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Earnings Per Share
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share
Earnings Per Share
The calculations of earnings per share are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended 
 June 30,
 
Six Months Ended 
 June 30,
($ and shares in millions except per share amounts)
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
$
1,946

 
$
1,205

 
$
3,496

 
$
2,330

Average common shares outstanding
2,734

 
2,768

 
2,739

 
2,771

Common shares issuable (1)
18

 
21

 
20

 
21

Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution
2,752

 
2,789

 
2,759

 
2,792

Basic earnings per common share attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
0.71

 
$
0.44

 
$
1.28

 
$
0.84

Earnings per common share assuming dilution attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
0.71

 
$
0.43

 
$
1.27

 
$
0.83

(1) 
Issuable primarily under share-based compensation plans.
For the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, 5 million and 13 million, respectively, and for the first six months of 2017 and 2016, 4 million and 12 million, respectively, of common shares issuable under share-based compensation plans were excluded from the computation of earnings per common share assuming dilution because the effect would have been antidilutive.