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Business Segment Information | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Business Segment Information | 20. Business Segment Information The Chief Executive Officer is the Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM). The CODM uses operating income to measure performance of the Company's segments, allocate resources and make operating decisions. Operating income is utilized during the Company’s budgeting and forecasting process to assess segment profitability and enable decision making regarding strategic initiatives, capital investments and other resources. The CODM regularly evaluates operating income compared to prior year and forecasted results. The Company’s reportable segments, which are organized on the basis of similar products, markets and operating factors, are as follows: Access: This segment consists of the JLG and Jerr-Dan brands. JLG designs and manufactures mobile aerial work platforms and telehandlers and low-level access solutions that are sold worldwide for use in a wide variety of construction, industrial, institutional and general maintenance applications to position workers and materials at elevated heights. JerrDan designs and manufactures towing and recovery vehicles. Access customers include equipment rental companies, construction contractors, manufacturing companies, home improvement centers and towing companies. Vocational: This segment includes the Pierce, Maxi-Metal, Oshkosh AeroTech, Oshkosh Airport Products, McNeilus, IMT, Frontline and Oshkosh S-Series brands. Pierce and Maxi-Metal design and manufacture commercial and customer fire apparatus vehicles primarily for fire departments, airports and other governmental units. Oshkosh AeroTech and Oshkosh Airport Products design and manufacture aviation ground support products, gate equipment and aircraft rescue and firefighting vehicles and provide airport services to commercial airlines, airports, air-freight carriers, ground handling customers and militaries. McNeilus designs and manufactures refuse and recycling collection vehicles. IMT designs and manufactures field service vehicles and truck-mounted cranes for niche markets. Frontline designs and manufactures simulators, command vehicles and other communication vehicles. Oshkosh S-Series designs and manufactures front-discharge concrete mixer vehicles. Defense: This segment consists of the Oshkosh Defense brand. Oshkosh Defense designs and manufactures tactical wheeled vehicles and supplies parts and services for the U.S. military and for other militaries around the world, as well as delivery vehicles for the USPS. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, for purposes of business segment performance measurement, the Company does not allocate to individual business segments costs or items that are of a non-operating nature or organizational or functional expenses of a corporate nature. The caption “Corporate and other” includes Pratt Miller, corporate office expenses, certain new product development costs, stock-based compensation, costs of certain business initiatives and shared services or operations benefiting multiple segments and results of insignificant operations. Selected financial information relating to the Company’s reportable segments and product lines is as follows (in millions):
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |
Access |  |  |  |  |  |
Aerial work platforms |  | $ | 450.8 |  |  | $ | 591.0 |
Telehandlers |  |  | 244.5 |  |  |  | 373.4 |
Other |  |  | 261.8 |  |  |  | 273.1 |
Total Access |  |  | 957.1 |  |  |  | 1,237.5 |
Vocational |  |  |  |  |  |
Municipal fire apparatus(a) |  |  | 329.8 |  |  |  | 305.5 |
Airport products(a) |  |  | 225.3 |  |  |  | 198.1 |
Refuse and recycling vehicles |  |  | 205.5 |  |  |  | 147.3 |
Other(a) |  |  | 106.2 |  |  |  | 121.5 |
Total Vocational |  |  | 866.8 |  |  |  | 772.4 |
Defense (b) |  |  |  |  |  |
Defense |  |  | 412.7 |  |  |  | 509.1 |
Delivery vehicles |  |  | 50.3 |  |  |  | — |
Total Defense |  |  | 463.0 |  |  |  | 509.1 |
Corporate and other (b) |  |  | 25.9 |  |  |  | 24.8 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 2,312.8 |  |  | $ | 2,543.8 |
(a) Results for 2024 have been reclassified to reflect the separate presentation of the airport products product line. (b) Results for 2024 have been reclassified to reflect the move of Pratt Miller from the Defense segment to Corporate and Other.
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |
|  | Access |  |  | Vocational |  |  | Defense |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Consolidated |
Net Sales |  | $ | 957.1 |  |  | $ | 866.8 |  |  | $ | 463.0 |  |  | $ | 25.9 |  |  | $ | 2,312.8 |
Cost of sales (excluding R&D) |  |  | 749.7 |  |  |  | 655.6 |  |  |  | 434.8 |  |  |  | 24.0 |  |  |  | 1,864.1 |
Research and development |  |  | 21.3 |  |  |  | 18.2 |  |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 48.8 |
Gross income |  |  | 186.1 |  |  |  | 193.0 |  |  |  | 25.7 |  |  |  | (4.9 | ) |  |  | 399.9 |
Employee compensation |  |  | 41.0 |  |  |  | 34.3 |  |  |  | 12.9 |  |  |  | 34.3 |  |  |  | 122.5 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles |  |  | 3.4 |  |  |  | 9.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 13.5 |
Other segment items(a) |  |  | 38.6 |  |  |  | 31.5 |  |  |  | 12.2 |  |  |  | 6.2 |  |  |  | 88.5 |
Operating income |  | $ | 103.1 |  |  | $ | 117.8 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  | $ | (46.1 | ) |  |  | 175.4 |
Interest expense, net of interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (25.0 | )
Miscellaneous, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.5 |
Income before income taxes and losses of unconsolidated affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 150.9 |
(a) Includes outside services and consulting, software and information technology, travel, office expenses, depreciation, advertising, lease expense and other miscellaneous SG&A expenses.
