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Table of Contents

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​

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

​

FORM 10-Q

​

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
​ |
​ | For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022
​ | ​
​ | OR
​ |
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
​ | ​
​ | For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

​

Commission file number: 001-35774

​

INNODATA INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

​

Delaware | 13-3475943
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) | Identification No.)
55 Challenger Road | 07660
Ridgefield Park, New Jersey | (Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices) |

​

(201) 371-8000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

​

None

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

​

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

​

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock | INOD | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

​

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☑ Smaller reporting company ☑ Emerging growth company ☐

​

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

​

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, as of May 6, 2022 was 27,178,638.

​

​

​

Table of Contents

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 2022

INDEX

​

​ |  | Part I – Financial Information |  | ​
​ | ​ |  | ​ | Page No.
Item 1. | ​ | Financial Statements | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited): | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 | ​ | 2
​ | ​ | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 | ​ | 3
​ | ​ | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 | ​ | 4
​ | ​ | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 | ​ | 5
​ | ​ | Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | ​ | 6
Item 2. | ​ | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | ​ | 21
Item 3. | ​ | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | ​ | 29
Item 4. | ​ | Controls and Procedures | ​ | 29
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Part II – Other Information | ​ | ​
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​
Item 1. | ​ | Legal Proceedings | ​ | 30
Item 1A. | ​ | Risk Factors | ​ | 30
Item 2. | ​ | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | ​ | 30
Item 3. | ​ | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | ​ | 30
Item 4. | ​ | Mine Safety Disclosures | ​ | 30
Item 5. | ​ | Other Information | ​ | 30
Item 6. | ​ | Exhibits | ​ | 31
Signatures | ​ |  | ​ | 32

​

​

​

1

Table of Contents

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | March 31, |  | December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
ASSETS |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Current assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 15,427 | ​ | $ | 18,902
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $820 and $730, respectively | ​ |  | 10,904 | ​ |  | 11,379
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ​ |  | 3,755 | ​ |  | 3,681
Total current assets | ​ |  | 30,086 | ​ |  | 33,962
Property and equipment, net | ​ |  | 2,881 | ​ |  | 2,947
Right-of-use-asset, net | ​ |  | 4,623 | ​ |  | 5,621
Other assets | ​ |  | 2,104 | ​ |  | 2,247
Deferred income taxes, net | ​ |  | 1,870 | ​ |  | 1,950
Intangibles, net | ​ |  | 11,228 | ​ |  | 10,347
Goodwill | ​ |  | 2,142 | ​ |  | 2,143
Total assets | ​ | $ | 54,934 | ​ | $ | 59,217
LIABILITIES, NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Current liabilities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Accounts payable | ​ | $ | 1,725 | ​ | $ | 1,823
Accrued expenses and other | ​ |  | 7,232 | ​ |  | 7,564
Accrued salaries, wages and related benefits | ​ |  | 6,041 | ​ |  | 6,391
Income and other taxes | ​ |  | 3,407 | ​ |  | 3,213
Long-term obligations - current portion | ​ |  | 1,229 | ​ |  | 1,279
Operating lease liability - current portion | ​ |  | 812 | ​ |  | 1,034
Total current liabilities | ​ |  | 20,446 | ​ |  | 21,304
Deferred income taxes, net | ​ |  | 17 | ​ |  | 15
Long-term obligations, net of current portion | ​ |  | 6,134 | ​ |  | 6,217
Operating lease liability, net of current portion | ​ |  | 4,291 | ​ |  | 5,276
Total liabilities | ​ |  | 30,888 | ​ |  | 32,812
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commitments and contingencies | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Non-controlling interests | ​ |  | (732) | ​ |  | (3,522)
​ | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Serial preferred stock; 4,998,000 shares authorized, none outstanding | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | -
Common stock, $.01 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 30,363,000 shares issued and 27,179,000 outstanding at March 31, 2022 and 30,347,000 shares issued and 27,163,000 outstanding at December 31, 2021 | ​ |  | 304 | ​ |  | 303
Additional paid-in capital | ​ |  | 32,767 | ​ |  | 35,121
Retained earnings | ​ |  | 345 | ​ |  | 3,160
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ​ |  | (2,173) | ​ |  | (2,192)
​ | ​ |  | 31,243 | ​ |  | 36,392
Less: treasury stock, 3,184,000 shares at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 at cost | ​ |  | (6,465) | ​ |  | (6,465)
Total stockholders’ equity | ​ |  | 24,778 | ​ |  | 29,927
Total liabilities, non-controlling interests and stockholders’ equity | ​ | $ | 54,934 | ​ | $ | 59,217

​

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

​

2

Table of Contents

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended
​ | ​ | March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Revenues | ​ | $ | 21,192 | ​ | $ | 15,967
Operating costs and expenses: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Direct operating costs | ​ |  | 13,414 | ​ |  | 10,096
Selling and administrative expenses | ​ |  | 10,190 | ​ |  | 5,525
Interest expense, net | ​ |  | 3 | ​ |  | 10
​ | ​ |  | 23,607 | ​ |  | 15,631
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes | ​ |  | (2,415) | ​ |  | 336
Provision for income taxes | ​ |  | 475 | ​ |  | (73)
Consolidated net income (loss) | ​ |  | (2,890) | ​ |  | 409
Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests | ​ |  | (75) | ​ |  | 11
Net income (loss) attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries | ​ | $ | (2,815) | ​ | $ | 398
Income (loss) per share attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Basic | ​ | $ | (0.10) | ​ | $ | 0.02
Diluted | ​ | $ | (0.10) | ​ | $ | 0.01
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Basic | ​ |  | 27,158 | ​ |  | 25,873
Diluted | ​ | ​ | 27,158 | ​ | ​ | 29,452
Comprehensive income (loss): | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Consolidated net income (loss) | ​ | $ | (2,890) | ​ | $ | 409
Pension liability adjustment, net of taxes | ​ |  | 40 | ​ |  | 11
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes | ​ |  | 5 | ​ |  | -
Foreign currency translation adjustment | ​ |  | (26) | ​ |  | (21)
Other comprehensive loss | ​ |  | 19 | ​ |  | (10)
Total comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | (2,871) | ​ |  | 399
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest | ​ |  | (75) | ​ |  | 11
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries | ​ | $ | (2,796) | ​ | $ | 388

​

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

​

​

3

Table of Contents

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended
​ |  | March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Consolidated net income (loss) | ​ | $ | (2,890) | ​ | $ | 409
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income (loss) to net cash | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
provided by operating activities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Depreciation and amortization | ​ | ​ | 873 | ​ | ​ | 697
Stock-based compensation | ​ | ​ | 537 | ​ | ​ | 278
Deferred income taxes | ​ |  | 44 | ​ |  | (45)
Pension cost | ​ | ​ | 11 | ​ | ​ | 142
Loss on lease termination | ​ | ​ | 125 | ​ | ​ | -
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Accounts receivable | ​ |  | 487 | ​ |  | (448)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ​ |  | (63) | ​ | ​ | 223
Other assets | ​ |  | 144 | ​ |  | 52
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | ​ |  | (533) | ​ |  | 956
Accrued salaries, wages and related benefits | ​ |  | (407) | ​ |  | (789)
Income and other taxes | ​ |  | 176 | ​ |  | (718)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | ​ |  | (1,496) | ​ |  | 757
Cash flows from investing activities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Capital expenditures | ​ |  | (1,939) | ​ |  | (503)
Net cash used in investing activities | ​ |  | (1,939) | ​ |  | (503)
Cash flows from financing activities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | ​ | ​ | 26 | ​ | ​ | 609
Withholding taxes on net settlement of stock-based compensation | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (764)
Redemption of non-controlling interest | ​ | ​ | 1 | ​ | ​ | -
Payment of long-term obligations | ​ |  | (39) | ​ |  | (268)
Net cash used in financing activities | ​ | ​ | (12) | ​ | ​ | (423)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | ​ |  | (28) | ​ |  | (108)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | ​ |  | (3,475) | ​ |  | (277)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | ​ |  | 18,902 | ​ |  | 17,573
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | ​ | $ | 15,427 | ​ | $ | 17,296
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Cash paid for income taxes | ​ | $ | 308 | ​ | $ | 571
Non cash redemption of non-controlling interest | ​ | $ | (2,864) | ​ | $ | -
Cash paid for operating leases | ​ | $ | 493 | ​ | $ | 437
Cash paid for interest | ​ | $ | 4 | ​ | $ | 11

