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Goodwill and other intangible assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Intangible assets and goodwill [abstract] |
Goodwill and other intangible assets | Goodwill and other intangible assets Movements in goodwill comprise:
(€ million) | Goodwill
Balance at January 1, 2020 | 44,519 |
Acquisitions during the period | 1,843 |
Other movements during the period(a) | (75) |
Currency translation differences | (1,923) |
Balance at December 31, 2020 | 44,364 |
Acquisitions during the period | 2,179 |
Other movements during the period(a) | (89) |
Currency translation differences | 1,602 |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | 48,056 |
Acquisitions during the period | 609 |
Other movements during the period(a) | (258) |
Currency translation differences | 1,485 |
Balance at December 31, 2022 | 49,892 |
(a) This line mainly comprises the amount of goodwill allocated to divested operations in accordance with paragraph 86 of IAS 36, and in 2022 the sale of EUROAPI (see note D.1.). Acquisition of Amunix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2022) The final purchase price allocation for Amunix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. resulted in the recognition of intangible assets (other than goodwill) o f €493 million as of the acquisition date (February 8, 2022), and of goodwill provisionally measured at €609 million as of the acquisition date (see Note D.1.). Acquisition of Translate Bio (2021) The final purchase price allocation for Translate Bio resulted in the recognition of intangible a ssets (other than goodwill) of €396 million as of the acquisition date (September 14, 2021), and of goodwill measured at €2,118 million as of the acquisition date (see Note D.2.1.). Acquisition of Principia (2020) The final purchase price allocation for Principia resulted in the recognition of in tangible assets (other than goodwill) of €2,534 million as of the acquisition date (September 28, 2020), and of goodwill measured at €912 million as of the acquisition date (se e Note D.2.2.). Acquisition of Synthorx (2020) The final purchase price allocation for Synthorx resulted in the recognition of intangible a ssets (other than goodwill) totaling €1,549 million as of the acquisition date (January 23, 2020), and of goodwill measured at €930 million as o f the acquisition date (see Note D.2.2.). Movements in other intangible assets comprise:
(€ million) | Acquired R&D | Products, trademarks and other rights | Software |  | Total other intangible assets
Gross value at January 1, 2020(a) | 5,730 |  | 63,953 |  | 1,613 |  |  | 71,296 |
Changes in scope of consolidation | 3,951 |  | 132 |  | — |  |  | 4,083 |
Acquisitions and other increases(a) | 654 |  | 58 |  | 106 |  |  | 818 |
Disposals and other decreases | (44) |  | (243) |  | (46) |  |  | (333) |
Currency translation differences(a) | (593) |  | (2,926) |  | (38) |  |  | (3,557) |
Transfers(b) | (98) |  | 100 |  | (2) |  |  | — |
Gross value at December 31, 2020(a) | 9,600 |  | 61,074 |  | 1,633 |  |  | 72,307 |
Changes in scope of consolidation(c) | 1,805 |  | 1,821 |  | — |  |  | 3,626 |
Acquisitions and other increases | 339 |  | 159 |  | 118 |  |  | 616 |
Disposals and other decreases | (313) |  | (173) |  | (16) |  |  | (502) |
Currency translation differences | 560 |  | 2,234 |  | 24 |  |  | 2,818 |
Transfers(b) | (784) |  | 791 |  | (7) |  |  | — |
Gross value at December 31, 2021 | 11,207 |  | 65,906 |  | 1,752 |  |  | 78,865 |
Changes in scope of consolidation(c) | — |  | 499 |  | (35) |  |  | 464 |
Acquisitions and other increases | 277 |  | 195 |  | 99 |  |  | 571 |
Disposals and other decreases | (72) |  | (423) |  | (48) |  |  | (543) |
Currency translation differences | 518 |  | 1,994 |  | 21 |  |  | 2,533 |
Transfers(b) | (1,576) |  | 1,408 |  | (6) |  |  | (174) |
Gross value at December 31, 2022 | 10,354 |  | 69,579 |  | 1,783 |  |  | 81,716 |
Accumulated amortization & impairment at January 1, 2020(a) | (3,396) |  | (50,314) |  | (1,077) |  |  | (54,787) |
Amortization expense(a) | — |  | (1,707) |  | (112) |  |  | (1,819) |
Impairment losses, net of reversals(d) | (328) |  | (2) |  | — |  |  | (330) |
Disposals and other decreases | 44 |  | 232 |  | 45 |  |  | 321 |
Currency translation differences | 158 |  | 2,460 |  | 31 |  |  | 2,649 |
Transfers(b) | 14 |  | (14) |  | — |  |  | — |
Accumulated amortization & impairment at December 31, 2020(a) | (3,508) |  | (49,345) |  | (1,113) |  |  | (53,966) |
Amortization expense | — |  | (1,621) |  | (119) |  |  | (1,740) |
Impairment losses, net of reversals(d) | (150) |  | (42) |  | — |  |  | (192) |
Disposals and other decreases | 313 |  | 133 |  | 16 |  |  | 462 |
Currency translation differences | (132) |  | (1,869) |  | (21) |  |  | (2,022) |
Accumulated amortization & impairment at December 31, 2021 | (3,477) |  | (52,744) |  | (1,237) |  |  | (57,458) |
Changes in scope of consolidation | — |  | — |  | 11 |  |  | 11 |
Amortization expense (e) | — |  | (2,099) |  | (97) |  |  | (2,196) |
