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Segment Reporting (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Sales of Company's Products | Sales of the Company’s products were as follows:
Years Ended December 31 | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
| U.S. |  | Int’l |  | Total |  | U.S. |  | Int’l |  | Total |  | U.S. |  | Int’l |  | Total
Pharmaceutical: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Oncology |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Keytruda | $ | 15,114 |  |  | $ | 9,897 |  |  | $ | 25,011 |  |  | $ | 12,686 |  |  | $ | 8,251 |  |  | $ | 20,937 |  |  | $ | 9,765 |  |  | $ | 7,421 |  |  | $ | 17,186 |
Alliance revenue - Lynparza (1) | 607 |  |  | 592 |  |  | 1,199 |  |  | 584 |  |  | 532 |  |  | 1,116 |  |  | 515 |  |  | 473 |  |  | 989 |
Alliance revenue - Lenvima (1) | 657 |  |  | 303 |  |  | 960 |  |  | 579 |  |  | 297 |  |  | 876 |  |  | 417 |  |  | 287 |  |  | 704 |
Welireg | 209 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 218 |  |  | 123 |  |  | — |  |  | 123 |  |  | 13 |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |
Alliance revenue - Reblozyl (2) | 168 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 212 |  |  | 123 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 166 |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | 17 |
Vaccines |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gardasil/Gardasil 9 | 2,083 |  |  | 6,803 |  |  | 8,886 |  |  | 2,065 |  |  | 4,832 |  |  | 6,897 |  |  | 1,881 |  |  | 3,792 |  |  | 5,673 |
ProQuad/M-M-R II/Varivax | 1,837 |  |  | 531 |  |  | 2,368 |  |  | 1,724 |  |  | 518 |  |  | 2,241 |  |  | 1,629 |  |  | 506 |  |  | 2,135 |
RotaTeq | 493 |  |  | 276 |  |  | 769 |  |  | 508 |  |  | 275 |  |  | 783 |  |  | 473 |  |  | 334 |  |  | 807 |
Vaxneuvance | 561 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 665 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 170 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |
Pneumovax 23 | 127 |  |  | 285 |  |  | 412 |  |  | 346 |  |  | 256 |  |  | 602 |  |  | 547 |  |  | 346 |  |  | 893 |
Vaqta | 119 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 100 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 179 |
Hospital Acute Care |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bridion | 1,156 |  |  | 686 |  |  | 1,842 |  |  | 922 |  |  | 762 |  |  | 1,685 |  |  | 762 |  |  | 770 |  |  | 1,532 |
Prevymis | 264 |  |  | 341 |  |  | 605 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 240 |  |  | 428 |  |  | 153 |  |  | 218 |  |  | 370 |
Dificid | 274 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 302 |  |  | 241 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 263 |  |  | 166 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 175 |
Zerbaxa | 119 |  |  | 100 |  |  | 218 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 4 |  |  | (5) |  |  | (1) |
Noxafil | 32 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 51 |  |  | 187 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 199 |  |  | 259 |
Primaxin | 1 |  |  | 211 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 239 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 258 |  |  | 259 |
Cardiovascular |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alliance revenue - Adempas/Verquvo (3) | 350 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 367 |  |  | 329 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 341 |  |  | 312 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 342 |
Adempas | — |  |  | 255 |  |  | 255 |  |  | — |  |  | 238 |  |  | 238 |  |  | — |  |  | 252 |  |  | 252 |
Virology |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lagevrio | 10 |  |  | 1,418 |  |  | 1,428 |  |  | 1,523 |  |  | 4,161 |  |  | 5,684 |  |  | 632 |  |  | 320 |  |  | 952 |
Isentress/Isentress HD | 215 |  |  | 268 |  |  | 483 |  |  | 274 |  |  | 359 |  |  | 633 |  |  | 294 |  |  | 474 |  |  | 769 |
Neuroscience |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Belsomra | 81 |  |  | 150 |  |  | 231 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 179 |  |  | 258 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 241 |  |  | 318 |
Immunology |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Simponi | — |  |  | 710 |  |  | 710 |  |  | — |  |  | 706 |  |  | 706 |  |  | — |  |  | 825 |  |  | 825 |
Remicade | — |  |  | 187 |  |  | 187 |  |  | — |  |  | 207 |  |  | 207 |  |  | — |  |  | 299 |  |  | 299 |
Diabetes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Januvia | 1,151 |  |  | 1,039 |  |  | 2,189 |  |  | 1,248 |  |  | 1,565 |  |  | 2,813 |  |  | 1,404 |  |  | 1,920 |  |  | 3,324 |
Janumet | 223 |  |  | 954 |  |  | 1,177 |  |  | 355 |  |  | 1,344 |  |  | 1,700 |  |  | 367 |  |  | 1,597 |  |  | 1,964 |
Other pharmaceutical (4) | 688 |  |  | 1,596 |  |  | 2,283 |  |  | 693 |  |  | 1,628 |  |  | 2,319 |  |  | 824 |  |  | 1,690 |  |  | 2,516 |
Total Pharmaceutical segment sales | 26,539 |  |  | 27,044 |  |  | 53,583 |  |  | 24,989 |  |  | 27,016 |  |  | 52,005 |  |  | 20,401 |  |  | 22,353 |  |  | 42,754 |
Animal Health: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Livestock | 700 |  |  | 2,637 |  |  | 3,337 |  |  | 710 |  |  | 2,590 |  |  | 3,300 |  |  | 667 |  |  | 2,628 |  |  | 3,295 |
Companion Animal | 1,104 |  |  | 1,184 |  |  | 2,288 |  |  | 1,112 |  |  | 1,138 |  |  | 2,250 |  |  | 1,091 |  |  | 1,182 |  |  | 2,273 |