​

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

​

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Accumulated | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Additional | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Other | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Common Stock | ​ | Paid-in | ​ | Retained | ​ | Comprehensive | ​ | Treasury Stock | ​ | ​
​ |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Capital |  | Earnings |  | Loss |  | Shares | ​ | Amount |  | Total
January 1, 2021 | ​ | 28,984 | ​ | $ | 289 | ​ | $ | 31,921 | ​ | $ | 4,833 | ​ | $ | (938) | ​ | 3,184 | ​ | $ | (6,465) | ​ | $ | 29,640
Net income attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 398 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 398
Stock-based compensation | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 278 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 278
Stock option exercises | ​ | 690 | ​ | ​ | 4 | ​ | ​ | 605 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 609
Shares withheld for exercise settlement and taxes | ​ | (193) | ​ | ​ | 1 | ​ | ​ | (764) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (763)
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 11 | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 11
Foreign currency translation adjustment | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (21) | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (21)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
March 31, 2021 | ​ | 29,481 | ​ | $ | 294 | ​ | $ | 32,040 | ​ | $ | 5,231 | ​ | $ | (948) | ​ | 3,184 | ​ | $ | (6,465) | ​ | $ | 30,152
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
January 1, 2022 | ​ | 30,347 | ​ | $ | 303 | ​ | $ | 35,121 | ​ | $ | 3,160 | ​ | $ | (2,192) | ​ | 3,184 | ​ | $ | (6,465) | ​ | $ | 29,927
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (2,815) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (2,815)
Stock-based compensation | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 537 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 537
Stock option exercises | ​ | 23 | ​ | ​ | 1 | ​ | ​ | 26 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 27
Shares withheld for exercise settlement and taxes | ​ | (7) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (53) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (53)
Redemption of non-controlling interest | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (2,864) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (2,864)
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 40 | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 40
Foreign currency translation adjustment | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (26) | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (26)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 5 | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 5
March 31, 2022 | ​ | 30,363 | ​ | $ | 304 | ​ | $ | 32,767 | ​ | $ | 345 | ​ | $ | (2,173) | ​ | 3,184 | ​ | $ | (6,465) | ​ | $ | 24,778

​

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

​

​

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

Basis of Presentation - The condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods included herein are unaudited; however, they contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of Innodata Inc. (including its subsidiaries, the “Company”) as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the results of its operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, and stockholders’ equity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

Certain information and note disclosures normally included in or with financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from these condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and, accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Unless otherwise noted, the accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Principles of Consolidation - The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Innodata Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, and docGenix limited liability company that is majority-owned by the Company. The non-controlling interest in the docGenix limited liability company has call and put options that can be settled in cash or stock. Accordingly, this is presented in temporary equity in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (the “FASB”) non-controlling interest guidance. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates - In preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable, including assumptions made by management about the possible effects of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on critical and significant accounting estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to the allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, useful life of long-lived assets, useful life of intangible assets, impairment of goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of stock-based compensation, pension benefit plan assumptions, litigation accruals and estimated accruals for various tax exposures.

Revenue Recognition – The Company’s revenue is recognized when services are rendered or goods are delivered to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services or goods as per the agreement with the customer. In cases where there are agreements with multiple performance obligations, the Company identifies each performance obligation and evaluates whether the performance obligations are distinct within the context of the agreement at the agreement’s inception. Performance obligations that are not distinct at agreement inception are combined. For agreements with distinct performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation proportionately based on the estimated standalone selling price for each performance obligation, if any, and then evaluates how the services are performed for the customer to determine the timing of revenue recognition.

For the Digital Data Solutions (DDS) segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. Revenue from agreements billed on a time-and-materials basis is recognized as services are performed. Revenue from fixed-fee agreements, which are not significant to overall revenues, is recognized based on the proportional performance method of accounting, as services are performed, or milestones are achieved.

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

For the Synodex segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. A portion of the Synodex segment revenue is derived from licensing the Company’s functional software and providing access to the Company’s hosted software platform. Revenue from such services is recognized monthly when all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; access to the service is provided to the end user; and collection is probable.

The Agility segment derives its revenue primarily from subscription arrangements and provision of enriched media analysis services. It also derives revenue as a reseller of corporate communication solutions. Revenue from subscriptions is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable. Revenue from enriched media analysis services is recognized when the services are performed, and performance conditions are satisfied. Revenue from the reseller agreements is recognized at the gross amount received for the goods in accordance with the Company functioning as a principal due to the Company meeting the following criteria: the Company acts as the primary obligor in the sales transaction; assumes the credit risk; sets the price; can select suppliers; and is involved in the execution of the services, including after sales service.

Revenue includes reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses, with the corresponding out-of-pocket expenses included in direct operating costs.

The Company considers U.S. GAAP criteria for determining whether to report gross revenue as a principal versus net revenue as an agent. The Company evaluates whether it is in control of the services before the same are transferred to the customer to assess whether it is principal or agent in the arrangement. Revenue is recognized on a gross basis if the Company is in the capacity of principal and on a net basis if it falls in the capacity of an agent.

Contract acquisition costs, which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, are amortized over the term of a subscription agreement or contract that normally has a duration of 12 months or less. The Company reviews these prepaid acquisition costs on a periodic basis to determine the need to adjust the carrying values for early-terminated contracts.

Foreign Currency Translation - The functional currency of the Company’s locations in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Israel, Hong Kong and Canada (other than the Agility subsidiary) is the U.S. dollar. Transactions denominated in Philippine pesos, Indian and Sri Lankan rupees, Israeli shekels and Hong Kong dollars are translated to U.S. dollars at rates which approximate those in effect on the transaction dates. Monetary assets and all liabilities denominated in foreign currencies on March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are translated at the exchange rate in effect as of those dates. Nonmonetary assets and stockholders’ equity are translated at the appropriate historical rates. Included in direct operating costs were foreign exchange gains resulting from such transactions of approximately $419,000 and $140,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 respectively.

The functional currency for the Company’s subsidiaries in Germany, the United Kingdom and for the Company’s Agility subsidiary in Canada are the Euro, the Pound Sterling and the Canadian dollar, respectively. The financial statements of these subsidiaries are prepared in these respective currencies. Financial information is translated from the applicable functional currency to the U.S. dollar (the reporting currency) for inclusion in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Income, expenses and cash flows are translated at weighted-average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal period, and assets and liabilities are translated at fiscal period-end exchange rates. Resulting translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. Foreign exchange transaction gains or losses are included in direct operating costs in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Derivative Instruments - The Company accounts for derivative transactions in accordance with the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 825, “Financial Instruments”. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the entire change in fair value of the hedging instrument is recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss). When the amounts recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified to earnings, they are included as part of Direct operating costs.

Capitalized Developed Software - The Company incurs development costs related to software it develops for its internal use. Qualifying costs incurred during the application development stage are capitalized. These costs primarily consist of internal labor and third-party development cost and are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of software, which ranges between three and ten years. All other research and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

Income Taxes - Estimated deferred taxes are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates, as well as any net operating loss or tax credit carryforwards expected to reduce taxes payable in future years. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the estimated deferred tax assets will not be realized. While the Company considers future taxable income in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, in the event that the Company anticipates that it will be able to realize the estimated deferred tax assets in the future in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to the provision for deferred tax assets would increase income in the period such determination was made. Similarly, in the event that the Company anticipates that it will not be able to realize the estimated deferred tax assets in the future considering future taxable income, an adjustment to the provision for deferred tax assets would decrease income in the period such determination was made. Changes in the valuation allowance from period to period are included in the Company’s tax provision in the period of change. The Company indefinitely reinvests the foreign earnings in its foreign subsidiaries. If such earnings are repatriated in the future, or are no longer deemed to be indefinitely reinvested, the Company would have to accrue as a liability the applicable amount of foreign jurisdiction withholding taxes associated with such remittances.

In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considered whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the U.S. and Canadian deferred tax assets will not be realizable. As the expectation of future taxable income resulting from the U.S. and Canadian entities cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company maintains a valuation allowance against all the U.S. and Canadian net deferred tax assets.

