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Consolidated Statement of Income - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015
Income Statement [Abstract] |  |  |
Sales | $ 40,122 | $ 39,807 | $ 39,498
Costs, Expenses and Other |  |  |
Materials and production | 12,775 | 13,891 | 14,934
Marketing and administrative | 9,830 | 9,762 | 10,313
Research and development | 10,208 | 10,124 | 6,704
Restructuring costs | 776 | 651 | 619
Other (income) expense, net | 12 | 720 | 1,527
Total Costs, Expenses and Other | 33,601 | 35,148 | 34,097
Income Before Taxes | 6,521 | 4,659 | 5,401
Taxes on Income | 4,103 | 718 | 942
Net Income | 2,418 | 3,941 | 4,459
Less: Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | 24 | 21 | 17
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | $ 2,394 | $ 3,920 | $ 4,442
Basic Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) | $ 0.88 | $ 1.42 | $ 1.58
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) | $ 0.87 | $ 1.41 | $ 1.56

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