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Summary of significant accounting policies (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Corporate information and statement of IFRS compliance [abstract]    
Summary of Useful Lives of Property, Plant and Equipment The customary useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:
Buildings
15 to 40 years
Fixtures
10 to 20 years
Machinery and equipment
5 to 15 years
Other
3 to 15 years
  
Disclosure of Detailed Information about Financial Instruments   The table below shows the disclosures required under IFRS 7 relating to the measurement principles applied to financial
instruments.
Note
Type of financial instrument
Measurement
principle
Level in
fair value
hierarchy
Valuation
technique
Method used to determine fair value
Valuation
model
Market data
Exchange
rate
Interest
rate
D.7.
Financial assets measured at fair value
(quoted equity instruments)
Fair value
1
Market value
Quoted
market price
N/A
D.7.
Financial assets measured at fair value
(quoted debt instruments)
Fair value
1
Market value
Quoted market
price
N/A
D.7.
Financial assets measured at fair value
(unquoted equity instruments)
Fair value
3
Cost/
Approach
based on
comparables
If cost ceases to be a representative measure of fair value, an
internal valuation is carried out, based mainly on comparables.
D.7.
Financial assets measured at fair value
(contingent consideration receivable)
Fair value
3
Revenue-
based
approach
The fair value of contingent consideration receivable is
determined by adjusting the contingent consideration at
the end of the reporting period using the method described
in Note D.7.3.
D.7.
Financial assets measured at fair value
held to meet obligations under
post-employment benefit plans
Fair value
1
Market value
Quoted market
price
N/A
D.7.
Financial assets designated at fair value
held to meet obligations under deferred
compensation plans
Fair value
1
Market value
Quoted market
price
N/A
D.7.
Long-term loans and advances and other
non-current receivables
Amortized cost
N/A
N/A
The amortized cost of long-term loans and advances and other
non-current receivables at the end of the reporting period is
not materially different from their fair value.
D.13.
Investments in mutual funds
Fair value
1
Market value
Net asset value
N/A
D.13.
Negotiable debt instruments, commercial
paper, instant access deposits and term
deposits
Amortized cost
N/A
N/A
Because these instruments have a maturity of less than
three months, amortized cost is regarded as an acceptable
approximation of fair value as disclosed in the notes to
the consolidated financial statements.
D.17.1.,
D.19.
Debt
Amortized
cost(a)
N/A
N/A
In the case of debt with a maturity of less than three months,
amortized cost is regarded as an acceptable approximation of
fair value as reported in the notes to the consolidated financial
statements.
For debt with a maturity of more than three months, fair value
as reported in the notes to the consolidated financial
statements is determined either by reference to quoted market
prices at the end of the reporting period (quoted instruments)
or by discounting the future cash flows based on observable
market data at the end of the reporting period (unquoted
instruments).
For financial liabilities based on variable payments such as
royalties, fair value is determined on the basis of discounted
cash flow projections.
D.17.2.
Lease liabilities
Amortized cost
N/A
N/A
The liability for future lease payments is discounted using
the incremental borrowing rate.
D.20.
Forward currency contracts
Fair value
2
Present value of
future cash flows
Mid
Market
< 1  year:
Mid Money Market
> 1 year: 
Mid Zero Coupon
D.20.
Interest rate swaps
Fair value
2
Revenue-
based
approach
Present value of
future cash flows
Mid
Market
Spot
< 1 year:
Mid Money Market  and
LIFFE interest rate futures
> 1 year:
Mid Zero Coupon
D.20.
Cross-currency swaps
Fair value
2
Present value of
future cash flows
Mid
Market
Spot
< 1  year:
Mid Money Market and
LIFFE interest rate futures
> 1 year:
Mid Zero Coupon
D.18.
Liabilities related to business combinations
and to non-controlling interests (CVRs)
Fair value
1
Market value
Quoted market
price
D.18.
Liabilities related to business combinations
and to non-controlling interests (other than
CVRs)
Fair value
3
Revenue-
based
approach
Under IAS 32, contingent consideration payable in a business
combination is a financial liability. The fair value of such
liabilities is determined by adjusting the contingent
consideration at the end of the reporting period using the
method described in Note B.8.4.
(a)In the case of debt designated as a hedged item in a fair value hedging relationship, the carrying amount in the consolidated balance sheet includes
changes in fair value attributable to the hedged risk(s).