The Company accounts for income taxes regarding uncertain tax positions, and recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Deferred Revenue - Deferred revenue represents payments received from customers in advance of providing services and amounts deferred if conditions for revenue recognition have not been met. Included in accrued expenses and other on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets is deferred revenue amounting to $3.0 million and $4.5 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company expect to recognize substantially all of these performance obligations over the next 12 months.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements – In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Statements” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation amount that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,” which clarifies ASC Topic 326, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses” and corrects unintended application of the guidance, and in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-11, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses,” which clarifies or addresses specific issues about certain aspects of ASU 2016-13. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-03, “Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments,” which modifies the measurement of expected credit losses of certain financial instruments. ASU 2016-13 is effective for certain smaller reporting companies for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and interim periods within those fiscal years, which will be fiscal 2023 for the Company if it continues to be classified as a smaller reporting company, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the new guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

​

2. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Balance as of January 1, 2022 |  | $ | 2,143
Foreign currency translation adjustment | ​ |  | (1)
Balance as of March 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | 2,142

​

The fair value measurement of goodwill for the Agility segment was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the Company used the income approach, which utilizes significant inputs that are unobservable in the market and the market multiple approach which utilizes comparable entities to further validate the carrying values. The Company believes it made reasonable

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit as of the impairment test measurement date. The carrying value of Goodwill was $2.1 million as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

Information regarding the Company acquired intangible assets and capitalized developed software was as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Company Acquired Intangible Assets | ​ | Capitalized Developed Software | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Capitalized | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Trademarks | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Media | ​ | Capitalized | ​ | Developed | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Developed |  | Customer |  | and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Contact | ​ | Developed | ​ | Software - in | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | technology |  | relationships |  | tradenames |  | Patents |  | Database |  | Software |  | Progress |  | Total
Gross carrying amounts: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |
Balance as of January 1, 2022 | ​ | $ | 3,169 | ​ | $ | 2,228 | ​ | $ | 880 | ​ | $ | 45 | ​ | $ | 3,648 | ​ | $ | 8,576 | ​ | $ | 635 | ​ | $ | 19,181
Additions | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 1,389 | ​ | ​ | 1,389
Transfers | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 1,265 | ​ | ​ | (1,265) | ​ | ​ | -
Foreign currency translation | ​ |  | 24 | ​ |  | 36 | ​ |  | 1 | ​ |  | 1 | ​ |  | (44) | ​ | ​ | 130 | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​ |  | 147
Balance as of March 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | 3,193 | ​ | $ | 2,264 | ​ | $ | 881 | ​ | $ | 46 | ​ | $ | 3,604 | ​ | $ | 9,971 | ​ | $ | 758 | ​ | $ | 20,717
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Accumulated amortization: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Balance as of January 1, 2022 | ​ | $ | 2,158 | ​ | $ | 1,377 | ​ | $ | 685 | ​ | $ | 34 | ​ | $ | 2,005 | ​ | $ | 2,575 | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | 8,834
Amortization expense | ​ | ​ | 79 | ​ | ​ | 47 | ​ | ​ | 14 | ​ | ​ | 1 | ​ | ​ | 91 | ​ | ​ | 365 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 597
Foreign currency translation | ​ | ​ | 20 | ​ | ​ | 22 | ​ | ​ | 1 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (23) | ​ | ​ | 38 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 58
Balance as of March 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | 2,257 | ​ | $ | 1,446 | ​ | $ | 700 | ​ | $ | 35 | ​ | $ | 2,073 | ​ | $ | 2,978 | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | 9,489
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net carrying values - March 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | 936 | ​ | $ | 818 | ​ | $ | 181 | ​ | $ | 11 | ​ | $ | 1,531 | ​ | $ | 6,993 | ​ | $ | 758 | ​ | $ | 11,228

​

Amortization expense relating to acquired intangible assets was $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Amortization expense relating to capitalized developed software was $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

As of March 31, 2022, estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Year |  | Amortization
2022 | ​ | $ | 2,199
2023 | ​ |  | 2,630
2024 | ​ |  | 2,228
2025 | ​ |  | 1,456
2026 | ​ |  | 812
Thereafter | ​ |  | 1,903
​ | ​ | $ | 11,228

​

​

3. Income Taxes

Taxes primarily consist of a provision for foreign taxes recorded by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries in accordance with local tax regulations. Effective income tax rates are disproportionate due to the losses incurred by the Company’s U.S. and Canadian

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

subsidiaries and a valuation allowance recorded on deferred taxes of these entities and tax effects of foreign operations, including foreign exchange gains and losses.

​

The reconciliations of the U.S. statutory rate with the Company’s effective tax rate for the three -month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 are summarized in the table below:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the Three Months | ​
​ | ​ | Ended March 31, | ​
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021 | ​
Federal income tax expense at statutory rate |  | (21.0) | % | 21.0 | %
Effect of: |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Change in valuation allowance | ​ | 35.1 | ​ | 26.7 | ​
Tax effects of foreign operations |  | 5.9 | ​ | 85.2 | ​
Return to provision true up | ​ | 4.7 | ​ | 0.4 | ​
Foreign operations permanent difference - foreign exchange gains and losses | ​ | 4.4 | ​ | 15.4 | ​
Increase (decrease) in unrecognized tax benefits (ASC 740) | ​ | 1.1 | ​ | (114.9) | ​
State income tax net of federal benefit | ​ | 0.2 | ​ | 2.4 | ​
Withholding tax | ​ | - | ​ | 0.3 | ​
Effect of stock based compensation | ​ | - | ​ | (61.3) | ​
Foreign rate differential | ​ | (8.0) | ​ | (5.8) | ​
Other | ​ | (2.7) | ​ | 8.9 | ​
Effective tax rate | ​ | 19.7 | % | (21.7) | %

​

The following table presents a roll-forward of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits and associated interest for the three months ended March 31, 2022 (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Unrecognized
​ |  | tax benefits
Balance - January 1, 2022 | ​ | $ | 1,753
Interest accrual | ​ |  | 26
Foreign currency remeasurement | ​ |  | (28)
Balance - March 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | 1,751

​

The Company expects that unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2022, if recognized, would have a material impact on the Company’s effective tax rate.

Tax Assessments

In September 2015, the Company’s Indian subsidiary was subject to an inquiry by the Service Tax Department in India regarding the classification of services provided by this subsidiary, asserting that the services provided by this subsidiary fall under the category of online information and database access or retrieval services (OID Services), and not under the category of business support services (BS Services) that are exempt from service tax as historically indicated in the subsidiary’s service tax filings. The Company disagrees with the Service Tax Department’s position. In November 2019, the Commissioner of Central Tax, GST & Central Excise issued an order confirming the Service Tax Department's position. The Company is contesting this order in an appeal to the Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal. In the event the Service Tax Department is ultimately successful in proving that the services fall under the category of OID Services, the revenues earned by the Company’s Indian subsidiary for the period July 2012 through November 2016 would be subject to a service tax of between 12.36% and 15%, and this subsidiary may also be liable for interest and penalties. The revenue of the Company’s Indian subsidiary during this period was approximately $63.0 million. In accordance with new rules promulgated by the Service Tax Department, as of December 1, 2016 service tax is no longer applicable to OID or BS Services. Based on the Company’s assessment in consultation with the Company’s tax counsel, the Company has not recorded any tax liability for this case.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

In a separate action relating to service tax refunds, in October 2016, the Company’s Indian subsidiary received notices from the Indian Service Tax Department in India seeking to reverse service tax refunds of approximately $160,000 previously granted to the Company’s Indian subsidiary for three quarters in 2014, asserting that the services provided by this subsidiary fall under the category of OID Services and not BS Services. The appeal was determined in favor of the Service Tax Department. The Company disagrees with the basis of this decision and is contesting it. The Company expects delays in its Indian subsidiary receiving further service tax refunds until this matter is adjudicated with finality, and currently has service tax credits of approximately $1.0 million recorded as a receivable. Based on the Company’s assessment in consultation with the Company’s tax counsel, the Company has not recorded any tax liability for this case.

Substantial recovery against the Company in the above referenced 2015 Service Tax Department case could have a material adverse impact on the Company, and unfavorable rulings or recoveries in other tax proceedings could have a material adverse impact on the consolidated operating results of the period (and subsequent periods) in which the rulings or recovery occurs.

