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Inventories
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Subclassifications of assets, liabilities and equities [abstract]  
Inventories Inventories
Inventories comprise the following:
202220212020
(€ million)Gross
value
AllowancesCarrying
amount
Gross
value
AllowancesCarrying
amount
Gross
value
AllowancesCarrying
amount
Raw materials1,613 (139)1,474 1,344 (66)1,278 1,051 (76)975 
Work in process5,663 (678)4,985 5,579 (554)5,025 5,398 (542)4,856 
Finished goods2,748 (247)2,501 2,696 (284)2,412 2,739 (218)2,521 
Total10,024 (1,064)8,960 9,619 (904)8,715 9,188 (836)8,352 
Allowances include write-downs of products on hand pending marketing approval, except in specific circumstances where it is possible to estimate that recovery of the value of inventories as of the end of the reporting period is highly probable.
Inventories pledged as security for liabilities amounted to €3 million as of December 31, 2022 (versus €20 million as of December 31, 2021 and €17 million as of December 31, 2020).