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Earnings Per Share
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share
The calculations of earnings per share are as follows:
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
($ and shares in millions except per share amounts)20252024
Net Income Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc.
$5,079 $4,762 
Average common shares outstanding2,523 2,533 
Common shares issuable (1)
8 11 
Average common shares outstanding assuming dilution 2,531 2,544 
Basic Earnings per Common Share Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders
$2.01 $1.88 
Earnings per Common Share Assuming Dilution Attributable to Merck & Co., Inc. Common Shareholders
$2.01 $1.87 
(1)    Issuable primarily under share-based compensation plans.
For the first quarter of 2025 and 2024, 10 million and 3 million, respectively, of common shares issuable under share-based compensation plans were excluded from the computations of earnings per common share assuming dilution because the effect would have been antidilutive.