2. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company determined that adverse changes in macroeconomic trends as a consequence of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic constituted a triggering event under U.S. GAAP (Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) No. 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other” and ASC No. 360, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”). The Company completed its impairment analysis procedures as of March 31, 2020 and has updated its impairment analysis on its reporting units as of September 30, 2020. The Company determined that there was no impairment of long-lived assets, tangible or intangible, in any reporting units as of September 30, 2020.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in thousands):


Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,050
Foreign currency translation adjustment		12
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	2,062

Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	2,108
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(39)
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	2,069

The fair value measurement of goodwill was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the Company used the income approach, which utilizes significant inputs that are unobservable in the market. The Company believes it made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit as of the impairment test measurement date.

Information regarding the Company’s acquisition-related intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	3,108	$	2,177	$	871	$	43	$	3,606	$	9,805
Foreign currency translation		(74)		(65)		(11)		(1)		(40)		(191)
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	3,034	$	2,112	$	860	$	42	$	3,566	$	9,614


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,999	$	2,081	$	855	$	42	$	3,546	$	9,523
Foreign currency translation		51		63		4		1		(36)		83
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	3,050	$	2,144	$	859	$	43	$	3,510	$	9,606


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2020	$	1,493	$	983	$	567	$	24	$	1,261	$	4,328
Amortization expense		230		134		41		3		271		679
Foreign currency translation		(39)		(32)		(5)		—		(19)		(95)
Balance as of September 30, 2020	$	1,684	$	1,085	$	603	$	27	$	1,513	$	4,912


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		tradenames		Patents		Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	1,137	$	766	$	440	$	19	$	886	$	3,248
Amortization expense		230		133		90		3		269		725
Foreign currency translation		24		24		2		1		(15)		36
Balance as of September 30, 2019	$	1,391	$	923	$	532	$	23	$	1,140	$	4,009

Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.2 million for each of the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.7 million for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

As of the date hereof, estimated amortization expense for intangible assets after September 30, 2020 is as follows (in thousands):


Year	Amortization
2020	$	224
2021		895
2022		895
2023		895
2024		797
Thereafter		996
	$	4,702