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Tax matters - Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities (Details) - EUR (€) € in Millions | Dec. 31, 2025 | Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2017
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Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | € 18,944 | € 19,170 | € 20,767 | € 20,787 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 5,904 | 6,276 | 6,086 | 6,428 |
Banco Popular Espanol, S.A. |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Portion already submitted for conversion |  |  |  |  | € 995
Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 2,354 | 2,367 | 2,393 | 1,778 |
Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 16,590 | 16,803 | 18,374 | 19,009 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 5,904 | 6,276 | 6,086 | 6,428 |
Valuation of financial instruments |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities | 1,980 | 2,412 | 2,059 |  |
Valuation of tangible and intangible assets |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities | 2,714 | 2,797 | 2,594 |  |
Investments in Group companies |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities | 427 | 403 | 378 |  |
Monetizable |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 10,725 | 10,309 | 11,099 |  |
Monetizable | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 10,725 | 10,309 | 11,099 | € 10,660 |
Monetizable | Loan losses |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 8,471 | 7,880 | 8,248 |  |
Monetizable | Pensions |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 2,254 | 2,429 | 2,851 |  |
Other |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 8,219 | 8,861 | 9,668 |  |
Other | Tax losses and tax credits |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 2,354 | 2,367 | 2,393 |  |
Other | Temporary differences |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 5,865 | 6,494 | 7,275 |  |
Other | Non-deductible provisions |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 1,970 | 1,784 | 1,965 |  |
Other | Valuation of financial instruments |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 810 | 1,486 | 1,543 |  |
Other | Loan losses |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 1,341 | 1,103 | 1,577 |  |
Other | Pensions |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | 426 | 423 | 665 |  |
Other | Valuation of tangible and intangible assets |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets | € 832 | € 885 | € 1,060 |  |

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