​

4. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation – In 2008, a judgment was rendered in the Philippines against a Philippine subsidiary of the Company that is no longer active and purportedly also against Innodata Inc., in favor of certain former employees of the Philippine subsidiary. The potential payment amount aggregates to approximately $6.8 million, plus legal interest that accrued at 12% per annum from August 13, 2008 to June 30, 2013, and thereafter accrued and continues to accrue at 6% per annum. The potential payment amount as expressed in U.S. dollars varies with the Philippine peso to U.S. dollar exchange rate. In December 2017, a group of 97 of the former employees of the Philippine subsidiary indicated that they proposed to record the judgment as to themselves in New Jersey. In January 2018, in response to an action initiated by Innodata Inc., the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (“USDC”) entered a preliminary injunction that enjoins these former employees from pursuing or seeking recognition or enforcement of the judgment against Innodata Inc. in the United States during the pendency of the action and until further order of the USDC. In June 2018, the USDC entered a consent order administratively closing the action subject to return of the action to the active docket upon the written request of Innodata Inc. or the former employees, with the USDC retaining jurisdiction over the matter and the preliminary injunction remaining in full force and effect.

The Company is also subject to various other legal proceedings and claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of business.

While management currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or overall trends in consolidated results of operations, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties. Substantial recovery against the Company in the above-referenced Philippine action could have a material adverse impact on the Company, and unfavorable rulings or recoveries in the other proceedings could have a material adverse impact on the consolidated operating results in the period in which the ruling or recovery occurs. In addition, the Company’s estimate of the potential impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or overall consolidated results of operations for the above referenced legal proceedings could change in the future.

The Company’s legal accruals related to legal proceedings and claims are based on the Company’s determination of whether or not a loss is probable. The Company reviews outstanding proceedings and claims with external counsel to assess probability and estimates of loss. The accruals are adjusted if necessary. While the Company intends to defend these matters vigorously, adverse outcomes that it estimates could reach approximately $350,000 in the aggregate beyond recorded amounts are reasonably possible. If circumstances change, the Company may be required to record adjustments that could be material to its reported consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

​

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

5. Stock Options and Restricted Shares

A summary of option activity under the Innodata Inc. 2013 Stock Plan, as amended and restated effective June 7, 2016 (the “2013 Plan”) and changes during each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented below:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Weighted - |  | Weighted-Average |  | ​
​ | ​ | Number of |  | Average Exercise |  | Remaining Contractual | ​ | Aggregate
​ |  | Options |  | Price |  | Term (years) |  | Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2021 |  | 5,906,884 | ​ | $ | 1.61 |  |  |  | ​ |
Granted |  | 360,000 | ​ |  | 6.40 |  |  |  | ​ |
Exercised |  | (689,616) | ​ |  | 2.17 |  |  |  | ​ |
Forfeited/Expired |  | (13,333) | ​ |  | 1.38 |  |  |  | ​ |
Outstanding at March 31, 2021 |  | 5,563,935 | ​ | $ | 1.86 |  | 7.69 | ​ | $ | 24,770,815
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Exercisable at March 31, 2021 |  | 3,594,434 | ​ | $ | 1.68 | ​ | 7.10 | ​ | $ | 16,621,389
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Vested and Expected to Vest at March 31, 2021 |  | 5,563,935 | ​ | $ | 1.86 |  | 7.69 | ​ | $ | 24,770,815

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Weighted-Average |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Number of | ​ | Weighted - Average | ​ | Remaining Contractual | ​ | Aggregate
​ | ​ | Options | ​ | Exercise Price | ​ | Term (years) | ​ | Intrinsic Value
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Outstanding at January 1, 2022 | ​ | 5,536,896 | ​ | $ | 2.66 | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​
Granted |  | 1,479,558 |  | ​ | 5.21 |  |  |  | ​ |
Exercised |  | (22,500) |  | ​ | 1.17 |  |  |  | ​ |
Forfeited/Expired |  | (35,400) |  | ​ | 5.10 |  |  |  | ​ |
Outstanding at March 31, 2022 |  | 6,958,554 | ​ | $ | 3.20 |  | 7.84 | ​ | $ | 26,515,544
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Exercisable at March 31, 2022 |  | 3,418,917 | ​ | $ | 1.82 |  | 6.53 | ​ | $ | 17,679,562
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Vested and Expected to Vest at March 31, 2022 |  | 6,958,554 | ​ | $ | 3.20 |  | 7.84 | ​ | $ | 26,515,544

​

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, a total of 22,500 options were exercised at an average price of $1.17.

​

The fair value of stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The weighted-average fair value of the options granted, and weighted-average assumptions were as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the Three Months Ended March 31, | ​
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021 | ​
Weighted average fair value of options granted | ​ | $ | 3.10 | ​ | $ | 3.33 | ​
Risk-free interest rate | ​ | ​ | 1.94%-2.33% | ​ | ​ | 0.22%-0.82% | ​
Expected term (years) | ​ | ​ | 6.0-6.42 | ​ | ​ | 2.96-6.0 | ​
Expected volatility factor | ​ | ​ | 62.00 | % | ​ | 59.62 | %
Expected dividends | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​

​

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

A summary of restricted shares issued under the 2013 Plan as of March 31, 2022 is presented below:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Number of Restricted |  | Weighted-Average Grant
​ |  | Shares |  | Date Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2022 | ​ | 25,000 | ​ | ​ | -
Granted |  | - |  | ​ | -
Vested |  | (25,000) |  | ​ | -
Forfeited/Expired |  | - |  | ​ | -
Unvested at March 31, 2022 |  | - | ​ | $ | 1.38

​

A summary of restricted stock units issued under the 2013 Plan and the Innodata Inc. 2021 Equity Compensation Plan (“2021 Plan”, and together with the 2013 Plan collectively, the “Equity Plans”) is presented below:

In March 2022 the Company granted restricted stock units (“RSU”) pursuant to the Equity Plans. Each RSU has vesting conditions based on both the achievement of performance-based metrics and the continuation of employment over a defined period. The level of performance determines the number of RSUs that performance-vest, and performance vested RSUs must also time-vest in order to be fully vested, Each fully-vested RSU represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock or the fair market value of one share of common stock, at the Company’s discretion, and is classified as an equity award. Each RSU vests pursuant to the vesting schedule found in the respective RSU agreement. RSUs are generally subject to graduated vesting schedules and stock-based compensation expense is computed by tranche and recognized on a straight-line basis over the tranches’ applicable vesting period based on the expected achievement level. The fair value of stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Binomial option pricing model.

Restricted stock unit activity during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Number of |  | Weighted-Average
​ | ​ | Restricted Stock | ​ | Grant Date
​ | ​ | Units | ​ | Fair Value
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Unvested at January 1, 2022 |  | - |  | ​ |
Granted* |  | 700,000 | ​ | $ | 5.59
Vested |  | - | ​ |  |
Forfeited/Expired |  | - | ​ |  |
Unvested at March 31, 2022 |  | 700,000 | ​ |  |

* 500,000 RSUs were issued under the 2013 plan and 200,000 RSUs were issued under the 2021 plan

The compensation cost related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock awards not yet recognized as of March 31, 2022 totaled approximately $7.9 million. The weighted-average period over which these costs will be recognized is 30 months.

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, 700,000 performance-based restricted stock units were granted and remain non-vested at March 31, 2022. Vesting of the performance-based restricted stock units is contingent on the achievement of certain financial performance goals and service vesting conditions.

The compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock unit awards not yet recognized as of March 31, 2022 totaled approximately $3.9 million. The weighted-average period over which these costs will be recognized is 36 months.

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

The stock-based compensation expense related to the Equity Plans were allocated as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the Three Months Ended
​ | ​ | March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Direct operating costs | ​ | $ | 52 | ​ | $ | 38
Selling and administrative expenses | ​ |  | 485 | ​ |  | 240
Total stock-based compensation | ​ | $ | 537 | ​ | $ | 278

​

​

6. Operating Leases

The Company has various lease agreements for its offices and service delivery centers. The Company has determined that the risks and benefits related to the leased properties are retained by the lessors. Accordingly, these are accounted for as operating leases.

These lease agreements are for terms ranging from two to eleven years and, in most cases, provide for rental escalations ranging from 1.75% to 10%. Most of these agreements are renewable at the mutual consent of the parties to the contract.

