2. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):


Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,050
Foreign currency translation adjustment		12
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	2,062

Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	2,832
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(35)
Goodwill impairment		(675)
Balance as of September 30, 2018	$	2,122

As of September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for its DDS segment.

The Company periodically analyzes whether any indicators of impairment have occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, the Company compares its estimated fair value, as determined based on its stock price, to its net book value. The continued decline in the Company’s stock price was viewed by the Company as a triggering event under ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment”, (ASU 2017-04) which required an assessment for possible goodwill impairment as of June 30, 2018. Under the provisions of ASU 2017-04, which the Company opted to early adopt, goodwill impairment is recognized based on Step 1 of the current guidance, which calculates the carrying value in excess of the reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company performed this assessment as of June 30, 2018 and determined that the fair value of the Agility segment exceeded its carrying value, but the fair value of the DDS segment was below its carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for the DDS segment reporting unit as of June 30, 2018.

The Company performed its annual goodwill assessment for the Agility segment as of September 30, 2019. In performing the assessment, the Company adhered to the provisions of ASU 2017-04 by using a single step approach that determines the carrying value of goodwill and comparing it against the excess of the reporting unit’s fair value. Based on the Company’s assessment, the Company reached the conclusion that there was no goodwill impairment because the fair value of the Agility segment’s goodwill exceeded its carrying value. Therefore, there was no goodwill impairment recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

The fair value measurement of goodwill was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the Company used the income approach, which utilizes significant inputs that are unobservable in the market. The Company believes it made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit as of the impairment test measurement date.

Information regarding the Company’s acquisition-related intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		trade names		Patents		Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,999	$	2,081	$	855	$	42	$	3,546	$	9,523
Foreign currency translation		51		63		4		1		(36)		83
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	3,050	$	2,144	$	859	$	43	$	3,510	$	9,606


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		trade names		Patents		Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	3,204	$	2,264	$	884	$	46	$	3,647	$	10,045
Foreign currency translation		(63)		(53)		(9)		(1)		(42)		(168)
Balance as of September 30, 2018	$	3,141	$	2,211	$	875	$	45	$	3,605	$	9,877


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		trade names		Patents		Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	1,137	$	766	$	440	$	19	$	886	$	3,248
Amortization expense		230		133		90		3		269		725
Foreign currency translation		24		24		2		1		(15)		36
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	1,391	$	923	$	532	$	23	$	1,140	$	4,009


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		trade names		Patents		Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	902	$	645	$	330	$	15	$	547	$	2,439
Amortization expense		238		139		91		3		274		745
Foreign currency translation		(22)		(16)		(3)		1		(10)		(50)
Balance as of September 30, 2018	$	1,118	$	768	$	418	$	19	$	811	$	3,134

Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.2 million for each of the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.7 million for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

As of the date hereof, estimated amortization expense for intangible assets after September 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):


Year	Amortization
2019	$	240
2020		893
2021		893
2022		893
2023		893
Thereafter		1,785
	$	5,597