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Consolidated Statement of Equity - USD ($) $ in Millions | Total | Common Stock | Other Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Treasury Stock | Non- controlling Interests
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2014 | $ 48,791 | $ 1,788 | $ 40,423 | $ 46,021 | $ (4,323) | $ (35,262) | $ 144
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | 4,442 |  |  | 4,442 |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | 175 |  |  |  | 175 |  |
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($1.89 per share in 2017, $1.85 per share in 2016 and $1.81 per share in 2015) | (5,115) |  |  | (5,115) |  |  |
Treasury stock shares purchased | (4,186) |  |  |  |  | (4,186) |
Changes in noncontrolling ownership interests | (75) |  | (20) |  |  |  | (55)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 17 |  |  |  |  |  | 17
Distributions attributable to noncontrolling interests | (15) |  |  |  |  |  | (15)
Share-based compensation plans and other | 733 |  | (181) |  |  | 914 |
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2015 | 44,767 | 1,788 | 40,222 | 45,348 | (4,148) | (38,534) | 91
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | 3,920 |  |  | 3,920 |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | (1,078) |  |  |  | (1,078) |  |
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($1.89 per share in 2017, $1.85 per share in 2016 and $1.81 per share in 2015) | (5,135) |  |  | (5,135) |  |  |
Treasury stock shares purchased | (3,434) |  |  |  |  | (3,434) |
Changes in noncontrolling ownership interests | 124 |  |  |  |  |  | 124
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 21 |  |  |  |  |  | 21
Distributions attributable to noncontrolling interests | (16) |  |  |  |  |  | (16)
Share-based compensation plans and other | 1,139 |  | (283) |  |  | 1,422 |
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2016 | 40,308 | 1,788 | 39,939 | 44,133 | (5,226) | (40,546) | 220
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | 2,394 |  |  | 2,394 |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | 316 |  |  |  | 316 |  |
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($1.89 per share in 2017, $1.85 per share in 2016 and $1.81 per share in 2015) | (5,177) |  |  | (5,177) |  |  |
Treasury stock shares purchased | (4,014) |  |  |  |  | (4,014) |
Changes in noncontrolling ownership interests | 7 |  |  |  |  |  | 7
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 24 |  |  |  |  |  | 24
Distributions attributable to noncontrolling interests | (18) |  |  |  |  |  | (18)
Share-based compensation plans and other | 729 |  | (37) |  |  | 766 |
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2017 | $ 34,569 | $ 1,788 | $ 39,902 | $ 41,350 | $ (4,910) | $ (43,794) | $ 233

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