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INCOME TAXES
 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
NOTE 6 INCOME TAXES
We use an estimated annual effective tax rate for purposes of determining the income tax provision during interim reporting periods. In calculating our estimated annual effective tax rate, we consider forecasted annual pre-tax income and estimated permanent book versus tax differences. Adjustments to the effective tax rate and estimates could occur during the year as information and assumptions change which could include, but are not limited to, changes to the forecasted amounts, estimates of permanent book versus tax differences, and changes to tax laws and rates.
Our income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $32.2 million and $51.1 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 27.5 percent and 23.8 percent, respectively. Our income tax expense for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $62.3 million and $83.5 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 25.7 percent and 24.2 percent, respectively. Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes, and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2024 differs from U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to a discrete tax benefit of $0.9 million related to equity compensation.
Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes, and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to a discrete tax expense of $0.2 million related to equity compensation.
As of March 31, 2024, we have recorded unrecognized tax benefits and related interest and penalties of approximately $3.4 million. We believe it is reasonably possible that up to $2.8 million of the unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties will be recognized as of June 30, 2024 as a result of a lapse of the statute of limitations. We cannot predict with certainty if we will achieve ultimate resolution of any additional uncertain tax positions associated with our U.S. and international operations resulting in any additional material increases or decreases of our unrecognized tax benefits for the next twelve months.