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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME - USD ($) $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended
--- | ---
Mar. 31, 2018 | Mar. 31, 2017
Income Statement [Abstract] |  |
Sales | $ 10,037 | $ 9,434
Costs, Expenses and Other |  |
Materials and production | 3,184 | 3,049
Marketing and administrative | 2,508 | 2,472
Research and development | 3,196 | 1,830
Restructuring costs | 95 | 151
Other (income) expense, net | (291) | (71)
Total Costs, Expenses and Other | 8,692 | 7,431
Income Before Taxes | 1,345 | 2,003
Taxes on Income | 604 | 447
Net Income | 741 | 1,556
Less: Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | 5 | 5
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | $ 736 | $ 1,551
Basic Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) | $ 0.27 | $ 0.56
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) | 0.27 | 0.56
Dividends Declared per Common Share (in dollars per share) | $ 0.48 | $ 0.47

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