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Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) Information - AOCI Rollforward (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward      
Balance at the beginning of the period $ 4,868 $ 14,770 $ 15,117
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:      
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 462 (105) 69
Solventum spin-off (2,167)    
Balance at the end of the period 3,894 4,868 14,770
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)      
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward      
Balance at the beginning of the period (6,778) (6,673) (6,750)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:      
Amounts before reclassifications (312) (405) 175
Amounts reclassified out 1,087 163 360
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax 775 (242) 535
Tax effect (312) 137 (458)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 463 (105) 77
Solventum spin-off 584    
Balance at the end of the period (5,731) (6,778) (6,673)
Cumulative Translation Adjustment      
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward      
Balance at the beginning of the period (2,506) (2,828) (1,943)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:      
Amounts before reclassifications (563) 277 (850)
Amounts reclassified out 38 54 0
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax (525) 331 (850)
Tax effect 14 (9) (35)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (511) 322 (885)
Solventum spin-off 64    
Balance at the end of the period (2,953) (2,506) (2,828)
Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Plans Adjustment      
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward      
Balance at the beginning of the period (4,218) (3,838) (4,753)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:      
Amounts before reclassifications 123 (763) 866
Amounts reclassified out 1,127 252 458
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax 1,250 (511) 1,324
Tax effect (315) 131 (409)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 935 (380) 915
Solventum spin-off 520    
Balance at the end of the period (2,763) (4,218) (3,838)
Cash Flow Hedging Instruments, Unrealized Gain (Loss)      
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward      
Balance at the beginning of the period (54) (7) (54)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:      
Amounts before reclassifications 128 81 159
Amounts reclassified out (78) (143) (98)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax 50 (62) 61
Tax effect (11) 15 (14)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 39 (47) 47
Solventum spin-off 0    
Balance at the end of the period $ (15) $ (54) $ (7)