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INCOME TAXES (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Components of the Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes | The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes are as follows:
| Year Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Current: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 150,273 |  |  | $ | 40,245 |  |  | $ | (15,466) |
Foreign | 12,883 |  |  | 10,703 |  |  | 772 |
State | 16,523 |  |  | 1,906 |  |  | 725 |
| 179,679 |  |  | 52,854 |  |  | (13,969) |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | (20,337) |  |  | (32,382) |  |  | (81,760) |
Foreign | (1,254) |  |  | (1,310) |  |  | 4,106 |
State | 1,191 |  |  | 5,204 |  |  | (12,098) |
| (20,400) |  |  | (28,488) |  |  | (89,752) |
Total provision (benefit) | $ | 159,279 |  |  | $ | 24,366 |  |  | $ | (103,721) |
Schedule of Domestic and Foreign Income (Loss) before Income Taxes | The amounts of domestic and foreign income (loss) before income taxes are as follows:
| Year Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Domestic | $ | 584,891 |  |  | $ | (14,411) |  |  | $ | (412,556) |
Foreign | 8,488 |  |  | 45,730 |  |  | (17,315) |
| $ | 593,379 |  |  | $ | 31,319 |  |  | $ | (429,871) |
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rates as Compared to the U.S. Federal Income Tax Rate | The reconciliation of our effective income tax rates to the U.S. Federal income tax rate is as follows:
| Year Ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
U.S. Federal income tax rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
Effect of foreign taxes | 2.1 |  |  | 31.3 |  |  | 0.1 |
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit | 2.4 |  |  | 21.4 |  |  | 2.7 |
Other impact of foreign operations | 0.2 |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | 0.5 |
Non-deductible meals and entertainment | 0.6 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | (0.1) |
Equity compensation | (0.1) |  |  | 9.5 |  |  | (0.8) |
Excess officer's compensation | 0.4 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | — |
Foreign derived intangible income | — |  |  | (13.7) |  |  | — |
Other | 0.2 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.7 |
Effective income tax rate | 26.8 | % |  | 77.8 | % |  | 24.1 | %
Schedule of Components of Net Deferred Tax Liabilities | The components of our net deferred tax liabilities are as follows:
| September 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment | $ | 532,827 |  |  | $ | 558,293 |
Marketable securities | 14,626 |  |  | 9,766 |
Other | 27,980 |  |  | 24,460 |
Total deferred tax liabilities | 575,433 |  |  | 592,519 |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |
Pension reserves | 3,083 |  |  | 4,811 |
Self-insurance reserves | 6,235 |  |  | 7,333 |
Net operating loss, foreign tax credit, and other federal tax credit carryforwards | 6,770 |  |  | 8,673 |
Financial accruals | 29,449 |  |  | 31,022 |
Other | 21,647 |  |  | 13,678 |
Total deferred tax assets | 67,184 |  |  | 65,517 |
Valuation allowance | (9,560) |  |  | (10,710) |
Net deferred tax assets | 57,624 |  |  | 54,807 |
Net deferred tax liabilities | $ | 517,809 |  |  | $ | 537,712 |
Schedule of Reconciliation of the Change in Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits | A reconciliation of the change in our gross unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Unrecognized tax benefits at October 1, | $ | 960 |  |  | $ | 1,678 |  |  | $ | 13,440 |
Gross decreases - current period effect of tax positions | (534) |  |  | (718) |  |  | (11,648) |
Gross increases - current period effect of tax positions | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Expiration of statute of limitations for assessments | (185) |  |  | — |  |  | (114) |
Unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, | $ | 247 |  |  | $ | 960 |  |  | $ | 1,678 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure for tax positions taken in the tax returns filed or to be filed for which it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities and other income tax contingencies. Includes, but is not limited to, interest and penalties, reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits, unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, tax years that remain subject to examination by tax jurisdictions, and information about positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts unrecognized will significantly change within 12 months. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-15 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 15A -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-15A Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 19 -SubTopic 10 -Topic 740 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-19 + Details
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