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Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities      
Net income (loss) including noncontrolling interest [1] $ 4,188 $ (6,979) $ 5,791
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) including noncontrolling interest to net cash provided by operating activities      
Depreciation and amortization [1] 1,363 1,987 1,831
Long-lived and indefinite-lived asset impairment expense [1] 0 0 618
Goodwill impairment expense [1] 0 0 271
Company pension and postretirement contributions [1] (154) (152) (158)
Company pension and postretirement expense [1] 1,035 145 178
Stock-based compensation expense [1] 289 274 263
Gain on business divestitures [1] 0 (36) (2,724)
Deferred income taxes [1] 321 (3,855) (663)
Changes in assets and liabilities      
Accounts receivable [1] 114 (170) (105)
Inventories [1] 41 567 (629)
Accounts payable [1] 46 138 111
Accrued income taxes (current and long-term) [1] (272) (218) (47)
Other — net [1] (5,152) 14,979 854
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities [1] 1,819 6,680 5,591
Cash Flows from Investing Activities      
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E) [1] (1,181) (1,615) (1,749)
Proceeds from sale of PP&E and other assets [1] 61 119 200
Purchases of marketable securities and investments [1] (4,153) (1,466) (1,250)
Proceeds from maturities and sale of marketable securities and investments [1] 2,074 1,660 1,261
Proceeds from sale of businesses, net of cash sold [1] 0 60 13
Cash payment from Food Safety business split-off, net of divested cash [1] 0 0 478
Other — net [1] (7) 35 1
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities [1] (3,206) (1,207) (1,046)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities      
Change in short-term debt — net [1] (205) 205 340
Repayment of debt (maturities greater than 90 days) [1] (2,656) (3,086) (1,179)
Proceeds from debt (maturities greater than 90 days) [1] 8,367 2,835 1
Purchases of treasury stock [1] (1,801) (33) (1,464)
Proceeds from issuance of treasury stock pursuant to stock option and benefit plans [1] 92 264 381
Dividends paid to shareholders [1] (1,982) (3,311) (3,369)
Cash transferred to Solventum related to separation, net [1] (621) 0 0
Other — net [1] (96) (21) (60)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities [1] 1,098 (3,147) (5,350)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents [1] (44) (48) (104)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents [1] (333) 2,278 (909)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year [1] 5,933 3,655 4,564
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period [1] $ 5,600 $ 5,933 $ 3,655
[1] The Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows include the results of continuing and discontinued operations and, therefore, also include cash and cash equivalents associated with Solventum through its April 2024 separation from 3M that were presented in current assets of discontinued operations in the 3M Consolidated Balance Sheet.