The table below summarizes the amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements related to operating leases for the periods presented (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the Three Months Ended
​ | ​ | March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Rent expense for long-term operating leases | ​ | $ | 376 | ​ | $ | 388
Rent expense for short-term leases | ​ |  | 117 | ​ |  | 49
Total rent expense | ​ | $ | 493 | ​ | $ | 437

​

The following table presents the maturity profile of the Company’s operating lease liabilities based on the contractual undiscounted payments with a reconciliation of these amounts to the remaining net present value of the operating lease liability reported in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2022 (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Year |  | Amount
2022 | ​ | $ | 1,214
2023 | ​ |  | 954
2024 | ​ |  | 821
2025 | ​ |  | 836
2026 | ​ |  | 851
2027 and thereafter | ​ |  | 2,172
Total lease payments | ​ |  | 6,848
Less: Interest | ​ |  | (1,745)
Net present value of lease liabilities | ​ | $ | 5,103
​ | ​ |  | ​
Current portion | ​ | $ | 812
Long-term portion | ​ |  | 4,291
Total | ​ | $ | 5,103

​

The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all of the Company’s operating leases as of March 31, 2022 were as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Weighted-average lease term remaining |  | 51 months | ​
Weighted-average discount rate |  | 8.68 | %

​

​

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

7. Long-term obligations

Total long-term obligations as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 consisted of the following (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | March 31, |  | December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Pension obligations - accrued pension liability | ​ | $ | 6,760 | ​ | $ | 6,839
Settlement agreement | ​ |  | 213 | ​ |  | 272
Microsoft licenses | ​ |  | 390 | ​ |  | 385
​ | ​ | ​ | 7,363 | ​ | ​ | 7,496
Less: Current portion of long-term obligations | ​ |  | 1,229 | ​ |  | 1,279
Totals | ​ | $ | 6,134 | ​ | $ | 6,217

​

​

​

​

8. Redemption of non-controlling interest

On March 31, 2022, the Company redeemed the 7.5% non-controlling interest in Innodata Synodex, LLC; Innodata Synodex, LLC is now a wholly owned subsidiary. The Company accounted for the transaction in accordance with ASC Topic 810, “Consolidation”, which discusses the proper accounting treatment of the carrying value for the non-controlling interest. Under the standard, any change in ownership that does not result in a loss of control is to be accounted for as an equity transaction. To comply with the standard, the Company reclassified the remaining carrying value of the Non-controlling interest attributed to the Synodex subsidiary amounting to $2.9 million from Non-controlling interest to Additional paid-in capital in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022.

9. Comprehensive loss

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, consists of pension liability adjustments, net of taxes, foreign currency translation adjustment and changes in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes. The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, and reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three months then ended, are presented below (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Foreign Currency |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Pension Liability | ​ | Fair Value of | ​ | Translation | ​ | Accumulated Other
​ | ​ | Adjustment | ​ | Derivatives | ​ | Adjustment | ​ | Comprehensive Loss
Balance at January 1, 2022 | ​ | $ | (858) | ​ | $ | (353) | ​ | $ | (981) | ​ | $ | (2,192)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes |  | ​ | - |  | ​ | (78) |  | ​ | (26) |  | ​ | (104)
Total other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes |  | ​ | (858) |  | ​ | (431) |  | ​ | (1,007) |  | ​ | (2,296)
Net amount reclassified to earnings |  | ​ | 40 |  | ​ | 83 |  | ​ | - |  | ​ | 123
Balance at March 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | (818) | ​ | $ | (348) | ​ | $ | (1,007) | ​ | $ | (2,173)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Foreign Currency | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Pension Liability | ​ | Fair Value of | ​ | Translation | ​ | Accumulated Other
​ |  | Adjustment |  | Derivatives |  | Adjustment |  | Comprehensive Loss
Balance at January 1, 2021 | ​ | $ | (444) | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | (494) | ​ | $ | (938)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | (21) | ​ |  | (21)
Total other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes | ​ |  | (444) | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | (515) | ​ |  | (959)
Net amount reclassified to earnings | ​ |  | 11 | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | 11
Balance at March 31, 2021 | ​ | $ | (433) | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | (515) | ​ | $ | (948)

​

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

All reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss had an impact on direct operating costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

​

10. Segment reporting and concentrations

The Company’s operations are classified in three reporting segments: Digital Data Solutions (DDS), Synodex and Agility.

The DDS segment provides AI-enabled software platforms and managed services to companies that require high-quality data for training AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms, and AI digital transformation solutions to help companies apply AI/ML to real-world problems relating to analyzing and deriving insights from documents. In conjunction with AI digital transformation, the Company often provides a range of data engineering support services, including data transformation, data curation, data hygiene, data consolidation, data compliance, and master data management.

The Synodex segment provides an industry platform that transforms medical records into useable digital data organized in accordance with its proprietary data models or customer data models.

The Agility segment provides an industry platform that provides marketing communications and public relations professionals with the ability to target and distribute content to journalists and social media influencers world-wide and to monitor and analyze global news channels (print, web, radio and TV) and social media channels.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenue is generated from its locations in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and Israel.

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

Revenues from external customers, segment operating profit (loss), and other reportable segment information are as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Revenues: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
DDS | ​ | $ | 15,911 | ​ | $ | 11,764
Synodex | ​ |  | 1,669 | ​ |  | 1,018
Agility | ​ |  | 3,612 | ​ |  | 3,185
Total Consolidated | ​ | $ | 21,192 | ​ | $ | 15,967
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(1): | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
DDS | ​ | $ | 1,253 | ​ | $ | 654
Synodex | ​ |  | (988) | ​ |  | 108
Agility | ​ |  | (2,680) | ​ |  | (426)
Total Consolidated | ​ | $ | (2,415) | ​ | $ | 336
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(2): | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
DDS | ​ | $ | 1,096 | ​ | $ | 584
Synodex | ​ |  | (859) | ​ |  | 152
Agility | ​ |  | (2,652) | ​ |  | (400)
Total Consolidated | ​ | $ | (2,415) | ​ | $ | 336

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Total assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
DDS | ​ | $ | 34,255 | ​ | $ | 40,100
Synodex | ​ |  | 2,346 | ​ |  | 1,753
Agility | ​ |  | 18,333 | ​ |  | 17,364
Total Consolidated | ​ | $ | 54,934 | ​ | $ | 59,217

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Goodwill: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Agility | ​ | $ | 2,142 | ​ | $ | 2,143
Total | ​ | $ | 2,142 | ​ | $ | 2,143

(1) | Before elimination of any inter-segment profits

(2) | After elimination of any inter-segment profits

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

Revenues for the period ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 by geographic region (determined based upon customer’s domicile), were as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the Three Months Ended
​ | ​ | March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
United States | ​ | $ | 13,393 | ​ | $ | 8,220
United Kingdom | ​ |  | 3,082 | ​ |  | 2,802
The Netherlands | ​ |  | 1,652 | ​ |  | 1,654
Canada | ​ |  | 1,377 | ​ |  | 1,595
Others - principally Europe | ​ |  | 1,688 | ​ |  | 1,696
Totals | ​ | $ | 21,192 | ​ | $ | 15,967

​

Long-lived assets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 by geographic region were comprised of (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | March 31, |  | December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
United States | ​ | $ | 5,306 | ​ | $ | 4,578
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Foreign countries: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Canada | ​ |  | 8,411 | ​ |  | 9,280
United Kingdom | ​ |  | 1,443 | ​ |  | 1,538
Philippines | ​ |  | 3,959 | ​ |  | 4,027
India | ​ |  | 1,557 | ​ |  | 1,481
Sri Lanka | ​ |  | 198 | ​ |  | 154
Total foreign | ​ |  | 15,568 | ​ |  | 16,480
Totals | ​ | $ | 20,874 | ​ | $ | 21,058

​

Long-lived assets include the unamortized balance of right-of-use assets amounting to $4.6 million and $5.6 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

One customer in the DDS segment generated approximately 21% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Another customer in the DDS segment generated approximately 12% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, revenues from non-U.S. customers accounted for 37% and 49% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

As of March 31, 2022, approximately 31% of the Company’s accounts receivable was from foreign (principally European) customers and 31% of the Company’s accounts receivable was due from one customer. As of December 31, 2021, approximately 37% of the Company’s accounts receivable was from foreign (principally European) customers and 19% of the Company’s accounts receivable was due from one customer. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of the accounts receivable as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

​

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

11. Income (Loss) Per Share

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | For the Three Months Ended
​ | ​ | March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income (loss) attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries | ​ | $ | (2,815) | ​ | $ | 398
Weighted average common shares outstanding | ​ |  | 27,158 | ​ |  | 25,873
Dilutive effect of outstanding options | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | 3,579
Adjusted for dilutive computation | ​ |  | 27,158 | ​ |  | 29,452

​

Basic income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted income (loss) per share is computed by considering the impact of the potential issuance of common shares, using the treasury stock method, on the weighted-average number of shares outstanding. For those securities that are not convertible into a class of common stock, the “two-class” method of computing income (loss) per share is used.

