2. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company has determined that recent adverse changes in macroeconomic trends as a consequence of the outbreak of COVID-19 constitute a triggering event under U.S. GAAP (Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) No. 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other and Accounting Standards Codification No. 360, Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets). The Company has completed its impairment analysis procedures on its reporting units as of March 31, 2020 and has determined that there was no impairment of long-lived assets, tangible nor intangible, in any reporting units.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in thousands):


Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,050
Foreign currency translation adjustment		39
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	2,089

Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	2,108
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(105)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	2,003

The fair value measurement of goodwill was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the Company used the income approach, which utilizes significant inputs that are unobservable in the market. The Company believes it made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit as of the impairment test measurement date.

Information regarding the Company’s acquisition-related intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	3,108	$	2,177	$	871	$	44	$	3,605	$	9,805
Foreign currency translation		(206)		(184)		(29)		(3)		(95)		(517)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	2,902	$	1,993	$	842	$	41	$	3,510	$	9,288


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,999	$	2,081	$	855	$	42	$	3,546	$	9,523
Foreign currency translation		61		47		10		1		59		178
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	3,060	$	2,128	$	865	$	43	$	3,605	$	9,701


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	1,493	$	983	$	567	$	24	$	1,262	$	4,329
Amortization expense		78		45		14		1		90		228
Foreign currency translation		(111)		(87)		(15)		(2)		(36)		(251)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	1,460	$	941	$	566	$	23	$	1,316	$	4,306


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	1,137	$	766	$	440	$	19	$	886	$	3,248
Amortization expense		77		45		30		1		89		242
Foreign currency translation		24		16		4		—		16		60
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	1,238	$	827	$	474	$	20	$	991	$	3,550

Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.2 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

As of the date hereof, estimated amortization expense for intangible assets after March 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):


Year	Amortization
2020	$	648
2021		864
2022		864
2023		864
2024		772
Thereafter		970
	$	4,982