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
|  | Access |  |  | Vocational |  |  | Defense(a) |  |  | Corporate and Other(a) |  |  | Consolidated |
Net Sales |  | $ | 1,237.5 |  |  | $ | 772.4 |  |  | $ | 509.1 |  |  | $ | 24.8 |  |  | $ | 2,543.8 |
Cost of sales (excluding R&D) |  |  | 941.5 |  |  |  | 611.1 |  |  |  | 460.2 |  |  |  | 21.7 |  |  |  | 2,034.5 |
Research and development |  |  | 17.4 |  |  |  | 10.8 |  |  |  | 7.3 |  |  |  | 3.8 |  |  |  | 39.3 |
Gross income |  |  | 278.6 |  |  |  | 150.5 |  |  |  | 41.6 |  |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  |  | 470.0 |
Employee compensation |  |  | 38.0 |  |  |  | 31.9 |  |  |  | 14.4 |  |  |  | 33.9 |  |  |  | 118.2 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | 9.9 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 13.5 |
Other segment items(b) |  |  | 30.2 |  |  |  | 28.6 |  |  |  | 13.9 |  |  |  | 5.9 |  |  |  | 78.6 |
Operating income |  | $ | 208.1 |  |  | $ | 80.1 |  |  | $ | 13.3 |  |  | $ | (41.8 | ) |  |  | 259.7 |
Interest expense, net of interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (20.8 | )
Miscellaneous, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (2.0 | )
Income before income taxes and losses of unconsolidated affiliates |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 236.9 |
(a) Results have been reclassified to reflect the move of Pratt Miller from the Defense segment to Corporate and Other. (b) Includes outside services and consulting, software and information technology, travel, office expenses, depreciation, advertising, lease expense and other miscellaneous SG&A expenses.
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2025 |  |  | 2024 |
Depreciation and amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |
Access |  | $ | 18.7 |  |  | $ | 14.3 |
Vocational |  |  | 21.2 |  |  |  | 20.0 |
Defense |  |  | 7.6 |  |  |  | 5.7 |
Corporate and Other |  |  | 6.1 |  |  |  | 6.6 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 53.6 |  |  | $ | 46.6 |
Capital expenditures(a): |  |  |  |  |  |
Access |  | $ | 25.2 |  |  | $ | 26.3 |
Vocational |  |  | 13.5 |  |  |  | 30.2 |
Defense |  |  | 5.2 |  |  |  | 43.3 |
Corporate and Other |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 3.1 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 44.7 |  |  | $ | 102.9 |
(a) Capital expenditures include the purchase of both property, plant and equipment and equipment held for rental. Total assets by segment are not disclosed as the Company's CODM does not use total assets by segment to evaluate segment performance or allocate resources and capital. The following tables present net sales by geographic region based on product shipment destination (in millions):
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |
|  | Access |  |  | Vocational |  |  | Defense |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 703.0 |  |  | $ | 797.1 |  |  | $ | 304.9 |  |  | $ | 23.0 |  |  | $ | 1,828.0 |
Other North America |  |  | 51.4 |  |  |  | 42.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 93.7 |
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 144.6 |  |  |  | 16.1 |  |  |  | 138.2 |  |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 301.7 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 58.1 |  |  |  | 11.3 |  |  |  | 19.9 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 89.4 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 957.1 |  |  | $ | 866.8 |  |  | $ | 463.0 |  |  | $ | 25.9 |  |  | $ | 2,312.8 |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
|  | Access |  |  | Vocational |  |  | Defense (a) |  |  | Corporate and Other (a) |  |  | Total |
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 989.7 |  |  | $ | 707.9 |  |  | $ | 434.0 |  |  | $ | 23.5 |  |  | $ | 2,155.1 |
Other North America |  |  | 42.2 |  |  |  | 46.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 88.8 |
Europe, Africa and Middle East |  |  | 106.0 |  |  |  | 10.1 |  |  |  | 74.9 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | 192.0 |
Rest of the World |  |  | 99.6 |  |  |  | 8.1 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 107.9 |
Consolidated |  | $ | 1,237.5 |  |  | $ | 772.4 |  |  | $ | 509.1 |  |  | $ | 24.8 |  |  | $ | 2,543.8 |
(a) Results have been reclassified to reflect the move of Pratt Miller from the Defense segment to Corporate and Other.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 48 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards 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