12 million) and the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($9 million), offset in part by improved pricing ($22 million).

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Commercial segment net sales increased as a result of higher pricing ($36 million) in response to higher input costs and favorable product mix primarily due to a greater percentage of sales that included a third-party chassis ($23 million), partially offset by lower sales volume ($49 million), primarily of front discharge concrete mixers.

The decrease in gross margin in the Commercial segment was primarily attributable to unfavorable material & logistics costs (780 basis points) and manufacturing inefficiencies (320 basis points), largely associated with parts shortages, offset in part by improved pricing (510 basis points) and favorable product mix (240 basis points).

The decrease in operating income in the Commercial segment was primarily due to higher material & logistics costs ($40 million), manufacturing inefficiencies ($17 million) and the impact of lower gross margin associated with lower sales volume ($13 million), offset in part by improved pricing ($36 million) and favorable product mix ($18 million).

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Corporate and Intersegment Eliminations

The following table presents the corporate costs and intersegment eliminations (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | Change |  |  | % Change |
Net sales |  | $ | (2.2 | ) |  | $ | (6.5 | ) |  | $ | 4.3 |  |  |  | -66.2 | % |  | $ | (4.5 | ) |  | $ | (12.9 | ) |  | $ | 8.4 |  |  |  | -65.1 | %
Cost of sales |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | (5.6 | ) |  |  | 6.9 |  |  |  | -123.2 | % |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  | (13.1 | ) |  |  | 14.9 |  |  |  | -113.7 | %
Gross income |  |  | (3.5 | ) |  |  | (0.9 | ) |  |  | (2.6 | ) |  |  | 288.9 | % |  |  | (6.3 | ) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | (6.5 | ) |  |  | -3250.0 | %
Operating expenses |  |  | 36.5 |  |  |  | 42.2 |  |  |  | (5.7 | ) |  |  | -13.5 | % |  |  | 68.0 |  |  |  | 84.7 |  |  |  | (16.7 | ) |  |  | -19.7 | %
Operating income |  |  | (40.0 | ) |  |  | (43.1 | ) |  |  | 3.1 |  |  |  | -7.2 | % |  |  | (74.3 | ) |  |  | (84.5 | ) |  |  | 10.2 |  |  |  | -12.1 | %

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Corporate operating expenses decreased primarily as a result of lower incentive compensation costs ($6 million).

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Corporate operating expenses decreased primarily as a result of lower incentive compensation costs ($11 million) and the timing of healthcare charges to the segments ($9 million), offset in part by costs associated with the change in the Company’s fiscal year end ($2 million).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company generates significant capital resources from operating activities, which is the expected primary source of funding for the Company. In addition to cash generated from operations, the Company had other sources of liquidity available at June 30, 2022, including $397.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and $1,088.4 million of unused available capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility (as defined in “Liquidity”). Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility could, as discussed below, be limited by a financial covenant contained in the Credit Agreement (as defined in “Liquidity”). The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant at June 30, 2022 and expects to remain in compliance with the financial covenant contained in the Credit Agreement for the foreseeable future.

The Company continues to actively monitor its liquidity position and working capital needs and prioritizes capital expenditures related to capacity and strategic investments. The Company remains in a stable overall capital resources and liquidity position that the Company believes is adequate to meet its projected needs. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased $155 million in shares of its Common Stock. The Company’s Board of Directors increased the Company’s repurchase authorization to 12 million shares on May 3, 2022. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had approximately 11.6 million shares of Common Stock remaining under its repurchase authorization.

Financial Condition at June 30, 2022

The Company’s capitalization was as follows (in millions):

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 397.4 |  |  | $ | 995.7 |
Total debt |  |  | 604.6 |  |  |  | 819.0 |
Total shareholders’ equity |  |  | 2,877.0 |  |  |  | 3,076.4 |
Total capitalization (debt plus equity) |  |  | 3,481.6 |  |  |  | 3,895.4 |
Debt to total capitalization |  |  | 17.4 | % |  |  | 21.0 | %

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The Company’s ratio of debt to total capitalization of 17.4% at June 30, 2022 remained within its targeted range. The Company’s goal is to maintain an investment-grade credit rating. The rating agencies periodically update the Company’s credit ratings as events or changes in economic conditions occur. At June 30, 2022, the long-term credit ratings assigned to the Company’s senior debt securities by the credit rating agencies engaged by the Company were as follows:

