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Risk management - Schedule of exposure and impairment losses by stage (Details) € in Millions | Dec. 31, 2025 EUR (€) tranches | Dec. 31, 2024 EUR (€) | Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€) | Dec. 31, 2022 EUR (€)
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Number of tranches | tranches | 4 |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | € 888,496 | € 908,963 | € 914,491 |
Financial assets | (300,026) | (283,497) | (243,203) |
Accumulated impairment |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 520 | 349 | 286 |
Accumulated impairment | Financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 21,158 | 22,125 | 22,788 | € 22,684
Accumulated impairment | Financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income | Loans and advances, customers including provisions for undrawn authorized |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 20,942 | 20,635 | 21,750 |
Financial instruments not credit-impaired | Accumulated impairment | Financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 7,631 | 8,037 | 8,550 |
Financial instruments credit-impaired | Accumulated impairment | Financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 13,527 | 14,088 | 14,238 |
Stage 1 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 779,109 | 800,360 | 807,228 |
Stage 1 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired | Accumulated impairment | Financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income | Loans and advances, customers including provisions for undrawn authorized |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 3,068 | 3,184 | 3,463 |
Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 78,112 | 77,330 | 74,808 |
Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired | Accumulated impairment | Financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income | Loans and advances, customers including provisions for undrawn authorized |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 4,698 | 4,512 | 4,883 |
Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 31,275 | 31,273 | 32,455 |
Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments credit-impaired | Accumulated impairment | Financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income | Loans and advances, customers including provisions for undrawn authorized |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Financial assets | 13,177 | 12,938 | 13,404 |
From AAA to AA- |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 115,038 | 104,958 | 143,029 |
From AAA to AA- | Stage 1 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 112,795 | 102,394 | 140,792 |
From AAA to AA- | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 2,243 | 2,564 | 2,237 |
From AAA to AA- | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 0 | 0 | 0 |
From A+ to BB |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 381,579 | 426,837 | 417,930 |
From A+ to BB | Stage 1 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 367,186 | 411,158 | 404,184 |
From A+ to BB | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 14,393 | 15,678 | 13,746 |
From A+ to BB | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 0 | 0 | 0 |
From BB- to B- |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 335,376 | 318,878 | 290,599 |
From BB- to B- | Stage 1 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 291,014 | 276,422 | 250,619 |
From BB- to B- | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 44,363 | 42,456 | 39,979 |
From BB- to B- | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 0 | 0 | 0 |
CCC and below |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 56,503 | 58,291 | 62,933 |
CCC and below | Stage 1 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 8,114 | 10,385 | 11,633 |
CCC and below | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments not credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | 17,114 | 16,633 | 18,846 |
CCC and below | Stage 2 and 3 | Financial instruments credit-impaired |  |  |  |
Exposure and impairment losses |  |  |  |
Maximum exposure to credit risk | € 31,275 | € 31,273 | € 32,455 |

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