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Earnings per Share (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Calculations of Earnings Per Share
The calculations of earnings per share (shares in millions) are as follows:
Years Ended December 31
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
$
9,843

 
$
6,220

 
$
2,394

Average common shares outstanding
2,565

 
2,664

 
2,730

Common shares issuable (1)
15

 
15

 
18

Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution
2,580

 
2,679

 
2,748

Basic earnings per common share attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
3.84

 
$
2.34

 
$
0.88

Earnings per common share assuming dilution attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. common shareholders
$
3.81

 
$
2.32

 
$
0.87

(1) 
Issuable primarily under share-based compensation plans.