Rating Agency |  | Rating
Fitch Ratings |  | BBB-
Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. |  | Baa3
Standards & Poor’s |  | BBB

Consolidated days sales outstanding (defined as “Trade Receivables” at quarter end divided by “Net Sales” for the most recent quarter multiplied by 90 days) increased from 46 days at December 31, 2021 to 50 days at June 30, 2022 as a result of an increase in Defense segment days sales outstanding due to a delay in the customer accepting units during the second quarter of fiscal 2022. Days sales outstanding for segments other than the Defense segment decreased from 53 days at December 31, 2021 to 51 days at June 30, 2022. Consolidated inventory turns (defined as “Cost of Sales” on an annualized basis, divided by the average “Inventory” at the past five quarter end periods) increased from 4.9 times at December 31, 2021 to 5.0 times at June 30, 2022.

Cash Flows

Operating Cash Flows

Operating activities used $22.9 million of cash in the first six months of fiscal 2022 compared to the generation of $448.7 million of cash during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Lower net income during the first six months of fiscal 2022 and a significant increase in inventory due to global supply chain challenges that have delayed the Company’s ability to complete units was offset in part by higher customer advances.

Investing Cash Flows

Investing activities used cash of $139.2 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022 compared to $153.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Through June 30, 2022, the Company utilized $110.3 million for capital expenditures. The Company anticipates that it will spend $345 million on capital expenditures in fiscal 2022. The expected increase in capital spending in fiscal 2022 reflects the set-up of the manufacturing plant in Spartanburg, SC, to produce Next Generation Delivery Vehicles (NGDV) for the USPS for which the Company will largely receive customer advances.

Financing Cash Flows

Financing activities used cash of $425.4 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022 compared to $25.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in cash utilized for financing activities was due to the repayment of the Company’s $225 million term loan and an increase in Common Stock repurchases under authorizations approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. In the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 1,508,467 shares of its Common Stock at an aggregate cost of $155.0 million. In the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company repurchased 107,138 shares of its Common Stock at an aggregate cost of $13.0 million.

Liquidity

Senior Credit Agreement

On March 23, 2022, the Company entered into a Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement provides for an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) that matures in March 2027 with an initial maximum aggregate amount of availability of $1.1 billion.

Under the Credit Agreement, the Company is obligated to pay (i) an unused commitment fee ranging from 0.080% to 0.225% per annum of the average daily unused portion of the aggregate revolving credit commitments under the Credit Agreement and

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(ii) a fee ranging from 0.4375% to 1.500% per annum of the maximum amount available to be drawn for each letter of credit issued and outstanding under the Credit Agreement.

Covenant Compliance

The Credit Agreement contains various restrictions and covenants, including a requirement that the Company maintain a leverage ratio at certain levels, subject to certain exceptions, restrictions on the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to consolidate or merge, create liens, incur additional subsidiary indebtedness and consummate acquisitions and a restriction on the disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant contained in the Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2022 and expects to be able to meet the financial covenant contained in the Credit Agreement over the next twelve months.

Senior Notes

In May 2018, the Company issued $300.0 million of 4.600% unsecured senior notes due May 15, 2028 (the “2028 Senior Notes”). In February 2020, the Company issued $300.0 million of 3.100% unsecured senior notes due March 1, 2030 (the “2030 Senior Notes”) at a discount of $1.2 million. The 2028 Senior Notes and the 2030 Senior Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture (the “Indenture”) between the Company and a trustee. The Indenture contains customary affirmative and negative covenants. The Company has the option to redeem the 2028 Senior Notes and 2030 Senior Notes at any time for a premium.

Refer to Note 11 to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company’s debt as of June 30, 2022.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires the Company to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. The accounting policies that the Company believes are most critical to the portrayal of its financial condition and results of operations are reported in Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2021.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The Company’s disclosures of critical accounting estimates in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2021 have not materially changed since that report was filed.

New Accounting Standards

There are no significant impacts of new accounting standards on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Customers and Backlog

Sales to the U.S. government comprised approximately 26% of the Company’s net sales in the six months ended June 30, 2022. No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s net sales for this period. A substantial majority of the Company’s net sales are derived from the fulfillment of customer orders that are received prior to commencing production.