Impairment losses, net of reversals(d) | (1,107) |  | 1,561 |  | — |  |  | 454 |
Disposals and other decreases | 75 |  | 411 |  | 39 |  |  | 525 |
Currency translation differences | (7) |  | (1,567) |  | (17) |  |  | (1,591) |
Transfers(a) | 388 |  | (214) |  | 5 |  |  | 179 |
Accumulated amortization & impairment at December 31, 2022 | (4,128) |  | (54,652) |  | (1,296) |  |  | (60,076) |
Carrying amount at December 31, 2020 | 6,092 |  | 11,729 |  | 520 |  |  | 18,341 |
Carrying amount at December 31, 2021 | 7,730 |  | 13,162 |  | 515 |  |  | 21,407 |
Carrying amount at December 31, 2022 | 6,226 |  | 14,927 |  | 487 |  |  | 21,640 |
(a) Includes the impact of the IFRIC agenda decision of March 2021 on the costs of configuring or customising application software used in a Software as a Service (SaaS) arrangement (see Note A.2.1.). (b) The “Transfers” line mainly comprises (i) acquired R&D that came into commercial use during the period and (ii) reclassifications of assets as held for sale or exchange. (c) The “Changes in scope of consolidation” line corresponds to the fair value of intangible assets recognized in connection with acquisitions made during the period (see Notes D.1. and D.2.). (d) See Note D.5. (e) The amendment to the terms of the IO License and Collaboration Agreement resulted in the recognition of an amortization charge of €226 million (see Note C.1.). “Products, trademarks and other rights” mainly comprise: •“marketed products”, with a carrying amount of €12.7 billion as of December 31, 2022 (versus €11.7 billion as of December 31, 2021 and €11.4 billion as of December 31, 2020) and a weighted average amortization period of approximately 10 years; and •“technological platforms”, with a carrying amount of €2.2 billion as of December 31, 2022 (versus €1.2 billion as of December 31, 2021 and €0.2 billion as of December 31, 2020) and a weighted average amortization period of approximately 18 years. The table below provides information about the principal “marketed products”, which were recognized in connection with major acquisitions made by Sanofi and represented 92% of the carrying amount of that item as of December 31, 2022:
(€ million) | Gross value | Accumulated amortization & impairment | Carrying amount at December 31, 2022 | Amortization period (years)(a) | Residual amortization period (years)(b) | Carrying amount at December 31, 2021 | Carrying amount at December 31, 2020
Genzyme | 10,490 |  | (9,869) |  | 621 |  | 10 | 2 | 1,032 |  | 1,485 |
Boehringer Ingelheim Consumer Healthcare | 3,633 |  | (1,596) |  | 2,037 |  | 17 | 12 | 2,213 |  | 2,489 |
Aventis | 34,684 |  | (34,626) |  | 58 |  | 9 | 10 | 73 |  | 110 |
Chattem | 1,360 |  | (786) |  | 574 |  | 23 | 11 | 593 |  | 602 |
Protein Sciences | 857 |  | (359) |  | 498 |  | 13 | 8 | 532 |  | 554 |
Ablynx | 1,966 |  | (609) |  | 1,357 |  | 14 | 10 | 1,494 |  | 1,861 |
Bioverativ | 7,955 |  | (3,119) |  | 4,836 |  | 13 | 9 | 3,065 |  | 3,240 |
Kadmon | 1,882 |  | (180) |  | 1,702 |  | 12 | 11 | 1,750 |  | — |
Total: principal marketed products | 62,827 |  | (51,144) |  | 11,683 |  |  |  | 10,752 |  | 10,341 |
(a) Weighted averages. The amortization periods for these products vary between 1 and 25 years. (b) Weighted averages. Acquisitions of other intangible assets (excluding software) during 2022 amounted to €472 million. The main items were upfront and milestone payments within the Specialty Care GBU. The principal intangible assets brought into service during 2022 were: •Enjaymo® (sutimlimab-jome), a treatment for cold agglutinin disease (gross value €854 million net of impairment of €363 million), with effect from the date of marketing approval (February 2022); and •technology platforms (€525 million). The main asset brought into service during 2021 was the Translate Bio mRNA technology platform. During 2020, some of the acquired research and development came into commercial use, and started being amortized from the date of marketing approval; the main items involved were Sarclisa®, indicated for the treatment of relapsed refractory multiple myeloma, and the meningococcal vaccine MenQuadfi®. Amortization of other intangible assets is recognized in the income statement within the line item Amortization of intangible assets, except for amortization of software and other rights of an industrial or operational nature which is recognized in the relevant classification of expense by function. An analysis of amortization of software is shown in the table below:
(€ million) | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | (a)
Cost of sales | 10 |  | 18 |  | 19 |  |
Research and development expenses | 1 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  |
Selling and general expenses | 82 |  | 98 |  | 87 |  |
Other operating expenses | 4 |  | — |  | 4 |  |
Total | 97 |  | 119 |  | 112 |  |
(a) Includes the impact of the IFRIC agenda decision of March 2021 on the costs of configuring or customising application software used in a Software as a Service (SaaS) arrangement (see Note A.2.1.).

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