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Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans
NOTE 13. Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans
The service cost component of defined benefit net periodic benefit cost is recorded in cost of sales; selling, general and administrative expenses; and research, development and related expenses. The other components of net periodic benefit cost are reflected in other expense (income), net. Effective April 1, 2024, approximately $2.7 billion of benefit obligations and $2.4 billion of plan assets for certain pension and postretirement benefit plans, were transferred to Solventum, which is treated as a discontinued operation. Components of net periodic benefit cost and other supplemental information for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 follow:
Three months ended March 31,
Qualified and non-qualified pension benefits
Postretirement benefits
United StatesInternational
(Millions)202520242025202420252024
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
Operating expense
Service cost $26 $37 $11 $21 $4 $7 
Non-operating expense
Interest cost 108 160 46 54 19 22 
Expected return on plan assets (142)(237)(65)(87)(14)(19)
Amortization of transition asset— — — 1 — — 
Amortization of prior service benefit— (4)1 1 (1)(6)
Amortization of net actuarial loss 69 95 2 3 5 6 
Total non-operating expense (benefit)35 14 (16)(28)9 3 
Total net periodic benefit cost (benefit) $61 $51 $(5)$(7)$13 $10 
Service cost - continuing operations26 30 11 16 4 6 
Service cost - discontinued operations— 7 — 5 — 1 
Total service cost$26 $37 $11 $21 $4 $7 
Non-operating expense (benefit) - continuing operations35 14 (16)(28)9 3 
Non-operating expense (benefit) - discontinued operations— — — — — — 
Total non-operating expense (benefit)$35 $14 $(16)$(28)$9 $3 
Total net periodic benefit cost (benefit) - continuing operations61 44 (5)(12)13 9 
Total net periodic benefit cost (benefit) - discontinued operations— 7 — 5 — 1 
Total net periodic benefit cost (benefit)$61 $51 $(5)$(7)$13 $10 
For the three months ended March 31, 2025 contributions totaling $20 million were made to the Company’s U.S. and international pension plans and $3 million to its postretirement plans. Future contributions will depend on market conditions, interest rates and other factors. 3M’s annual measurement date for pension and postretirement assets and liabilities is December 31 each year, which is also the date used for the related annual measurement assumptions.
As of March 31, 2024, 3M transferred eligible U.S. Solventum employees and retirees to new U.S. defined benefit pension and postretirement plans with the same benefits of their current plans. The transfer required remeasurement of the plans prior to the calculation of this split. There were also several small international pension plans remeasured for purposes of transferring Solventum employees to new pension plans. Refer to Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in 3M's 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding this remeasurement.