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BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
 3 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
NOTE 13 BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Description of the Business
We are a performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies company based in Tulsa, Oklahoma with operations in all major U.S. onshore oil and gas producing basins as well as South America, the Middle East and Australia. Our drilling operations consist mainly of contracting Company-owned drilling equipment primarily to large oil and gas exploration companies. We believe we are the recognized industry leader in drilling as well as technological innovation. We focus on offering our customers an integrated solutions-based approach by combining proprietary rig technology, automation software, and digital expertise into our rig operations rather than a product-based offering, such as a rig or separate technology package. Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating business segments: North America Solutions, International Solutions, and Offshore Gulf of Mexico. 
Each reportable operating segment is a strategic business unit that is managed separately, and consolidated revenues and expenses reflect the elimination of all material intercompany transactions. Our real estate operations and our wholly-owned captive insurance companies are included in "Other." External revenues included in “Other” primarily consist of rental income.
Segment Performance
We evaluate segment performance based on income, segment operating income (loss) before income taxes which includes:
•Revenues from external and internal customers
•Direct operating costs
•Depreciation and amortization
•Research and development
•Allocated general and administrative expenses
but excludes acquisition transaction costs, gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment, other gain (loss) on sale of assets, corporate selling, general and administrative costs, and corporate depreciation.
General and administrative costs are allocated to the segments based primarily on specific identification and, to the extent that such identification is not practical, other methods may be used which we believe to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided.
Summarized financial information of our reportable segments for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is shown in the following tables:
Three Months Ended December 31, 2024
(in thousands)North America SolutionsInternational SolutionsOffshore Gulf of MexicoOtherEliminationsTotal
External sales$597,923 $47,480 $29,210 $2,689 $— $677,302 
Intersegment222 — — 16,593 (16,815)— 
Total sales598,145 47,480 29,210 19,282 (16,815)677,302 
Segment operating income (loss)
$151,994 $(15,170)$3,505 $774 $102 $141,205 
Three Months Ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands)North America SolutionsInternational SolutionsOffshore Gulf of MexicoOtherEliminationsTotal
External sales$594,282 $54,752 $25,531 $2,582 $— $677,147 
Intersegment— — — 15,226 (15,226)— 
Total sales594,282 54,752 25,531 17,808 (15,226)677,147 
Segment operating income (loss)
$144,490 $5,423 $3,052 $(67)$334 $153,232 
The following table reconciles segment operating income per the tables above to income before income taxes as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Three Months Ended
December 31,
(in thousands)20242023
Segment operating income$141,205 $153,232 
Acquisition transaction costs(10,535)— 
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment9,403 7,494 
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets(1,673)2,443 
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs and corporate depreciation(48,417)(39,701)
Operating income89,983 123,468 
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income21,741 10,734 
Interest expense(22,298)(4,372)
Loss on investment securities(13,367)(4,034)
Other360 (543)
Total unallocated amounts(13,564)1,785 
Income before income taxes$76,419 $125,253 
The following table reconciles segment total assets to total assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
(in thousands)December 31, 2024September 30, 2024
Total assets1
North America Solutions$3,102,356 $3,225,410 
International Solutions806,521 685,833 
Offshore Gulf of Mexico69,542 73,119 
Other163,659 157,877 
4,142,078 4,142,239 
Investments and corporate operations1,674,543 1,639,659 
$5,816,621 $5,781,898 
(1)Assets by segment exclude investments in subsidiaries and intersegment activity.
The following table presents revenues from external customers by country based on the location of service provided:
Three Months Ended
December 31,
(in thousands)20242023
Operating revenues
United States$628,680 $621,617 
Argentina34,660 35,876 
Bahrain4,848 4,497 
Australia4,757 4,312 
Saudi Arabia3,231 — 
Colombia— 7,703 
United Arab Emirates— 2,365 
Other foreign1,126 777 
Total$677,302 $677,147 
Refer to Note 8—Revenue from Contracts with Customers for additional information regarding the recognition of revenue.