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Tax matters - Narrative (Details) € in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
--- | --- | ---
Dec. 31, 2025 EUR (€) | Dec. 31, 2025 GBP (£) | Dec. 31, 2024 EUR (€) | Dec. 31, 2024 GBP (£) | Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€) | Dec. 31, 2022 EUR (€)
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | € 18,944 |  | € 19,170 |  | € 20,767 | € 20,787
Deferred tax assets not recognized | 11,240 |  |  |  |  |
Tax losses, deferred tax assets not recognized | 6,420 |  |  |  |  |
Tax credits, deferred tax assets not recognized | 3,430 |  |  |  |  |
Other concepts, deferred tax assets not recognized | 1,390 |  |  |  |  |
Taxes other than income tax | 543 |  | 554 |  | 568 |
Law 38/2022, Tax Reform |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxes other than income tax |  |  | 334 |  | 224 |
Decree-Law 9/2024 |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment of tax expense other than income tax expense | 392 |  |  |  |  |
Law 7/2024, Tax Reform |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxes other than income tax | 353 |  |  |  |  |
Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | € 16,590 |  | 16,803 |  | 18,374 | 19,009
Deferred tax asset recovery period | 15 years | 15 years |  |  |  |
Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | € 2,354 |  | 2,367 |  | 2,393 | 1,778
Monetizable |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 10,725 |  | 10,309 |  | 11,099 |
Monetizable | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 10,725 |  | 10,309 |  | 11,099 | € 10,660
Other |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 8,219 |  | 8,861 |  | 9,668 |
Other | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 5,865 |  | 6,494 |  | 7,275 |
Other | Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 2,354 |  | € 2,367 |  | € 2,393 |
Spain |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 7,183 |  |  |  |  |
Spain | Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 681 |  |  |  |  |
Spain | Monetizable | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 5,069 |  |  |  |  |
Spain | Other | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 1,433 |  |  |  |  |
Brazil |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 7,465 |  |  |  |  |
Brazil | Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 709 |  |  |  |  |
Brazil | Monetizable | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 5,606 |  |  |  |  |
Brazil | Other | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 1,150 |  |  |  |  |
Mexico |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 1,542 |  |  |  |  |
Mexico | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 1,511 |  |  |  |  |
Mexico | Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 31 |  |  |  |  |
US |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 1,026 |  |  |  |  |
US | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 253 |  |  |  |  |
US | Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | € 773 |  |  |  |  |
United Kingdom |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividend exemption, generating potential tax credit | £ |  | £ 500 |  | £ 500 |  |
Actuarial assumption of growth | Spain |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage used to adjust sensitivity analysis | 0.50% | 0.50% |  |  |  |
Inflation rate assumption | Spain |  |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of other provisions [line items] |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage used to adjust sensitivity analysis | 0.50% | 0.50% |  |  |  |

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