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Earnings Per Share
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share
The calculations of earnings per share are as follows:
 Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
($ and shares in millions except per share amounts)2021202020212020
Net Income from Continuing Operations Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.$4,567 $2,324 $8,525 $7,136 
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net of Taxes and Amounts Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests— 617 766 2,025 
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.$4,567 $2,941 $9,291 $9,161 
Average common shares outstanding2,530 2,529 2,531 2,530 
Common shares issuable (1)
6 9 8 11 
Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution 2,536 2,538 2,539 2,541 
Basic Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders:
Income from Continuing Operations$1.81 $0.92 $3.37 $2.82 
Income from Discontinued Operations— 0.24 0.30 0.80 
Net Income$1.81 $1.16 $3.67 $3.62 
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders:
Income from Continuing Operations$1.80 $0.92 $3.36 $2.81 
Income from Discontinued Operations— 0.24 0.30 0.80 
Net Income$1.80 $1.16 $3.66 $3.61 
(1)Issuable primarily under share-based compensation plans.
For the third quarter of 2021 and 2020, 8 million and 5 million, respectively, and for the first nine months of 2021 and 2020, 10 million and 5 million, respectively, of common shares issuable under share-based compensation plans were excluded from the computation of earnings per common share assuming dilution because the effect would have been antidilutive.