Options to purchase 7.0 million shares of common stock for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. Options to purchase 0.3 million shares of common stock for the three months ended March 31, 2021 were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the exercise price of the options was greater than the average market price of the common shares.

​

12. Derivatives

The Company conducts a large portion of its operations in international markets, which subject it to foreign currency fluctuations. The most significant foreign currency exposures occur when revenue and associated accounts receivable are collected in one currency and expenses to generate that revenue are incurred in another currency. The Company is also subject to wage inflation and other government mandated increases and operating expenses in Asian countries where the Company has the majority of its operations. The Company’s primary inflation and exchange rate exposure relates to payroll, other payroll costs and operating expenses in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel.

In addition, although most of the Company’s revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars, a significant portion of total revenues is denominated in Canadian dollars, Pound Sterling and Euros.

The Company’s policy is to enter derivative instrument contracts with terms that coincide with the underlying exposure being hedged for a period up to 12 months. As such, the Company’s derivative instruments are expected to be highly effective. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the entire change in fair value of the hedging instrument is recorded to Other comprehensive income (loss). Upon settlement of these contracts, the change in the fair value recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified to earnings and included as part of Direct operating costs.

The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge transactions. The Company does not hold or issue derivatives for trading purposes. All derivatives are recognized at their fair value and classified based on the instrument’s maturity date. The total notional amount for outstanding derivatives designated as hedges was $20.4 million as of March 31, 2022. The total notional amount for outstanding derivatives designated as hedges was $19.7 million as of December 31, 2021.

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INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the fair value of derivative instruments included within the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Balance Sheet Location | ​ | Fair Value
​ |  | ​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Foreign currency forward contracts |  | Accrued expenses | ​ | $ | 348 | ​ | $ | 353

​

The effect of foreign currency forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | For the Three Months Ended
​ |  | March 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net gain (loss) recognized in OCI(1) | ​ | $ | (78) | ​ | $ | -
Net (gain) loss reclassified from accumulated OCI into income(2) | ​ | $ | 83 | ​ | $ | -
Net gain recognized in income(3) | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | -

(1) | Net change in fair value of the effective portion classified into other comprehensive income (“OCI”)

(2) | Effective portion classified within direct operating costs.

(3) | There were no ineffective portions for the period presented.

​

​

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Item 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Disclosures in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”) contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements concerning our operations, economic performance, and financial condition. Words such as “project,” “believe,” “expect,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “intend,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “anticipate,” “indicate,” “predict,” “likely,” “estimate,” “plan,” “potential,” or the negatives thereof, and other similar expressions generally identify forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations, assumptions and estimates and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, the expected or potential effects of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic and the responses of governments, the general global population, our customers, and the Company thereto; impacts resulting from the rapidly evolving conflict between Russia and the Ukraine; that contracts may be terminated by customers; projected or committed volumes of work may not materialize; continuing reliance on project-based work in the DDS segment and the primarily at-will nature of such contracts and the ability of these customers to reduce, delay or cancel projects; the likelihood of continued development of the markets, particularly new and emerging markets, that our services support; continuing DDS segment revenue concentration in a limited number of customers; potential inability to replace projects that are completed, canceled or reduced; our dependency on content providers in our Agility segment; difficulty in integrating and deriving synergies from acquisitions, joint venture and strategic investments; potential undiscovered liabilities of companies and businesses that we may acquire; potential impairment of the carrying value of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets of companies and businesses that we acquire; changes in our business or growth strategy, a continued downturn in or depressed market conditions, whether as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise; changes in external market factors; the ability and willingness of our customers and prospective customers to execute business plans that give rise to requirements for our services; changes in our business or growth strategy; the emergence of new, or growth in existing competitors; various other competitive and technological factors; the Company’s use of and reliance on information technology systems, including potential security breaches, cyber-attacks, privacy breaches or data breaches that result in the unauthorized disclosure of consumer, customer, employee or Company information, or service interruptions; and other risks and uncertainties indicated from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Our actual results could differ materially from the results referred to in forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, , uncertainty around the COVID-19 pandemic and the effects of the global response thereto and the risks discussed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” in “Part II, Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and other parts of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 24, 2022, and in other filings that we may make with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the results referred to in the forward-looking statements will occur, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof.

We undertake no obligation to update or review any guidance or other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by the federal securities laws.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand the results of operations and financial condition of Innodata Inc. and its subsidiaries and should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Report.

Business Overview

Innodata Inc. (NASDAQ: INOD) (including its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “Innodata”, “we”, “us” or “our”) is a global data engineering company. The Company’s mission is to deliver the promise of AI to the world’s most prestigious companies.

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We provide AI-enabled software platforms and managed service to companies that require high-quality data for training AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms. We also provide AI digital transformation solutions and platform to help companies apply AI/ML to real-world problems relating to analyzing and deriving insights from documents. For industry-specific, document-intensive industry business processes, we provide AI-augmented software-as-a-service (SaaS) platforms and discrete managed services.

Our platforms and services are powered by Goldengate, our proprietary AI/ML platform, as well as other technologies we have developed. In addition, we bring to bear more than 4,500 employees spanning eight countries with expertise in data pertaining to many professional fields. Our hybrid approach of using AI/ML in conjunction with human experts enables us to deliver superior data quality with even the most complex and sensitive data.

We developed our capabilities and honed our customer- and quality-centric culture progressively over the last 30 years creating high-quality data for many of the world’s most demanding information companies. Approximately six years ago, we formed Innodata Labs, a research and development center, to research, develop and apply machine learning and emerging AI to our large-scale, human-intensive data operations. In 2019, we began packaging the capabilities that emerged from our R&D efforts in order to align with several fast-growing new markets and help companies use AI/ML to drive performance benefits and business insights. We anticipate this strategy will enable us to accelerate growth.

AI Data Annotation

We train AI algorithms for social media companies, robotics companies, financial services companies, and many others, working with images, text, video and audio. Data sciences teams seek partners that can perform data preparation functions for them at large-scale and at high quality, while using automated tools to minimize cost. Moreover, as AI projects become more specialized and mission-critical, data preparation is becoming increasingly complex, requiring deep domain knowledge and an infrastructure in which data security is assured.

We utilize a variety of leading third-party image and video annotation tools. For text, we use our proprietary text annotation platform that incorporates AI to reduce cost while improving consistency and quality of output. Our proprietary text annotation platform features auto-tagging capabilities that apply to both classical and generative AI tasks. It also encapsulates many of the innovations we conceived of in the course of our 30-year history of creating high-quality data.

AI Digital Transformation

We also provide AI solutions and platforms to companies that intensively process textual data and seek to obtain the benefits of AI/ML technologies without having to develop AI/ML engineering capabilities in-house. For such companies, we often integrate one or more of our pre-trained text processing algorithms as a foundation for an overall solution. Our algorithms are accessible as microservices via application programming interfaces (APIs), enabling easy integration.

In conjunction with AI digital transformation, we often provide a range of data engineering support services, including data transformation, data curation, data hygiene, data consolidation, data compliance, and master data management.

Our customers span a diverse range of industries and a wide range of AI use cases, benefiting from the short time-to-value and high economic returns of our AI digital transformation solutions and platforms.

Industry AI Platforms

Our industry platforms address specific, niche market requirements that we believe we can fulfill in large part with our AI/ML technologies. We deploy these industry platforms as software-as-a-service (SaaS) and as managed services. To date, we have built an industry platform for medical records data extraction and transformation (which we brand as “Synodex®”) and an industry platform for public relations (which brands as “Agility PR Solutions”).

Our Synodex industry platform transforms medical records into useable digital data organized in accordance with our proprietary data models or customer data models.

Our Agility industry platform provides marketing communications and public relations professionals with the ability to target and distribute content to journalists and social media influencers world-wide and to monitor and analyze global news (print, web, radio and TV) and social media.

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Our operations are presently classified and reported in three reporting segments: Digital Data Solutions (DDS), Synodex and Agility

Prevailing Economic Conditions and Seasonality

Prevailing Economic Conditions

The novel coronavirus disease 2019, which the World Health Organization declared as a pandemic on March 11, 2020, continues to spread throughout the world. COVID-19 has created significant global economic downturn, disrupted global trade and supply chains, adversely impacted many industries, caused federal and regional governments to impose substantial restrictions on the operations of non-essential businesses and contributed to significant declines and volatility in financial markets.