The Company’s backlog at June 30, 2022 increased 89.8% to $13.03 billion compared to $6.86 billion at June 30, 2021. Access Equipment segment backlog increased 127.2% to $3.97 billion at June 30, 2022 compared to $1.75 billion at June 30, 2021 as the re-opening of economies coming out of the pandemic and elevated customer fleet ages drove higher demand. Defense segment backlog increased 84.4% to $6.27 billion at June 30, 2022 compared to $3.40 billion at June 30, 2021 primarily due to the initial vehicle order from the USPS for the NGDV program. Fire & Emergency segment backlog increased 82.4% to $2.22 billion at June 30, 2022 compared to $1.22 billion at June 30, 2021 due to strong demand for fire trucks coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although Fire & Emergency segment backlog is at a record level, orders softened for ARFF vehicles due to

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the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on airport budgets. Commercial segment backlog increased 14.1% to $568.3 million at June 30, 2022 compared to $498.1 million at June 30, 2021 due to improved market demand for refuse collection vehicles as demand rebounded following the re-opening of economies. Global supply chain challenges and the associated delays in production are also leading to higher backlogs in the Access Equipment, Fire & Emergency and Commercial segments.

Backlog represents the dollar amount of revenues that the Company anticipates from customer contracts that have been awarded and/or in progress. Reported backlog includes the original contract amount and any contract modifications that have been agreed upon. Reported backlog excludes purchase options, announced orders for which definitive contracts have not been executed and any potential future contract modifications. Backlog is comprised of fixed and variable priced contracts that may be canceled, modified or otherwise changed in the future. As a result, backlog may not be indicative of future operating results. Backlog information and comparisons thereof as of different dates may not be accurate indicators of future sales or the ratio of the Company’s future sales to the DoD versus its sales to other customers. Approximately 65% of the Company’s June 30, 2022 backlog is not expected to be filled in fiscal 2022.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITA TIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company’s quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk for changes in interest rates and commodity risk, which are incorporated by reference to Item 7A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2021, have not materially changed since that report was filed.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, the Company’s management evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2022. Based upon their evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2022 to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time period specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, with the exception of those changes related to the implementation of the Company's new consolidation software, that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHE R INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEG AL PROCEEDINGS

None.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

The Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows are subject to various risks, many of which are not exclusively within the Company’s control, which may cause actual performance to differ materially from historical or projected future performance. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Item 1A. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2021, which have not materially changed.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF E QUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Common Stock Repurchases

The following table sets forth information with respect to purchases of Common Stock made by the Company or on the Company’s behalf during the three months ended June 30, 2022:

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) |  |  | Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) |
April 1 - April 30 |  |  | 307,835 |  |  | $ | 97.47 |  |  |  | 307,835 |  |  |  | 4,109,419 |
May 1 - May 31 |  |  | 449,323 |  |  | $ | 89.04 |  |  |  | 449,323 |  |  |  | 11,550,677 |
June 1 - June 30 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,550,677 |
Total |  |  | 757,158 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 757,158 |  |  |  | 11,550,677 |

(1)
In May 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a Common Stock repurchase authorization for which there was remaining authority to repurchase 4,109,419 shares of Common Stock as of May 3, 2022. On May 3, 2022, the Board of Directors increased the Common Stock repurchase authorization by 7,890,581 shares to 12,000,000 shares as of that date. The Company repurchased 1,508,467 shares of Common Stock under these authorizations during the six months ended June 30, 2022 at a cost of $155.0 million. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had remaining authority to repurchase 11,550,677 shares of Common Stock. The Company can use the current authorization at any time as there is no expiration date associated with the authorization. From time to time, the Company may enter into a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan for the purpose of repurchasing shares under this authorization.

The Company intends to declare and pay dividends on a regular basis. However, the payment of future dividends is at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors and will depend upon, among other things, future earnings and cash flows, capital requirements, the Company’s general financial condition, general business conditions and other factors.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit No. | Description
31.1 | Certification by the President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, dated July 28, 2022.
31.2 | Certification by the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, dated July 28, 2022.
32.1 | Written Statement of the President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, dated July 28, 2022.
32.2 | Written Statement of the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, dated July 28, 2022.
101.INS | The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

* Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

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SIGNA TURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | OSHKOSH CORPORATION
July 28, 2022 | By | /s/ John C. Pfeifer
|  | John C. Pfeifer, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
July 28, 2022 | By | /s/ Michael E. Pack
|  | Michael E. Pack, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
July 28, 2022 | By | /s/ James C. Freeders
|  | James C. Freeders, Senior Vice President Finance and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)

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