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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value Measurements, Recurring and Nonrecurring

The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the level in the fair value hierarchy in which we classify the fair value measurement as of the dates indicated below.

			September 30, 2025
(in thousands)			Fair Value						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities			$	21,302					$	—					$	21,302					$	—
Total			21,302						—						21,302						—
Long-term investments:
Recurring fair value measurements:
Equity securities:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan			17,662						17,662						—						—
Investment in Tamboran			25,976						25,976						—						—
Other equity securities			1,449						1,449						—						—
Debt securities:
Investment in Galileo, net			—						—						—						—
Geothermal debt securities, net			2,000						—						—						2,000
Other debt securities			250						—						—						250
Total			$	47,337					$	45,087					$	—					$	2,250

These investments are measured at cost, less any impairments.

			September 30, 2024
(in thousands)			Fair Value						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities			$	33,813					$	—					$	33,813					$	—
U.S. government and federal agency securities			53,490						53,490						—						—
Investment in ADNOC Drilling			205,616						205,616						—						—
Total			292,919						259,106						33,813						—
Long-term investments:
Recurring fair value measurements:
Equity securities:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan			15,633						15,633						—						—
Investment in Tamboran			20,958						20,958						—						—
Debt securities:
Investment in Galileo			27,044						—						—						27,044
Geothermal debt securities, net			2,000						—						—						2,000
Other debt securities			4,588						4,338						—						250
Total			$	70,223					$	40,929					$	—					$	29,294

Schedule of Fair Value, Debt Security Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation

The following table provides quantitative information (in thousands) about our Level 3 unobservable significant inputs related to our debt security investment with Galileo at September 30, 2024:

Fair Value (in thousands)						Valuation Technique						Unobservable Inputs
$	27,044					Black-Scholes-Merton model						Discount rate			18.7		%
												Risk-free rate			3.5		%
												Equity volatility			66.0		%

Schedule of Reconciliation of Long Term Debt Securities Available For Sale, Classified as Level 3

The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 assets for the periods presented below:

			Year Ended September 30,
(in thousands)			2025						2024
Assets at beginning of period			$	29,294					$	37,440
Purchases			—						250
Accrued interest			1,860						1,771
Total gains or (losses):
Included in earnings			(29,287)						(10,167)
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)			383						—
Assets at end of period			$	2,250					$	29,294

			Year Ended September 30,
(in thousands)			2025						2024
Assets at beginning of period			$	30,090					$	28,232
Purchases			2,769						3,870
Disposals1			(27,117)						(616)
Transfer in			320						—
Total gains or (losses):
Included in earnings2			14,799						(1,396)
Assets at end of period			$	20,861					$	30,090

(1)During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2025, we liquidated one of our geothermal equity investments for $27.1 million.

(2)The gains recorded during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2025 were attributable to the change in fair value of various geothermal equity investments as a result of disposals or observable price changes in identical or similar investments during the periods.

Schedule of Supplemental Fair Value Information about Long-Term Fixed-Rate Debt

The following information presents the supplemental fair value information for our long-term fixed-rate debt at September 30, 2025 and 2024:

			Carrying Value at September 30, 2025						Fair Value at September 30, 2025 Using Inputs Considered as:
(in thousands)									Level 1						Level 2						Level 3
Unsecured senior notes:
2027 Notes			$	347,675					$	—					$	352,261					$	—
2029 Notes			346,602						—						348,688						—
2031 Notes			546,336						—						486,343						—
2034 Notes			543,197						—						538,417						—
Unsecured term loan credit agreement:
2027 Term Loan			199,020						—						201,292						—
Secured term loan credit agreements:
2023 Oman Facility1			35,465						—						—						35,465
2024 Oman Facility1			38,789						—						—						38,789
Total long-term debt, net of current portion			$	2,057,084					$	—					$	1,927,001					$	74,254

(1)The secured term credit agreements are classified as nonpublic debt, meaning their value was directly negotiated between the involved parties and is not observable in the market. As a result, they are categorized as Level 3. Since this debt is nonpublic, the carrying value and the fair value of the loans are identical.

			Carrying Value at September 30, 2024						Fair Value at September 30, 2024 Using Inputs Considered as:
(in thousands)									Level 1						Level 2						Level 3
Unsecured senior notes:
2027 Notes			$	347,093					$	—					$	350,700					$	—
2029 Notes			346,297						—						345,100						—
2031 Notes			545,738						—						471,350						—
2034 Notes			543,054						—						535,700						—
Total long-term debt			$	1,782,182					$	—					$	1,702,850					$	—

X

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of financial instrument measured at fair value on recurring or nonrecurring basis. Includes, but is not limited to, instrument classified in shareholders' equity.

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