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Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Business Description and Accounting Policies [Text Block] |
| 1. | Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business - Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries (“we”, the “Company”, or “Innodata”) is a global services and technology company focused on data transformation, enrichment, and management. Through Innodata’s data refinery platform and related products and services, we enable the world’s preeminent media, publishing and information services companies, as well as data-driven enterprises, to improve operational efficiency, drive growth, and bring new data-enabled products to market. Innodata Labs, the Company’s technology incubator, focuses on applied machine learning and emerging artificial intelligence. The Company, founded in 1988, consists of a team of over 3,500 diverse people in eight countries. The Company operates in three reporting segments: Digital Data Solutions (DDS) which is the Company’s core business, Agility PR Solutions (Agility), and Synodex. Agility and Synodex are venture businesses that utilize the Company’s capabilities and assets to provide digital workflow products to new markets. Prior to the first quarter of 2018, the Company referred to the Agility segment as Media Intelligence Solutions (MIS) and the Synodex segment as Innodata Advanced Data Solutions (IADS), and reported the results of the Innodata docGenix, LLC subsidiary (docGenix) within the IADS segment. Effective with the first quarter of 2018, the results for docGenix are reported within the DDS segment. As of June 30, 2018, Innodata Inc. owned 94% of docGenix. The Company’s DDS segment provides solutions to digital retailers, information services companies, publishers and enterprises that have one or more of the following broad business requirements: development of digital content; development of new digital information products; or operational support of existing digital information products and systems. By blending consulting, technology and global operations with deep domain expertise, we provide measurable outcomes for publishing companies, information services companies, and enterprises through digital business transformation, accelerating innovation and efficiency of operations. The Company’s Synodex segment designs and develops new capabilities to enable clients in the insurance and healthcare sectors to transform medical records into useable digital data and to apply technologies to the data to augment decision support. The Company’s Synodex segment operates through the Company’s Innodata Synodex, LLC subsidiary. As of June 30, 2018, Innodata Inc. owned 91% of Innodata Synodex, LLC. The Company’s Agility segment provides public relations (“PR”) tools and related managed services that enable PR and communications professionals to identify influencers, amplify messages, monitor coverage, and measure the impact of campaigns. Agility’s software-as-a-service (SaaS) tools include:
|  | Media contact database and email distribution capabilities to help PR professionals find and connect with journalists and influencers. The Agility media contact database includes detailed contact information of over 800,000 journalists, outlets, bloggers and influencers around the globe.
|  | Media monitoring to help PR professionals track what is being said about their brand, industry or competitors. Users can monitor and report on coverage across print, broadcast, online and social media sources. With Agility’s self-service monitoring tool Agility Plus, users can create topic alerts, email news briefs/clipbooks, and pre-made executive reports to help analyze PR campaign reach and effectiveness.
Agility’s managed services include:
|  | Full-service media monitoring and PR analytic services. Our team of media analysts use our SaaS monitoring solution to pull coverage and hand curate daily news briefs to eliminate noise and duplicates and add context and sentiment. This enterprise-grade media monitoring solution is for clients with complex monitoring or reporting requirements.
|  | Advanced PR reporting and analysis services including custom reports, PR measurement and social media / influencer analysis.
Agility also owns Bulldog Reporter, a publisher of PR-related news and insights, the Daily Dog, a well-known daily e-newsletter, and the Bulldog Awards, the only PR awards program judged exclusively by working journalists. The Bulldog Awards program recognizes overall outstanding performance among PR and communications professionals as well as accomplishments in diverse categories including corporate social responsibility, media relations, digital and social marketing, and not-for-profit activity. Basis of Presentation - The condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods included herein are unaudited; however, they contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2018 and the results of its operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and cash flows and stockholders’ equity for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2017, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless otherwise noted, the accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in the December 31, 2017 consolidated financial statements. Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Innodata Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Agility PR Solutions Canada, a corporation in which the Company owns substantially all of the economic interest, and the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies that are majority-owned by the Company. The non-controlling interests in the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) non-controlling interest guidance. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates - In preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived assets, intangible assets, goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of securities underlying stock-based compensation, litigation accruals, valuation of derivative instruments and estimated accruals for various tax exposures. Foreign Currency Translation - The functional currency of the Company’s production operations located in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel is the U.S. dollar. Transactions denominated in Philippine pesos, Indian and Sri Lankan rupees or Israeli shekels are translated to U.S. dollars at rates which approximate those in effect on the transaction dates. The functional currency for the Company’s subsidiaries in Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada are the Euro, the Pound Sterling and the Canadian dollar, respectively. The financial statements of these subsidiaries are reported in these respective currencies. Financial information is translated from the applicable functional currency to the U.S. dollar (the reporting currency) for inclusion in their consolidated financial statements. Income, expenses and cash flows are translated at weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal period, and assets and liabilities are translated at fiscal period-end exchange rates. Resulting translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders' equity. Foreign exchange transaction gains or losses are included in direct operating costs in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Revenue Recognition – Revenue is recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services as per the agreement with the customer. The Company generates all its revenue from agreements with customers. In case there are agreements with multiple performance obligations, the Company identifies each performance obligation and evaluates whether the performance obligations are distinct within the context of the agreement’s inception. Performance obligations that are not distinct at agreement inception are combined. The Company allocates the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation proportionately based on the estimated standalone selling price for each performance obligation, if any, and then evaluates how the services are transferred to the customer to determine the timing of revenue recognition. For the DDS segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. Revenues for agreements billed on a time-and-materials basis are recognized as services are performed. Revenues under fixed-fee agreements, which are not significant to the overall revenues, are recognized on the percentage of completion method of accounting, as services are performed, or milestones are achieved. For the Synodex segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. A portion of our Synodex segment revenue is derived from licensing our functional software and providing access to our hosted software platform. Revenue from such services is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable. The Agility segment derives its revenues primarily from subscription arrangements and provision of enriched media analysis services. Revenue from subscriptions is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable. Revenues from enriched media analysis services is recognized when the services are performed, and performance conditions are satisfied. Revenues include reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses, with the corresponding out-of-pocket expenses included in direct operating costs. Valuation of Goodwill and Intangible Assets - The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on each acquisition accounted for as a business combination and allocates the purchase price of each acquired business to its respective net tangible and intangible assets and liabilities. Acquired intangible assets principally consist of technology, customer relationships, backlog and trademarks. Liabilities related to intangibles principally consist of unfavorable vendor contracts. The Company determines the appropriate useful life by performing an analysis of expected cash flows based on projected financial information of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, which approximates the pattern in which the majority of the economic benefits are expected to be consumed. Intangible liabilities are amortized into direct operating costs ratably over their expected related revenue streams over their useful lives. Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. The Company does not amortize goodwill but evaluates it for impairment at the reporting unit level annually during the third quarter of each fiscal year (as of September 30 of that quarter) or when an event occurs, or circumstances change, that indicates the carrying value may not be recoverable. In 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment. Under the newly adopted guidance, the optional qualitative assessment, referred to as “Step 0”, and the first step of the quantitative assessment (“Step 1”) remained unchanged versus the prior guidance. However, the requirement to complete the second step (“Step 2”), which involved determining the implied fair value of goodwill and comparing it to the carrying amount of that goodwill to measure the impairment loss, was eliminated. As a result, Step 1 will be used to determine both the existence and amount of goodwill impairment. An impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill in that reporting unit. The Company periodically analyzes whether any indicators of impairment have occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, the Company compares its estimated fair value, as determined based on its stock price, to its net book value. Due to a continuing decline in its stock price and other indicators of impairment that arose during 2018, the Company deemed it appropriate to assess goodwill impairment as of June 30, 2018, rather than the historical testing date of September 30. Based on its assessment, the Company concluded that the goodwill of the DDS segment, amounting to $675,000, is fully impaired. Refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets”. Recent Accounting Pronouncements - In February 2016 the FASB issued guidance related to leases. This new guidance requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet a right-of-use asset, representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, and a lease liability for all leases with terms greater than 12 months. The guidance also requires qualitative and quantitative disclosures designed to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The standard requires the use of a modified retrospective transition approach, which includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. This new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the effect the guidance will have on its existing accounting policies and consolidated financial statements but expects there will be an increase in assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets at adoption due to the recording of right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities, which may be significant. In March 2017 the FASB issued guidance on Compensation - Retirement Benefits relating to improvements in the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. Under existing U.S. GAAP, an entity is required to present all components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost aggregated as a net amount in the income statement, and this net amount may be capitalized as part of an asset where appropriate. The amendments in the guidance require that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period and requires the other components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations if one is presented. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. The amendments in the guidance will be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost in the income statement and prospectively, for the capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit in assets. The guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2018 and it had no material impact on the consolidated financial statements. In August 2017 the FASB amended the requirements of the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to improve the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements. The amendments will be effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the business description and accounting policies concepts. Business description describes the nature and type of organization including but not limited to organizational structure as may be applicable to holding companies, parent and subsidiary relationships, business divisions, business units, business segments, affiliates and information about significant ownership of the reporting entity. Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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