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Personnel costs
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Employee Benefits [Abstract]  
Personnel costs Personnel costs
Total personnel costs (other than termination benefits, presented in Note D.27.) include the following items:
(€ million)202220212020
Salaries7,145 6,625 6,508 
Social security charges (including defined-contribution pension plans)2,098 1,929 1,874 
Stock options and other share-based payment expense245 244 274 
Defined-benefit plans(a)
236 273 162 
Other employee benefits267 269 261 
Total9,991 9,340 9,079 
(a) Includes the impact of the April 2021 IFRIC agenda decision on the allocation of benefits to service periods, as described in Note A.2.1. to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The total number of registered employees was 91,573 as of December 31, 2022, compared with 95,442 as of December 31, 2021 and 99,412 as of December 31, 2020.