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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Income Before Income Taxes
Income tax data for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
  
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  
2020
 
  
2019
 
  
2018
 
The components of income before income taxes are as follows:
  
     
  
     
  
     
Domestic
  
$
75,193
 
  
$
97,325
 
  
$
57,822
 
Foreign
  
 
535,721
 
  
 
580,914
 
  
 
624,324
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
  
$
610,914
 
  
$
678,239
 
  
$
682,146
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
Components of Income Taxes
 
  
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  
2020
 
 
2019
 
  
2018
 
The components of the income tax provision 
w
ere as follows:
  
     
 
     
  
     
Federal
  
$
28,385
 
 
$
7,009
 
  
$
27,277
 
State
  
 
4,243
 
 
 
3,329
 
  
 
(11,964
Foreign
  
 
59,408
 
 
 
66,083
 
  
 
70,634
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total current tax provision
  
$
92,036
 
 
$
76,421
 
  
$
85,947
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
Federal
  
$
(8,244
 
$
6,913
 
  
$
(3,256
State
  
 
(506
 
 
1,253
 
  
 
2,247
 
Foreign
  
 
6,057
 
 
 
1,454
 
  
 
3,414
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total deferred tax provision
  
 
(2,693
 
 
9,620
 
  
 
2,405
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total provision
  
$
89,343
 
 
$
86,041
 
  
$
88,352
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The differences between income taxes computed at the United States statutory rate and the provision for income taxes are summarized as follows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):
 
 
  
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  
2020
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
Federal tax computed at U.S. statutory income tax rate
  
$
128,292
 
 
$
142,430
 
 
$
143,251
 
Enactment of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
  
 
— 
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(6,059
Foreign currency exchange impact on distributed earnings
  
 
 
 
 
(3,229
 
 
7,495
 
GILTI, net of foreign tax credits
  
 
13,319
 
 
 
10,523
 
 
 
13,727
 
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit
  
 
2,415
 
 
 
3,459
 
 
 
2,910
 
Net effect of foreign operations
  
 
(48,962
 
 
(52,727
 
 
(57,003
Effect of stock-based compensation
  
 
(6,798
 
 
(9,211
 
 
(9,089
Other, net
  
 
1,077
 
 
 
(5,204
 
 
(6,880
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Provision for income taxes
  
$
89,343
 
 
$
86,041
 
 
$
88,352
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards which give rise to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are summarized as follows (in thousands):
 
 
  
December 31,
 
 
  
2020
 
 
2019
 
Deferred tax assets:
  
     
 
     
Net operating losses and credits
  
$
61,962
 
 
$
55,939
 
Depreciation
  
 
5,701
 
 
 
4,776
 
Operating leases
  
 
24,317
 
 
 
19,849
 
Amortization
  
 
2,377
 
 
 
3,738
 
Stock-based compensation
  
 
7,773
 
 
 
9,790
 
Deferred compensation
  
 
27,754
 
 
 
20,077
 
Unrealized foreign currency gain/loss
  
 
 
 
 
7,955
 
Deferred revenue
  
 
11,341
 
 
 
9,696
 
Revaluation of equity investments and licenses
  
 
4,492
 
 
 
3,424
 
Inventory
  
 
5,060
 
 
 
4,824
 
Accrued liabilities and reserves
  
 
10,639
 
 
 
7,215
 
Other
  
 
3,483
 
 
 
3,839
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total deferred tax assets
  
 
164,899
 
 
 
151,122
 
Valuation allowance
  
 
(60,101
 
 
(51,221
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
  
 
104,798
 
 
 
99,901
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
  
     
 
     
Capitalized software
  
 
(23,748
 
 
(21,025
Operating leases
  
 
(24,314
 
 
(19,553
Indefinite-lived intangibles
  
 
(14,973
 
 
(14,363
Unrealized foreign currency gain/loss
  
 
(10,819
 
 
 
Deferred tax liability on foreign earnings
  
 
(17,277
 
 
(18,027
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total deferred tax liabilities
  
 
(91,131
 
 
(72,968
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net deferred tax assets
  
$
13,667
 
 
$
26,933
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The following is a summary of the activity of the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, for the year ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):
 
 
  
2020
 
 
2019
 
 
2018
 
Balance at the beginning of the period
  
$
27,790
 
 
$
26,108
 
 
$
5,843
 
Net reductions for settlement of tax audits
  
 
(399
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
Net reductions for lapse of statutes taken during the period
  
 
(684
 
 
(261
 
 
(436
Net additions for tax positions taken during the prior period
  
 
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
17,651
 
Net additions for tax positions taken during the current period
  
 
1,959
 
 
 
1,943
 
 
 
3,050
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Balance at the end of the period
  
$
28,666
 
 
$
27,790
 
 
$
26,108
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Company's valuation allowance
The following is a summary of the activity of the Company’s valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):
 
 
  
Balance at
Beginning
of Period
 
  
Charged to
Provision for
Income Taxes*
 
 
Other**
 
 
Balance at
End of
Period
 
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets:
  
     
  
     
 
     
 
     
2020
  
$
51,221
 
  
$
1,137
 
 
$
7,743
 
 
$
60,101
 
2019
  
$
53,893
 
  
$
(1,242
 
$
(1,430
 
$
51,221
 
2018
  
$
62,098
 
  
$
(2,128
 
$
(6,077
 
$
53,893
 
 
*
These amounts have been recorded as part of the income statement provision for income taxes. The income statement effects of these amounts have largely been offset by amounts related to changes in other deferred tax balance sheet accounts.
**
The change in the valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2020 is primarily due to the effect of foreign currency translation on a valuation allowance related to a net operating loss carryforward and acquired historical net operating losses. The change in the valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to the effect of foreign currency translation on a valuation allowance related to a net operating loss carryforward. The change in the valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily due to the
write-off
of a valuation allowance to Retained Earnings for the tax effect related to intra-entity transfers.