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Earnings Per Share - Calculations of Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net (loss) income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.	$ (56)	$ 2,184	$ 3,440	$ 4,515
Average common shares outstanding (in shares)	2,727	2,765	2,735	2,769
Common shares issuable (in shares)	0	21	19	22
Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution (in shares)	2,727	2,786	2,754	2,791
Basic (loss) earnings per common share attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders (in dollars per share)	$ (0.02)	$ 0.79	$ 1.26	$ 1.63
(Loss) earnings per common share assuming dilution attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders (in dollars per share)	$ (0.02)	$ 0.78	$ 1.25	$ 1.62

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The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

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