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Earnings Per Share - Calculations of Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands, shares in Millions
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Mar. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]    
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc., basic $ 2,821,000 $ 4,310,000
Net income attributable to Merck & Co., Inc., diluted $ 2,821,000 $ 4,310,000
Average common shares outstanding (in shares) 2,538 2,528
Common shares issuable (in shares) 13 9
Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution (in shares) 2,551 2,537
Basic Earnings Per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 1.11 $ 1.70
Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 1.11 $ 1.70