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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Share-based Compensation [Abstract]

Schedule of weighted-average fair value of options, assumptions used

The weighted-average fair value of options granted was estimated at $13.56, $12.21 and $10.95, in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, per option on the date of grant based on the following assumptions:

	Year Ended December 31
	2018			2017			2016
Dividend yield	3.9	%		3.2	%		3.1	%
Volatility	20.8	%		15.6	%		16.0	%
Risk-free interest rate	2.8	%		1.8	%		1.2	%
Expected life - years	4.6			4.6			4.6

Schedule of total remaining unrecognized compensation costs and amortization period

Total remaining unrecognized compensation costs and amortization period are as follows:

	December 31, 2018				Weighted-Average Service Years
Stock options	$	14			1.3
Restricted shares and time-vested restricted share units	3				1.4
Performance-based restricted share units	41				1.8

Summary of stock-based compensation

A summary of stock-based compensation is presented below:

Stock Options	Shares (in thousands)			Weighted-Average Exercise Price				Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2018	6,688			$	109.69
Granted	1,644			103.23
Exercised	(748	)		82.83
Forfeited or expired	(398	)		122.96
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	7,186			110.27				6.43		$	68
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	4,384			106.96				4.97		$	51

Summary of nonvested restricted share units

	Time-Vested Restricted Share Units							Performance-Based Restricted Share Units
Other Stock-Based Awards	Shares (in thousands)			Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value				Shares (in thousands)			Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2018	102			$	123.19			1,562			$	123.97
Granted	54			107.14				796			106.65
Vested	(64	)		114.27				(607	)		113.99
Forfeited	(17	)		129.47				(186	)		121.07
Nonvested at December 31, 2018	75			117.99				1,565			119.37

X

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of components of a stock option or other award plan under which equity-based compensation is awarded to employees, typically comprised of the amount of unearned compensation (deferred compensation cost), compensation expense, and changes in the quantity and fair value of the shares (or other type of equity) granted, exercised, forfeited, and issued and outstanding pertaining to that plan. Disclosure may also include nature and general terms of such arrangements that existed during the period and potential effects of those arrangements on shareholders, effect of compensation cost arising from equity-based payment arrangements on the income statement, method of estimating the fair value of the goods or services received, or the fair value of the equity instruments granted, during the period, cash flow effects resulting from equity-based payment arrangements and, for registrants that accelerate vesting of out of the money share options, reasons for the decision to accelerate.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5070-113901

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5047-113901

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- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5070-113901

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- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the total compensation cost related to nonvested awards not yet recognized and the weighted-average period over which it is expected to be recognized.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (i)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=96867065&loc=d3e5070-113901

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- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the change in restricted stock units (RSUs).

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