Total Animal Health segment sales | 1,804 |  |  | 3,821 |  |  | 5,625 |  |  | 1,822 |  |  | 3,728 |  |  | 5,550 |  |  | 1,758 |  |  | 3,810 |  |  | 5,568 |
Total segment sales | 28,343 |  |  | 30,865 |  |  | 59,208 |  |  | 26,811 |  |  | 30,744 |  |  | 57,555 |  |  | 22,159 |  |  | 26,163 |  |  | 48,322 |
Other (5) | 137 |  |  | 770 |  |  | 907 |  |  | 395 |  |  | 1,333 |  |  | 1,728 |  |  | 266 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 382 |
| $ | 28,480 |  |  | $ | 31,635 |  |  | $ | 60,115 |  |  | $ | 27,206 |  |  | $ | 32,077 |  |  | $ | 59,283 |  |  | $ | 22,425 |  |  | $ | 26,279 |  |  | $ | 48,704 |
U.S. plus international may not equal total due to rounding. (1) Alliance revenue for Lynparza and Lenvima represents Merck’s share of profits, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs (see Note 4). (2) Alliance revenue for Reblozyl represents royalties and, for 2022, also includes a payment received related to the achievement of a regulatory approval milestone (see Note 4). (3) Alliance revenue for Adempas/Verquvo represents Merck’s share of profits from sales in Bayer’s marketing territories, which are product sales net of cost of sales and commercialization costs (see Note 4). (4) Other pharmaceutical primarily reflects sales of other human health pharmaceutical products, including products within the franchises not listed separately. (5) Other is primarily comprised of miscellaneous corporate revenue, including revenue hedging activities which increased (decreased) sales by $244 million, $810 million and $(203) million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as well as revenue from third-party manufacturing arrangements (including sales to Organon). Other for 2023, 2022 and 2021 also includes $118 million, $165 million and $218 million, respectively, related to upfront and milestone payments received by Merck for out-licensing arrangements.
Consolidated Revenues by Geographic Area | Consolidated sales by geographic area where derived are as follows:
Years Ended December 31 | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
United States | $ | 28,480 |  |  | $ | 27,206 |  |  | $ | 22,425 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 13,254 |  |  | 14,493 |  |  | 13,341 |
China | 6,802 |  |  | 5,191 |  |  | 4,378 |
Japan | 3,164 |  |  | 3,629 |  |  | 2,726 |
Asia Pacific (other than China and Japan) | 3,225 |  |  | 3,614 |  |  | 2,407 |
Latin America | 3,086 |  |  | 2,582 |  |  | 2,206 |
Other | 2,104 |  |  | 2,568 |  |  | 1,221 |
| $ | 60,115 |  |  | $ | 59,283 |  |  | $ | 48,704 |
Reconciliation of Segment Profits to Income Before Taxes | A reconciliation of segment profits to Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes is as follows:
Years Ended December 31 | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Segment profits: |  |  |  |  |
Pharmaceutical segment | $ | 38,880 |  |  | $ | 36,852 |  |  | $ | 30,977 |
Animal Health segment | 1,737 |  |  | 1,963 |  |  | 1,950 |
Total segment profits | 40,617 |  |  | 38,815 |  |  | 32,927 |
Other profits | 474 |  |  | 1,160 |  |  | 156 |
Unallocated: |  |  |  |  |
Interest income | 365 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 36 |
Interest expense | (1,146) |  |  | (962) |  |  | (806) |
Amortization | (2,044) |  |  | (2,085) |  |  | (1,636) |
Depreciation | (1,625) |  |  | (1,642) |  |  | (1,414) |
Research and development | (30,008) |  |  | (13,011) |  |  | (11,692) |
Restructuring costs | (599) |  |  | (337) |  |  | (661) |
Charge for Zetia antitrust litigation settlements | (573) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other unallocated, net | (3,572) |  |  | (5,651) |  |  | (3,031) |
| $ | 1,889 |  |  | $ | 16,444 |  |  | $ | 13,879 |
Equity Loss from Affiliates and Depreciation Included in Segment Profits | Equity income from affiliates and depreciation included in segment profits is as follows:
| Pharmaceutical |  | Animal Health |  | Total
Year Ended December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Included in segment profits: |  |  |  |  |
Equity income from affiliates | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 111 |
Depreciation | 5 |  |  | 198 |  |  | 203 |
Year Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Included in segment profits: |  |  |  |  |
Equity income from affiliates | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 39 |
Depreciation | 5 |  |  | 177 |  |  | 182 |
Year Ended December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |
Included in segment profits: |  |  |  |  |
Equity income from affiliates | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11 |
Depreciation | 6 |  |  | 158 |  |  | 164 |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net by Geographic Area | Property, plant and equipment, net, by geographic area where located is as follows:
December 31 | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
United States | $ | 13,915 |  |  | $ | 12,891 |  |  | $ | 11,759 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 7,562 |  |  | 6,993 |  |  | 6,081 |
Asia Pacific (other than China and Japan) | 1,022 |  |  | 966 |  |  | 857 |
Latin America | 222 |  |  | 225 |  |  | 199 |
China | 193 |  |  | 207 |  |  | 220 |
Japan | 133 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 159 |
Other | 4 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 4 |
| $ | 23,051 |  |  | $ | 21,422 |  |  | $ | 19,279 |

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