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INCOME TAXES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of the Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes are as follows:

			Year Ended September 30,
(in thousands)			2023						2022						2021
Current:
Federal			$	150,273					$	40,245					$	(15,466)
Foreign			12,883						10,703						772
State			16,523						1,906						725
			179,679						52,854						(13,969)
Deferred:
Federal			(20,337)						(32,382)						(81,760)
Foreign			(1,254)						(1,310)						4,106
State			1,191						5,204						(12,098)
			(20,400)						(28,488)						(89,752)
Total provision (benefit)			$	159,279					$	24,366					$	(103,721)

Schedule of Domestic and Foreign Income (Loss) before Income Taxes

The amounts of domestic and foreign income (loss) before income taxes are as follows:

			Year Ended September 30,
(in thousands)			2023						2022						2021
Domestic			$	584,891					$	(14,411)					$	(412,556)
Foreign			8,488						45,730						(17,315)
			$	593,379					$	31,319					$	(429,871)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rates as Compared to the U.S. Federal Income Tax Rate

The reconciliation of our effective income tax rates to the U.S. Federal income tax rate is as follows:

			Year Ended September 30,
			2023						2022						2021
U.S. Federal income tax rate			21.0		%				21.0		%				21.0		%
Effect of foreign taxes			2.1						31.3						0.1
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit			2.4						21.4						2.7
Other impact of foreign operations			0.2						3.2						0.5
Non-deductible meals and entertainment			0.6						1.0						(0.1)
Equity compensation			(0.1)						9.5						(0.8)
Excess officer's compensation			0.4						3.7						—
Foreign derived intangible income			—						(13.7)						—
Other			0.2						0.4						0.7
Effective income tax rate			26.8		%				77.8		%				24.1		%

Schedule of Components of Net Deferred Tax Liabilities

The components of our net deferred tax liabilities are as follows:

			September 30,
(in thousands)			2023						2022
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment			$	532,827					$	558,293
Marketable securities			14,626						9,766
Other			27,980						24,460
Total deferred tax liabilities			575,433						592,519
Deferred tax assets:
Pension reserves			3,083						4,811
Self-insurance reserves			6,235						7,333
Net operating loss, foreign tax credit, and other federal tax credit carryforwards			6,770						8,673
Financial accruals			29,449						31,022
Other			21,647						13,678
Total deferred tax assets			67,184						65,517
Valuation allowance			(9,560)						(10,710)
Net deferred tax assets			57,624						54,807
Net deferred tax liabilities			$	517,809					$	537,712

Schedule of Reconciliation of the Change in Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of the change in our gross unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:

(in thousands)			2023						2022						2021
Unrecognized tax benefits at October 1,			$	960					$	1,678					$	13,440
Gross decreases - current period effect of tax positions			(534)						(718)						(11,648)
Gross increases - current period effect of tax positions			6						—						—
Expiration of statute of limitations for assessments			(185)						—						(114)
Unrecognized tax benefits at September 30,			$	247					$	960					$	1,678

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

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Tabular disclosure for tax positions taken in the tax returns filed or to be filed for which it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities and other income tax contingencies. Includes, but is not limited to, interest and penalties, reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits, unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, tax years that remain subject to examination by tax jurisdictions, and information about positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts unrecognized will significantly change within 12 months.

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