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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Domestic and Foreign Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes
The following table summarizes our U.S. and foreign income (loss) before income taxes:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In thousands)
U.S.
$
(44,867
)
 
$
(47,205
)
 
$
24,397

Foreign
461,631

 
323,805

 
901,565

Total
$
416,764

 
$
276,600

 
$
925,962

Components of Income Tax Expense
The following table summarizes our provision for income taxes:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
Current income tax expense:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
$
12,671

 
$
(41,418
)
 
$
154,050

State
5,862

 
5,875

 
1,440

Foreign
130,180

 
64,946

 
69,359

Current income tax expense
148,713

 
29,403

 
224,849

Deferred income tax (benefit) expense:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
(93,842
)
 
(5,166
)
 
(6,865
)
State
(891
)
 
(2,863
)
 
2,156

Foreign
(8,575
)
 
(6,059
)
 
(16,926
)
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense:
(103,308
)
 
(14,088
)
 
(21,635
)
Income tax expense
$
45,405

 
$
15,315

 
$
203,214

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the significant components of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows:
 
December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Provision for accrued expenses
$
49,526

 
$
94,031

Loyalty rewards reserve
131,248

 
163,410

Occupancy tax reserve
11,017

 
27,814

Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards
121,896

 
114,470

Stock-based compensation
51,706

 
81,221

Other
36,187

 
31,569

Total deferred tax assets
401,580

 
512,515

Less valuation allowance
(76,280
)
 
(65,516
)
Net deferred tax assets
$
325,300

 
$
446,999

Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
Prepaid merchant bookings and prepaid expenses
$
(1,372
)
 
$
(20,289
)
Goodwill and intangible assets
(499,190
)
 
(718,810
)
Property and equipment
(130,736
)
 
(152,550
)
Other
(4,674
)
 
(16,662
)
Total deferred tax liabilities
$
(635,972
)
 
$
(908,311
)
Net deferred tax liability
$
(310,672
)
 
$
(461,312
)
Schedule of Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes
A reconciliation of amounts computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate to income before income taxes to total income tax expense is as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
Income tax expense at the federal statutory rate of 35%
$
145,867

 
$
96,810

 
$
324,087

Foreign tax rate differential
(81,509
)
 
(66,947
)
 
(162,784
)
Unrecognized tax benefits and related interest
27,690

 
33,170

 
33,362

Change in valuation allowance
3,686

 
(13,924
)
 
27,320

Return to provision true-ups
686

 
(14,420
)
 
(8,875
)
Pay-to-play penalties

 

 
(11,222
)
Acquisition related costs
1,554

 
1,611

 
12,545

Federal research and development credit
(16,000
)
 
(15,000
)
 
(11,500
)
trivago stock-based-compensation
5,011

 
16,956

 

Excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation
(59,668
)
 
(39,751
)
 

Tax Act transition tax
144,167

 

 

U.S. statutory tax rate change
(158,286
)
 

 

Other, net
32,207

 
16,810

 
281

Income tax expense
$
45,405

 
$
15,315

 
$
203,214

Income Tax Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Amount of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
220,532

 
$
171,177

 
$
110,561

Increases to tax positions related to the current year
35,211

 
42,877

 
33,880

Increases to tax positions related to prior years
3,544

 
8,124

 
26,219

Decreases to tax positions related to prior years
(1,069
)
 
(2,262
)
 

Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations
(2,783
)
 
(4,688
)
 
(2,525
)
Settlements during current year
(1,213
)
 

 
(100
)
Interest and penalties
6,697

 
5,304

 
3,142

Balance, end of year
$
260,919

 
$
220,532

 
$
171,177