While the pandemic presented, and may in the future present, new risks to our business and there have been logistical and other challenges, there was no material adverse impact on our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The situation surrounding the COVID-19 crisis remains fluid and the extent and duration of its impact to the economy remains unclear. For this reason, we cannot reasonably estimate with any degree of certainty the future impact that it may have on our results of operations and financial condition. The potential for a material impact on our results of operations and financial position increases the longer COVID-19 affects the level of economic activity in the United States and globally.

With the current level of demand for our services, we believe we have existing cash and cash equivalents that provide sufficient sources of liquidity to satisfy our financial needs for at least the next 12 months from the date of the filing of this Report (refer to Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources” for additional information). In the event we experience a significant or prolonged reduction in revenues, the likelihood of which is uncertain, we would seek to manage our liquidity by reducing capital expenditures, deferring investment activities, and reducing operating costs as we would likely have no other sources of liquidity to support ongoing operations in a manner that is not significantly detrimental to the business.

Seasonality

Our quarterly operating results are subject to certain fluctuations. We experience fluctuations in our revenue and earnings as we replace and begin new projects, which may have some normal start-up delays, or we may be unable to replace a project entirely. These and other factors may contribute to fluctuations in our operating results from quarter to quarter. In addition, as some of our Asian facilities are closed during holidays in the fourth quarter, we typically incur higher wages, due to overtime, that reduce our margins.

Our Synodex subsidiary experiences seasonal fluctuations in revenues. Typically, revenue is lowest in the third quarter of the calendar year and highest in the fourth quarter of the calendar year. The seasonality is directly linked to the number of life insurance applications received by the insurance companies.

For further information refer to the risk factor titled “Quarterly fluctuations in our revenues and results of operations could make financial forecasting difficult and could negatively affect our stock price.” in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Trends

We view new customer acquisition as an indicator of our business momentum, sales and marketing efficiency, and competitive market positioning. In the three months ended March 31, 2022, we added 121 new customers across our segments. This is a 96% increase over the 62 new customers we added on average per quarter in 2020 and a 30% increase over the 93 new customers we added on average per quarter in 2021.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to the financial information prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP (“GAAP”), we provide certain non-GAAP financial information. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures assist investors in making comparisons of period-to-period operating results. In some respects, management believes non-GAAP financial measures are more indicative of our ongoing core operating performance than their GAAP equivalents by making adjustments that management believes are reflective of the ongoing performance of the business.

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We believe that the presentation of this non-GAAP financial information provides investors with greater transparency by providing investors a more complete understanding of our financial performance, competitive position, and prospects for the future, particularly by providing the same information that management and our Board of Directors uses to evaluate our performance and manage the business. However, the non-GAAP financial measures presented in this Press Release have certain limitations in that they do not reflect all of the costs associated with the operations of our business as determined in accordance with GAAP. Therefore, investors should consider non-GAAP financial measures in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or as superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Further, the non-GAAP financial measures that we present may differ from similar non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.

Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) attributable to Innodata Inc. and its subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization of intangible assets (which derives EBITDA), plus additional adjustments for loss on impairment of intangibles assets and goodwill, stock-based compensation, income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests and other one-time costs. We use Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate core results of operations and trends between fiscal periods and believe that these measures are important components of our internal performance measurement process.

A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable GAAP measure is included in the tables that accompany this release.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
Consolidated | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income (loss) attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries | ​ | $ | (2,815) | ​ | $ | 398
Provision for income taxes | ​ |  | 475 | ​ |  | (73)
Interest expense, net | ​ |  | 3 | ​ |  | 10
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | 873 | ​ |  | 697
Stock-based compensation | ​ |  | 537 | ​ |  | 278
Non-controlling interests | ​ |  | (75) | ​ |  | 11
Adjusted EBITDA income (loss) - Consolidated | ​ | $ | (1,002) | ​ | $ | 1,321

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
DDS Segment | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income attributable to DDS Segment | ​ | $ | 564 | ​ | $ | 680
Provision for income taxes | ​ |  | 533 | ​ |  | (95)
Interest expense, net | ​ |  | 3 | ​ |  | 9
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | 224 | ​ |  | 160
Stock-based compensation | ​ |  | 371 | ​ |  | 216
Non-controlling interests | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | (1)
Adjusted EBITDA - DDS Segment | ​ | $ | 1,695 | ​ | $ | 969

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
Synodex Segment | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income (loss) attributable to Synodex Segment | ​ | $ | (785) | ​ | $ | 140
Depreciation and amortization | ​ | $ | 41 | ​ | $ | -
Stock-based compensation | ​ |  | 49 | ​ |  | 7
Non-controlling interests | ​ |  | (75) | ​ |  | 12
Adjusted EBITDA income (loss) - Synodex Segment | ​ | $ | (770) | ​ | $ | 159

​

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended March 31,
Agility Segment | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net loss attributable to Agility Segment | ​ | $ | (2,594) | ​ | $ | (422)
Provision for income taxes | ​ |  | (58) | ​ |  | 22
Interest expense, net | ​ |  | - | ​ |  | 1
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | 608 | ​ |  | 537
Stock-based compensation | ​ |  | 117 | ​ |  | 55
Adjusted EBITDA income (loss) - Agility Segment | ​ | $ | (1,927) | ​ | $ | 193

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Results of Operations

Amounts in the MD&A below have been rounded. All percentages have been calculated using rounded amounts.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021

Revenues

Total revenues were $21.2 million and $16.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $5.2 million or approximately 33%.

Revenues from the DDS segment were $15.9 million and $11.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively, an increase of $4.1 million or approximately 35%. The increase was primarily attributable to higher volume from an existing customer.

Revenues from the Synodex segment were $1.7 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively, an increase of $0.7 million or approximately 70%. The increase was primarily attributable to higher volume from an existing customer.

Revenues from the Agility segment were $3.6 million and $3.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively, an increase of $0.4 million or approximately 13%. The increase was principally attributable to higher volumes from subscriptions to our Agility AI-enabled industry platform and newswire product.

One customer in the DDS segment generated approximately 21% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Another customer in the DDS segment generated approximately 12% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, revenues from non-U.S. customers accounted for 37% and 49% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Direct Operating Costs

Direct operating costs consist of direct and indirect labor costs, occupancy costs, data center hosting fees, cloud services, content acquisition costs, depreciation and amortization, travel, telecommunications, computer services and supplies, realized gain (loss) on forward contracts, foreign currency revaluation gain (loss), and other direct expenses that are incurred in providing services to our customers.

Direct operating costs were $13.4 million and $10.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $3.3 million or 33%. The cost increase primarily supported our growth initiatives across all business segments. Direct operating cost increases include direct and indirect labor related costs of $2.8 million, cloud services, occupancy, depreciation and amortization of capitalized developed software of $0.7 million. These cost increases were offset in part by the favorable impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations of $0.2 million. Direct operating costs as a percentage of total revenues were 63% for each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

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Direct operating costs for the DDS segment were approximately $9.3 million and $7.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $1.7 million or 22%. The cost increase primarily supported our growth initiatives. Direct operating cost increases include direct and indirect labor costs of $1.7 million, and other direct operating costs of $0.3 million. These cost increases were offset in part by the favorable impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations of $0.3 million. Direct operating costs as percentage of DDS segment revenues were 58% and 64% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in direct operating costs as a percentage of segment revenues was primarily attributable to increased revenues, offset in part by an increase in direct operating costs.

Direct operating costs for the Synodex segment was $1.9 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $1.2 million. The increase was primarily due to an increase in direct labor costs in anticipation of increased revenues in the coming quarters combined with the timing of new technology roll-out to support our growth initiatives. Direct operating costs for the Synodex segment as a percentage of Synodex segment revenues were 112% and 70% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in direct operating costs as a percentage of segment revenues was due to an increase in direct operating costs offset in part by an increase in revenues.

Direct operating costs for the Agility segment were $2.2 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $0.4 million or 21%. The increase was primarily due to higher content costs of $0.2 million, amortization of capitalized developed software of $0.1 million and other net increases of $0.1 million. Direct operating costs for the Agility segment as a percentage of Agility segment revenues were 61% and 56% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in direct operating costs as a percentage of segment revenues was primarily due to increase in direct operating costs offset by increased revenues from subscriptions to our Agility AI-enabled platform and newswire products.

Selling and Administrative Expenses

Selling and administrative expenses consist of management and administrative payroll and related costs including commissions, bonuses, and stock-based compensation, marketing costs, new services research and related software development, third-party software, advertising, trade conferences, professional fees and consultant costs, and other administrative overhead costs.

