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Earnings Per Share (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Calculations of Earnings Per Share
The calculations of earnings per share are as follows:
 
Three Months Ended 
 March 31,
($ and shares in millions except per share amounts)
2018
 
2017
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
$
736

 
$
1,551

Average common shares outstanding
2,695

 
2,745

Common shares issuable (1)
15

 
21

Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution
2,710

 
2,766

Basic earnings per common share attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
0.27

 
$
0.56

Earnings per common share assuming dilution attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
0.27

 
$
0.56

(1) 
Issuable primarily under share-based compensation plans.