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Gains or losses on financial assets and liabilities - Narrative (Details) - EUR (€) € in Millions | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2025 | Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023
Measurement of financial assets and liabilities and recognition of fair value changes |  |  |
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | € 268,125 | € 244,298 | € 192,604
Liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss at initial recognition recognised in other comprehensive income | (1,281) | € (1,851) | € 866
Deposits |  |  |
Measurement of financial assets and liabilities and recognition of fair value changes |  |  |
Repurchase agreements, value | 75,562 |  |
Loans and advances - credit institutions and customers |  |  |
Measurement of financial assets and liabilities and recognition of fair value changes |  |  |
Reverse repurchase agreements | 71,129 |  |
Mortgage backed assets | 1,597 |  |
Spanish and foreign government securities |  |  |
Measurement of financial assets and liabilities and recognition of fair value changes |  |  |
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | € 80,908 |  |

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- Definition The amount of instruments purchased for resale in reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed. [Refer: Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Note Expiry date 2027-01-01 -Name IAS -Number 1 -IssueDate 2025-01-01 -Paragraph 55 -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=1&code=ifrs-tx-2025-en-b&anchor=para_55&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2025-03-27 + Details
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