Selling and administrative expenses were $10.2 million and $5.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $4.7 million or 85%. The cost increase primarily supported our growth initiatives across all business segments. The selling and administrative cost increases include payroll related costs for new hires, stock-based compensation, commissions, incentives, bonuses, and recruitment and professional fees of $3.6 million, marketing related activities of $0.8 million, and a $0.3 million increase in other selling and administrative costs. Selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues were 48% and 34% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues was primarily attributable to higher expenditures in all segments, offset in part by increased revenues in all segments.

Selling and administrative expenses for the DDS segment were $5.5 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $2.0 million or 57%. The cost increase primarily supported our growth initiatives. The selling and administrative cost increases include payroll related costs for new hires, stock-based compensation, commissions, incentives, bonuses, and recruitment fees of $0.9 million, marketing related activities of $0.4 million, professional fees of $0.3 million and an increase in other selling and administrative expenses of $0.4 million. Selling, and administrative expenses as a percentage of DDS revenues were 35% and 30% for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues was primarily attributable to higher expenditures offset in part by increased revenues.

Selling and administrative expenses for the Synodex segment were $0.6 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $0.4 million. The increase was primarily attributable to payroll related costs and recruitment fees for new hires and other professional fees of $0.4 million to support our growth initiatives. Selling and administrative expenses for the Synodex segment as a percentage of Synodex segment revenues were 35% and 20% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of segment revenues was primarily attributable to higher expenditures offset in part by higher revenues.

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Selling and administrative expenses for the Agility segment were $4.1 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, an increase of $2.3 million. The cost increase primarily supported our growth initiatives. The selling and administrative costs increases include payroll related costs for new hires, stock-based compensation, commissions, incentives of $1.9 million, marketing related activity costs and other net increases of $0.4 million. Selling and administrative expenses for the Agility segment as a percentage of Agility segment revenues were 114% and 56% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of segment revenues was primarily due to higher expenditures, offset in part by an increase in revenues.

Income Taxes

We recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to a tax benefit of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Taxes primarily consist of a provision for foreign taxes recorded in accordance with the local tax regulations by our foreign subsidiaries. Effective income tax rates are disproportionate due to the losses incurred by our U.S. entity and our Canadian subsidiaries, and a valuation allowance recorded on deferred taxes on these entities and tax effects of foreign operations, including foreign exchange gains and losses.

Net Income (Loss)

We incurred a net loss of $2.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to a net income of $0.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021. The $3.2 million change was a result of higher operating costs in all segments in the current quarter, offset in part by higher revenues in all segments.

Net income for the DDS segment was $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to a net income of $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The change of $0.1 million was primarily attributable to an increase in operating costs, offset in part by an increase in revenues in the current quarter.

Net loss for the Synodex segment was $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to a net income of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The $0.9 million change was due to higher operating costs, offset in part by higher revenues in the current quarter.

Net loss for the Agility segment was $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to net loss of $ 0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The $3.0 million change was due to higher operating costs, offset in part by higher revenues in the current quarter.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was a loss $1.0 million compared to income of $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The $2.3 million decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was due to the higher net loss reduced in part by higher provisions for income taxes, stock-based compensation and depreciation and amortization.

Adjusted EBITDA for the DDS segment was $1.7 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The $0.7 million increase in Adjusted EBITDA is the result of higher provision for income taxes which was offset in part by lower net income for the DDS segment.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Synodex segment was a loss $0.8 million and income of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The $1.0 million decrease in Adjusted EBITDA is due to the effect of a higher loss in the segment.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Agility segment was a loss of $1.9 million and income of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The $2.1 million decrease in Adjusted EBITDA is due to the effect of a higher loss in the segment.

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable GAAP measure, please see the description of “Non-GAAP Financial Measures – Adjusted EBITDA” above.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Selected measures of liquidity and capital resources, expressed in thousands, were as follows:

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | March 31, |  | December 31,
​ | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 15,427 | ​ | $ | 18,902
Working capital | ​ |  | 9,640 | ​ |  | 12,658

​

At March 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $15.4 million, of which $10.3 million was held by our foreign subsidiaries, and $5.1 million was held in the United States. Despite our ability under existing tax law to repatriate funds from overseas after paying the toll charge, it is our intent as of March 31, 2022, to indefinitely reinvest the overseas funds in our foreign subsidiaries on account of the withholding tax that we would have to incur on the actual remittances.

We have used, and plan to use, its cash and cash equivalents for (i) capital investments; (ii) the expansion of our operations; (iii) technology innovation; (iv) hiring of sales personnel; (v) product management and strategic marketing; (vi) general corporate purposes, including working capital; and (vii) possible business acquisitions. We had working capital of approximately $9.6 million and $12.7 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The decrease in working capital was due decrease in cash to fund our growth initiatives.

We did not have any material commitments for capital expenditures as of March 31, 2022.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and internally generated funds will provide sufficient sources of liquidity to satisfy our financial needs for at least the next 12 months from the date of this Report. However, we have no bank facilities or lines of credit. Decrease in our cash and cash equivalents from operating losses, capital expenditures, adverse legal decisions, acquisitions or otherwise could materially and adversely affect the Company.

Cash Flows

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

Cash used in our operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $1.5 million primarily on account of the following factors: our net loss for the period of $2.9 million; a source of $1.6 million from non-cash expenses consisting of depreciation and amortization of $0.9 million, stock-based compensation of $0.5 million and a loss $0.1 million on termination of one of our operating lease contracts. Net changes from working capital accounts further utilized an additional $0.2 million in working capital, mainly from an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $0.5 million and an increase in accrued salaries, wages and related benefits of $0.4 million; offset in part by a decrease in accounts receivable of $0.5 million and a net reduction in other working capital accounts of $0.2 million. Refer to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for further details.

Cash provided by our operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $0.8 million primarily on account of the following factors: our net income for the period of $0.4 million; a source of $1.1 million from non-cash expenses consisting of depreciation and amortization of $0.7 million, stock-based compensation of $0.3 million and pension cost of $0.1 million, offset by net changes from working capital accounts for a use of $0.7 million. Refer to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for further details.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, cash used in our investing activities was $1.9 million and $0.5 million, respectively. These capital expenditures were principally for the purchase of technology equipment including servers, network infrastructure and workstations, and expenditures for capitalized developed software

During the next 12 months, it is anticipated that capital expenditures for ongoing technology, equipment and infrastructure upgrades will approximate to $11.0 million, a portion of which we may finance.

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities

Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $12,000.

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Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was from proceeds from stock option exercises of $0.6 million. Cash paid for withholding taxes on net settlement exercises for the three months ended March 31, 2021 were $0.8 million. Payments of long-term obligations were $39,000 and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our results of operations, liquidity and capital resources is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived assets, intangible assets, goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, value of securities underlying stock-based compensation, litigation accruals, pension benefits, purchase price allocation of Agility, valuation of derivative instruments and estimated accruals for various tax exposures. We base our estimates on historical and anticipated results and trends and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. These estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Actual results may differ from our estimates and could have a significant adverse effect on our condensed consolidated results of operations and financial position.

The significant accounting policies used in preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements contained in this Report are the same as those described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, unless otherwise noted, and we believe those critical accounting policies affect our more significant estimates and judgments in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable for smaller reporting companies.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. We have completed the implementation of measures designed to improve our disclosure controls and procedures, which included hiring a third party consultant, more thoroughly documenting our policies and procedures, and conducting a more efficient review process.

Under the supervision, and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined under Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), as of March 31, 2022. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2022, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Note 4, Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated by reference herein.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

There were no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no sales of unregistered equity securities or repurchases of equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

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Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

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Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

​

Exhibit No. |  | Description
​ | ​ | ​
31.1* | ​ | Certificate of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
​ | ​ | ​
31.2* | ​ | Certificate of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
​ | ​ | ​
32.1** | ​ | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
​ | ​ | ​
32.2** | ​ | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
​ | ​ | ​
101 | ​ | The following materials from Innodata Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2022, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 (unaudited) and December 31, 2021; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited); (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited); (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).
​ | ​ | ​
104 | ​ | Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.

* | Filed herewith.

** | In accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 are being furnished and not filed.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

INNODATA INC.

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​ | Date: | May 13, 2022 | /s/ Jack S. Abuhoff
​ | Jack S. Abuhoff
​ | Chief Executive Officer and President
​ | ​
​ | Date: | May 13, 2022 | /s/ Marissa B. Espineli
​ | Marissa B. Espineli
​ | Interim Chief Financial Officer
​ | (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

​

​

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