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Consolidated Statement of Equity - USD ($) $ in Millions | Total | The StayWell Company LLC | Vallee S.A. | Common Stock | Other Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Treasury Stock | Non- controlling Interests | Non- controlling Interests The StayWell Company LLC | Non- controlling Interests Vallee S.A.
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2015 | $ 44,767 |  |  | $ 1,788 | $ 40,222 | $ 45,348 | $ (4,148) | $ (38,534) | $ 91 |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | 3,920 |  |  |  |  | 3,920 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | (1,078) |  |  |  |  |  | (1,078) |  |  |  |
Cash dividends declared on common stock (1.99 per share in 2018, $1.89 per share in 2017 and $1.85 per share in 2016) | (5,135) |  |  |  |  | (5,135) |  |  |  |  |
Treasury stock shares purchased | (3,434) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3,434) |  |  |
Acquisition |  | $ 124 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 124 |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | 21 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21 |  |
Distributions attributable to noncontrolling interests | (16) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (16) |  |
Share-based compensation plans and other | 1,139 |  |  |  | (283) |  |  | 1,422 |  |  |
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2016 | 40,308 |  |  | 1,788 | 39,939 | 44,133 | (5,226) | (40,546) | 220 |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | 2,394 |  |  |  |  | 2,394 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | 316 |  |  |  |  |  | 316 |  |  |  |
Cash dividends declared on common stock (1.99 per share in 2018, $1.89 per share in 2017 and $1.85 per share in 2016) | (5,177) |  |  |  |  | (5,177) |  |  |  |  |
Treasury stock shares purchased | (4,014) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (4,014) |  |  |
Acquisition |  |  | $ 7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 7
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | 24 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24 |  |
Distributions attributable to noncontrolling interests | (18) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (18) |  |
Share-based compensation plans and other | 729 |  |  |  | (37) |  |  | 766 |  |  |
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2017 | 34,569 |  |  | 1,788 | 39,902 | 41,350 | (4,910) | (43,794) | 233 |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. | 6,220 |  |  |  |  | 6,220 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | (361) |  |  |  |  |  | (361) |  |  |  |
Cash dividends declared on common stock (1.99 per share in 2018, $1.89 per share in 2017 and $1.85 per share in 2016) | (5,313) |  |  |  |  | (5,313) |  |  |  |  |
Treasury stock shares purchased | (9,091) |  |  |  | (1,000) |  |  | (8,091) |  |  |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (27) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (27) |  |
Distributions attributable to noncontrolling interests | (25) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (25) |  |
Share-based compensation plans and other | 862 |  |  |  | (94) |  |  | 956 |  |  |
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018 | 26,882 |  |  | $ 1,788 | $ 38,808 | 42,579 | (5,545) | $ (50,929) | $ 181 |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adoption of new accounting standards (see Note 2) | $ 48 |  |  |  |  | $ 322 | $ (274) |  |  |  |

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